Unit4HistoryandTraditions

ListeningandSpeakingTeachingobjectives:Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto…1.getfamiliarwithConfuciusTemple,Confucius,Confucius'descendantsandConfucius'educationalthoughts.2.understandEnglishidiomsandrelatedculturalallusions.3.talkaboutConfucius'municatewiththewordsandidiomsinlistening.Confuciusmansioncemeteryphilosophydescendant

individualheelAchilles’heeln.

孔子n.

公館；宅第n.

墓地；公墓n.

哲學(xué)n.

后裔；后代；子孫adj.單獨(dú)的；個(gè)別的n.個(gè)人n.足跟；(腳,襪子、鞋等的）后跟（喻）（希雅神語(yǔ)）阿喀琉斯的腳跟,致命的弱點(diǎn)Confucius(551—479BC)ThinkerEducatorStatesman政治家Philosopher哲學(xué)家FounderoftheConfucianschoolandConfucianism儒家學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人SymbolofChinesecultureDoyouknowConfucius?step1before-listening

Learningwithoutreflectingleadstoconfusion.Reviewtheoldandlearnthenew.Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantotherstodotoyou.Makenosocialdistinctionsinteaching.Whenseeingapersonwithhighcaliber,strivetobehisequal.Tolearnandatduetimetorepeatwhatonehaslearnt,isn’tthatafterallapleasure?己所不欲勿施于人溫故而知新學(xué)而不思則罔有教無(wú)類見(jiàn)賢思齊學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦樂(lè)乎?TempleofConfuciusKongFamilyMansionCemeteryofConfuciusTempleofConfucius:Themostfamousandlargesttemplehonoringthegreatsage.ItisalsoaUNESCOworldHeritageSite.KongFamilyMansion:Itwasthehistoricalhomeofthedescendents(后代)ofConfuciusfromwheretheymanagedceremonies.Itisnowamuseum.Cemetery（墓地）ofConfucius:ThisiswhereConfuciusandhisdescendantsareburied.ThreeConfucius“三孔”

QufuStep1:Lead-in

ABritishtourist,William,asksaChinesestudent,XiaoKong,fordirectionswhenhewantstovisittheConfuciusTemple.OnthewaytotheConfuciusTemple,theytalkaboutConfuciusandhisideas.WilliamXiaoKongListentoaconversationbetweenaBritishtouristandaChinesestudentinQufu,andthenwritedownwhattheysayaboutConfucius.step2while-listening

Exercise2:William:1Confuciusisoneofhisfavourite

.2Hewasa

man.3Helivedover

yearsago.philosopherswise2,500Exercise2:XiaoKong:1Confuciushasover

descendants.2Hewasagreat

andhadmanyideasabout

.3Hewasoneofthegreatest

inhistory.3millioneducatoreducationmindsExercise3:FF1Confuciussaidthatlearningwithoutunderstandingleadstoconfusion.2XiaoKongisdoingaresearchprojectonConfuciusphilosophy.reflectingideasoneducationExercise3:NM3AsoneofConfucius'descendants,XiaoKong'snameisrecordedinthefamilytree.4DachengHallisthetallestbuildinginQufu.Hisfamilytreenootherbuildinginthecitycanbetallerthanit.TExercise3:WhydoyouthinkWilliamsaidhishometownwassimilartoQufu?ATherearefamoushallsinhishometown.BTherearenotallbuildingsinhishometown.CBothplaceshaveafamouspersonwhowasbornthere.DHishometowndoesn'tallowotherbuildingstobemorenoticeablethanthehistoricbuildings.DEnglishidiomMeaningChineseequivalentAchilles'heelpullone'slegfishoutofwaterWritedowntheEnglishidiomsthatareusedintheconversation.ExplaintheirmeaningsandthinkaboutsomeofChineseequivalents.sth.thatissb'sweaknesstojokewithsb.Sb.whofeelsuncomfortable

becausetheyareinanunfamiliarplace弱點(diǎn)；要害戲弄如芒在背/感到不自在step3post-listening

W:Excuseme,doyouspeakEnglish?I’mlookingfortheConfuciusTemple,but1._______________________–they’remyAchilles’heel!X:Oh,hello,yes.Comewithme–2._____________________________.Bytheway,whatdoes“Achilles’heel”mean?W:Oh,itmeansthat3.________________________–I’mreallybadwithmaps!SodoyouknowmuchaboutConfucius?He’s4.________________________________.Hewassuchawiseman.X:Oh,

yes.Iwasbornhere.Infact,IbelieveIam5.______________ofConfuciushimself.W:oway,you’repullingmyleg,right?Sohowdoyouknow6.___________________Confucius?Didn’theliveover2500yearsago?X:Yes,but7.____________________________.Hewasoverthreemilliondescendants.Sorryagain,whatdoes“pullingmyleg”mean?W:Oh,sorry,itmeansto8.__________________.Anyway,soyou’reactuallygoingtothetempleto9________________________?I’mgoingtothetemplerightnowI’mnotgoodatmapsyou’rerelatedtoadescendant

somethingismyweaknessoneofmyfavouritephilosopherspayrespectstoyourrelativejokewithsomeonehisfamilytreeiswellrecorded弱點(diǎn)；要害戲弄Achilles’heelAchilleswasthebelovedsonofthemortalhero（凡人英雄）Peleusandtheseagoddess（海洋女神）Thetis,inanattempttomakehissoninvulnerable(刀槍不入的),setouttowashAchillesinanmagicriver.Whendoingso,sheheldAchillesbytheankleandthereforeimmersedeverypartofthebaby’sbodyexcepttheheelwhichsheheldinherhand.SotheunwashedheelbecametheonlyweaknessinAchilles’body.Atlast,Achillesdiedofawoundafterbeinghitbyanarrow(箭)onthatheel. Peterwasthebestathleteinthecompetitionandeveryonebelievedhewouldwinthechampion.Buthelostitfinally.Afterthecompetition,hesaidwithgreatremorse(萬(wàn)分懊悔):

“CarelessnessismyAchilles’heel!Imustgetridofit.”Anexample:Nowadays,

“Achilles’heel”isusedtorefertothefatalweakness.Carelessnessismyfatalweakness!/??k?li?z/n.阿基里斯(荷馬史詩(shī))Anidiomisanexpressionwhichmeanssomethingdifferentfromthemeaningoftheindividualwords.Someidiomspresentanideaorpaintapicturethatgivesahintastothemeaning.Otheridiomscanonlybeunderstoodfromthecontextinwhichtheyappear.DiscussinparisandguesstheChineseequivalentofthefollowingEnglishidioms.EnglishidiomChineseequivalentLoveme,lovemydog.Killtwobirdswithastone.appleofone’seyesbreaktheicebreakaleg祝你好運(yùn)愛(ài)屋及烏一石二鳥掌上明珠破冰，打破沉默DiscussinparisandguesstheChineseequivalentofthefollowingEnglishidioms.EnglishidiomChineseequivalentcostanarmandalegrainingcatsanddogsDon’tcryoverthespiltmilk.Nomanisanisland.Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch世界上沒(méi)有免費(fèi)的午餐花費(fèi)極大傾盆大雨覆水難收沒(méi)有人是一座孤島。Isitimportantforapeopletoknowtheirhistoryandtraditions?Why?Apeoplewithouttheknowledgeoftheirpaststory,originandcultureislikeatreewithoutroots.-MarcusGavey

一個(gè)不了解自己歷史，起源和文化的民族就如同一棵無(wú)根之樹(shù)。

Apeopleherereferstoallthepersonswholiveinaparticularplaceorbelongtoaparticularcountry,raceorothergroup.Apeoplewithouttheknowledgeoftheirpaststory,originandcultureislikeatreewithoutroots.