2020版高考英語二輪復習題型組合練（五）（含解析）PAGE26-題型組合練(五)閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五Ⅰ.閱讀理解閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。A(2022·福建三校聯考)Thethingsthatkidschoosetoplaywithcanaffectourearth.Themanufacturingoftoysandgamescanproduceharmfulpollutionandnon-biodegradablewaste，whichisharmfulforourplanet.Butsometoymakersarecreatingitemsforkidsthataimhigher.Theyusenaturalornon-harmfulmaterials，andfindwaystoreuseandrecycle.Toysandkits(成套工具)canalsoteachkidsaboutenvironmentallyfriendlysolutions.Hereareafewofourfavoritelow-impact，funtoys.TestthewaterWateristheearth'smostpreciousnaturalresource.Manypeopletakeitforgranted，butnoteverybodyintheworldhasaccesstocleanwater.LearnaboutthesciencebehindonesolutionwithThames&Kosmos'GlobalWaterQualityExperimentKit.Thekitcomeswithtoolsandinstructionsforconductingeightimportantexperimentsincludingtestingthequalityofwaterandmakingdirtywatercleaner.($15)PlanttomatoesWhencommunitiesindry，desertregionsexperiencedrought，itimpactstheiragriculturalpractices.LearnaboutwaterpreservationandgrowdeliciouscherrytomatoeswithBacktotheRootsSelf-WateringTomatoPlanter.ItfeaturestechnologythatAfricandesertfarmershavebeenusingforthousandsofyears：aminiatureclaypotreleaseswater，butonlywhenthesurroundingsoilhasdriedup.($30)DrawwithveggiesWeeCanToo'sVeggieSidewalkChalkismadefromfruitandvegetablepowders—it'spracticallysafetoeat！Thechalk，createdusingenvironmentallyfriendlyingredients，hasnoneofthechemicalsfoundinyourtypicalsidewalkchalk.Whentheraincomesandwashesawayyourmasterpiece，noharmfulpollutantswillbeenteringtheenvironment.($12)CreatewithcardboardWhencardboardbreaksdowninalandfill，itcreatesmethane，amajorgreenhousegasthatcontributestoglobalwarming.RecycledcardboardcanbetransformedintoaworkofartwiththeCardboardToolKitfromUncommonGoods.Thekitcomeswith28reusablepartsforfasteningcardboardpiecestogether.Nowletyourimaginationgowild！($13)1．WhatisspecialaboutBacktotheRoots'smallclaypot?A．Itisverypretty.B．Itisarecentinvention.C．Itcanimprovetomatoes'taste.D．Itusestechnologyagainstdrought.2．Whichproductneedsuserstobeimaginative?A．CardboardToolKit.B．VeggieSidewalkChalk.C．Self-WateringTomatoPlanter.D．GlobalWaterQualityExperimentKit.3．Whatdothefourproductshaveincommon?A．Theyarehardtouse.B．Theyareearth-friendlytoys.C．Theyaregoodforkids'health.D．Theyaregreatchoicesforartlovers.體裁：應用文題材：廣告主題：四種環保的兒童玩具【語篇解讀】本文是一篇廣告類應用文，主要介紹了四種環保的兒童玩具，包括玩具名稱、設計特點、材料來源以及價格等。1．解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段尾句“ItfeaturestechnologythatAfricandesertfarmershavebeenusingforthousandsofyears：aminiatureclaypotreleaseswater，butonlywhenthesurroundingsoilhasdriedup〞可知，該玩具的特點是使用了非洲沙漠地區的農民已經使用了數千年的技術：當周圍的土壤干涸時，微型陶罐才可以放水。據此可推知，這種玩具的特點是使用了抗旱技術，故D項正確。答案：D2．解析：細節理解題。根據尾段的內容，尤其是最后一句“Nowletyourimaginationgowild！〞可知，CardboardToolKit可以充分發揮人的想象力，故A項正確。答案：A3．解析：細節理解題。根據第一段第四、五句“Theyusenaturalornon-harmfulmaterials，andfindwaystoreuseandrecycle.Toysandkits(成套工具)canalsoteachkidsaboutenvironmentallyfriendlysolutions〞，并結合四種玩具的特點介紹可知，這四種玩具的共同點是環保，故B項正確。答案：BB(2022·廣州調研測試)InsideasecuredroominabeautifulcastlenearParis，asmallmetalcylinder(圓柱體)restsonashelfbeneathadoublesetofbelljars.Ithaslainthereformorethanacentury，anditsrestwasonlyoccasionallydisturbedwhentheroom'sthreekeyholdersperformacoordinatedopeningceremonytolettechniciansenterandcleanthispreciouspieceofmetal.First，thecylinderisrubbedwithapieceofsoft，alcohol-soakedcloth.Thenitissteamedwithpurewater.Finally，the1kgcylinderisreturned，carefully，toitsrestingplace.Suchattentiontoalumpofmetalisunusual，buthasapurpose.ThecastlehousestheInternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasuresandthatpieceofshining，circularmetalisitspreciousrelic.Itisthedefiningmass(質量)againstwhichallotherkilogramsaremeasured.Thisistheinternationalprototype(樣本)，orstandard，ofthekilogram—theIPK，inshort.Dozensofcarefullyweightedcopiesoftheoriginalhavebeenmade.Theyarestoredaroundtheworldandusedtostandardiseindividualnations'weightsandmeasuressystems.ButthedaysoftheIPK，initscurrentform，arenumbered.TheInternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasureshasdecidedtoreplacethissinglephysicalspecimenwithamorefundamentalmeasurement—basedonelectriccurrents—inordertodefinethemassofanobject.Thekingofkilogramsisabouttobedethroned.“Onekeyreasonfordoingthisworkistoprovideinternationalsecurity，〞saysPaulRobinson，thespokesmanoftheInternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasures.“Ifthecastleburneddowntomorrowandthekilogramwasdestroyed，wewouldhavenoreferenceleftfortheworld'smetricweightssystem.Therewouldbechaos.ThecurrentdefinitionofthekilogramistheweightofthatcylinderinParis，afterall.〞AnothermajormotivationforthereplacementoftheIPKisthegrowingneedtobeabletocarryoutmoreandmoreprecisemeasurements.“Drugcompanieswillsoonbewantingtouseingredientsthatwillhavetobemeasuredintermsofafewmillionthsorevenbillionthsofagram，〞saysRobinson.“Weneedtobepreparedtoweighsubstanceswiththatkindofaccuracy.〞4．WhatdoweknowabouttheIPKfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．It'scaredforwithgreatdevotion.B．It'susedinvariousceremonies.C．It'sbeautifullydesignedanddecorated.D．It'sthemostvaluablemetalintheworld.5．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dethroned〞underlinedinParagraph5?A．Rebuilt. B．Removed.C．Destroyed. D．Upgraded.6．WhatisareasonforreplacingthecurrentIPK?A．Toprotectthemetalcylinderfromdamage.B．Tomaketakingmeasurementsmoreeconomical.C．Toprovideallcountrieswiththesamestandard.D．Tosatisfytheincreasingdemandforexactness.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．NomorekilosB．AmeasurementtechnologyC．ThefutureofthekiloD．Thehistoryofmeasures體裁：說明文題材：社會生活主題：“千克〞的未來【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了位于巴黎國際度量衡局的珍貴的“千克〞樣本，該樣本是一個金屬圓柱體，它已經有一個多世紀的歷史。這個“千克〞樣本是世界各地“千克〞的參照物，有著重要的意義；但隨著社會的開展，人們需要更加精確的測量結果，所以“千克〞在未來將面臨變革。4．解析：推理判斷題。通讀第一段的內容可知，該“千克〞樣本被放在巴黎的一個美麗的城堡里，并置于鐘形玻璃罩下面；并結合第二段的內容可知：技術人員用一塊柔軟的、被酒精浸泡過的布擦它，然后用純水蒸的方式清理它，最后小心地將它放回原來的位置。據此可以判斷，這個“千克〞樣本被用心地照看著，故A項正確。答案：A5．解析：詞義猜想題。根據第五段第二句“TheInternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasureshasdecidedtoreplacethissinglephysicalspecimenwithamorefundamentalmeasurement—basedonelectriccurrents—inordertodefinethemassofanobject〞可知，國際度量衡局決定用一種更根本的基于電流的測量(方法)來代替這個單一的物理樣本，以確定一個物體的質量；結合該段第三句“Thekingofkilogramsisabouttobedethroned〞可推知，該“千克〞之王即將被廢黜；故畫線詞與B項“免除，解除(職務等)〞意思最相近，故B項正確。答案：B6．解析：細節理解題。根據尾段的內容，尤其是第一句“AnothermajormotivationforthereplacementoftheIPKisthegrowingneedtobeabletocarryoutmoreandmoreprecisemeasurements〞可知，更換國際千克樣本的另一個主要原因是社會需要越來越精確的測量結果，目前的IPK已經不能滿足社會的需要，故D項正確。答案：D7．解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了收藏在巴黎的一座城堡中的“千克〞樣本，該樣本在未來將面臨變革。故C項最適合作本文標題。答案：CC(2022·鄭州質量檢測)MysonSamis16andautistic(自閉癥的)．There'salotgoingoninthatbeautifulandbrilliantmindofhis，butevenonagooddayhecanbeeasilyataloss.Throwinsomediagnosedanxiety，aninabilitytoreadsocialcues(提示)andanunexpectedchangetohisdailyroutine，andyouhavethewaytodealwithaverypublicbreakdown(精神崩潰)．ItwasSam'sveryfirstdayathighschool.We'dsetupaplanforhowhe'dgethome：I'dpickhimupoutsidetheshopnearhisschoolat3：30pmandIbelievedthiswasaperfectplan.Unknowntome，verybadweatherwasonitswayandIwasunabletowarnhimtotakeshelter.Withthecombinationofhisdeadphonebatteryandmydeadcarbattery.Iwasrunninglateandunabletocommunicatethattohim.Asaresult，hewasleftaloneandextremelyfrightened.Hebecameveryupsetoutsidetheshop，exactlywhereI'dtoldhimtowait.ThiswaswhenabeautifulolderVietnameseladynotonlywenttocheckonhim，buttookhiminsidehershop，calmedhimdown，gotmyphonenumberfromhimandcalledme.Fiveyearslaterhecontinuedtogointohershopeveryafternoon，boughtadrink，hadachatandshesenthimhomewithenoughbreadandrollstofeedasmallnation.Samwillgraduatethisyear，andI'mincreasinglyfeelingtheneedtodropbytheshoptoletthiswonderfulladyknowthatshehassavedSam，andthatshehassavedme.I'mnotsureifIcancommunicateallofthis，butatleastIwillgettothankher.TherearepeopleIwillnotgettothank，though—themanykindstrangerswhohavebeenthereforSam.Andbelieveme，ifyou'rewonderingifthisworldisacompletemessrightnow，I'mheretosaythatitisnot.SoIguessthisisalovelettertothoseofyouwhohavehelpedastrangeroutofthegoodnessofyourheart.Pleaseknowyouareappreciated，andthatyourbeautifulheartandkindnessareappreciated，andperhapsunknowingly，youhavemadeagreatdifferenceinsomeone'slife.8．WhatcanwelearnaboutSamfromthefirstparagraph?A．Heisratherslowwithhisstudies.B．Hecandealwithsuddenchangeswell.C．Hehasdifficultyindealingwiththings.D．Hetrieshardtolearnhowtoreadsocialcues.9．Theunderlinedpart“checkon〞inParagraph4probablymeans“________〞．A．discover B．visitC．recognize D．examine10．WhathappenedtoSamafterhisfirstdayathighschool?A．Hecouldgetonwellwithhisclassmates.B．Hemadegoodfriendswiththenicelady.C．Hebroughttheladysomefoodtothankher.D．Hebecamewillingtocommunicatewithothers.11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Toexpressherthankstokindpeople.B．Toremindusalltohelpautisticpeople.C．Toshowhowdifficultlifeisforautisticpeople.D．Totellushowtomakeadifferenceinother'slives.體裁：記敘文題材：日常生活主題：一封感謝信【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了作者患有自閉癥的兒子在生活中得到諸多陌生好心人的幫助，作者以此向人們表達真誠感謝。8．解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句“Throwinsomediagnosedanxiety，aninabilitytoreadsocialcues(提示)andanunexpectedchangetohisdailyroutine，andyouhavethewaytodealwithaverypublicbreakdown(精神崩潰)〞可知，薩姆應對日常生活有困難，應選C。答案：C9．解析：詞義猜想題。根據前三段的內容可知，薩姆患有自閉癥，并結合第四段可知，商店的主人，一個越南的老太太出來看了看薩姆，然后把他帶到商店里，使他鎮靜下來，并和作者取得了聯系，由此可推知，畫線局部意為“查看〞，與D項意思相近，應選D。答案：D10．解析：推理判斷題。根據第五段的內容可知，薩姆在受到商店老太太的幫助之后經常會去商店里與她交流，由此可推知，他和老太太成了好朋友，應選B。答案：B11．解析：寫作意圖題。根據最后一段第一句“SoIguessthisisalovelettertothoseofyouwhohavehelpedastrangeroutofthegoodnessofyourheart〞，并結合對本段的整體理解可推知，作者寫本文的目的是感謝那些曾經幫助過陌生人的好心人，應選A。答案：AⅡ.閱讀七選五根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2022·石家莊高三模擬)Asnewcarpricescontinuetoclimb，youcanfindreliablebutcheapusedcarsforsale.Manyarereadilyavailableonline，butcarlotsandlocalautoauctions(拍賣)alsoprovideexcellentsourcesforinexpensivevehicles.Herearethetips.Searchonline__1__，somesitesspecializeinautomotivesalesandmaycontainhundredsoflocallists.Privatesellersmayofferconsiderablylowerpricesfortheircarsthanadealerandbemorereceptivetonegotiation.Youwillfinddealerlistsonthesesitesaswell.VisitlocalauctionsThoughmanycarauctionstakeplaceonline，youstillcanfindacheapusedcarataspecializedautoauction.Theseauctions，availableinmanybiggercities，arethesameoneswherelocaldealerspurchasecarsforsale.__2__，socheckwithyourlocalautoauctioncentertoconfirm.__3__Manyorganizationsthatmanageafleetofvehiclesselltheirusedcarswhentheyremovethemfromactiveservice.Carrentalcompaniesfrequentlyselllatemodel，relativelylowmileageformerrentalcarsforwellbelowthepriceadealerwouldchargeforasimilarvehicle.Foraverycheapusedcar，considerbuyingretiredpolicecarsandgovernmentsurplusvehicles.__4__．Bepreparedtonegotiate__5__，youlikelywillhavetheopportunitytonegotiateforalowersalesprice.Whennegotiatingwithadealer，