PAGEPAGE15單元Unit3一、重點詞匯：online,television,channel,design(er),program,education(al),traveller,character,role,knowledge,screen,mark,pass,set,store,movable,machine,control,print,appear,daily,exciting,include,cover,order,introduction,goal,produce(r);二、詞組短語：turnon,atthesametime,maincharacter,athirteen-year-oldboy,fallasleep,earnapoint,playtheroleof…,findout,sellout,asetof,dailyEnglish,askforhelp常見的被動語態的一些詞組getdressed(穿衣)gethurt(受傷)getlost(迷路)getwashed(洗臉)getmarried(結婚)becoveredwith(被…覆蓋)bemadeof（由…制成）（看得出原材料）bemadeby（由某人制造）bemadefrom（由…制成）（看不出原材料）bemadein（由某地制造）beusedfor（被用于…）beusedas（被當作…使用）itissaidthat…（據說…）itishopedthat…（希望…）itiswellknownthat…（眾所周知…）一.【精選詞匯】㈠重點短語1.Ihavenoidea.＝I’venoidea.＝Idon’tknow.我不知道。(p40)2.turnontheTV→turnon/off打開/關閉…，turnup/down調大/調低；都是“動詞＋副詞”。3.changethechannel換臺→onChannel…在…臺，e.g.onCCTV-5→拓展：theEnglishChannel英吉利海峽4.differentusesofcomputers計算機的不同用途：drawanddesign,playcomputergames,searchforinformation,sendandreceivee-mails收發電子郵件,dowordprocessing進行文字處理,writecomputerprograms編寫計算機程序(p41)5.travelaroundtheworldineighthours八小時環游地球，educationalCD-ROM教育軟件(p42)6.comeout(書等)出版，發行，發表，不能用于被動語態，可以轉化為bepublished。〈知識鏈接〉Whenwillhernewnovelcomeout?＝Whenwillhernewnovelbepublished?〈用法拓展〉⑴(太陽、月亮或星星)出現；露出，e.g.Therainedstoppedandthesuncameout.⑵(花朵)開放；(草)出芽，e.g.InMarchflowersandgrasscomeout.7.learnEnglishandgeographyatthesametime同時學英語和地理→atthesametime同時〈知識鏈接〉learnandplayatthesametime邊學邊玩8.themaincharacter主角→playthemaincharacterof…＝playtheleadroleof…〈知識鏈接〉playtherole…扮演…，thebestactor最佳男主角，thebestactress最佳女主角9.have/getitchyfeet渴望旅行，e.g.ShehasgonetoAustralia－shehasalwayshaditchyfeet.10.helpyoulearnEnglishbytestingyourknowledgeofEnglishgrammarandvocabulary(p43)〈知識鏈接〉⑴by介詞，通過某種方法、手段，后接名詞或動詞-ing。①Hemadealivingbysellingflowers.②Youcanknowmoreaboutthenewsbyreadingtoday’snewspaper.⑵haveaknowledgeof有某方面的知識，e.g.①Hehasawideknowledgeofpainting.他在繪畫方面知識淵博。②Knowledgeispower.知識就是力量。11.oneofthebestonthemarket市面上最暢銷的一種12.chooseoneiconinthemenu在菜單里選擇一個圖標，clickonitformoredetails點擊它以了解詳情→clickon…點擊…，leftdouble-clickon…左鍵雙擊…13.openmynewe-dictionaryonmycomputer打開我電腦上的新電子詞典(p48)〈知識鏈接〉“打開”電腦的軟件用open不用turnon。〈用法拓展〉⑴英漢詞典anEnglish-Chinesedictionary，漢英詞典aChinese-Englishdictionary⑵查字典：lookupawordinadictionary或lookawordupinadictionary14.restartthecomputer重新啟動電腦→startvt.啟動；開始→restart重新啟動〈知識鏈接〉re＋部分動詞→再…，e.g.rebuild重建，reuse循環使用，retell復述〈用法拓展〉setoff＝startoff出發；動身，setaboutdoingsth開始做某事，著手做某事15.checkthesettings檢查設置，double-clickonthe“auto-run”icon雙擊“自動運行”圖標，double-clickontheiconfor“Tour”→double-clickonthe…icon＝double-clickontheiconfor…雙擊…圖標，putintheCD-ROM插入光盤16.connectthekeyboardtothecomputerproperly正確地連接鍵盤和電腦〈知識鏈接〉⑴connectAtoB連接A和B→beconnectedto…與…連接⑵properadj.正確的→properly17.growaninch長一英寸，growtosixfeetlong長到六英尺長→Afootisequalto12inches.18.dailyEnglish＝everydayEnglish日常英語→dailynewspaper日報，XinhuaDaily新華日報19.goonshorttoursofAustraliaandNewZealand去澳大利亞和新西蘭短期旅行(p52)20.behiddeninsomewhereintheArctic被藏在北極的某個地方→behidden＋地點，被藏在…21.thetreasurebox百寶箱→treasurehunt尋寶(p55)㈡詞匯解析1.onlineadj.聯網的；在線的e.g.chatonline網上聊天，orderapackageonline網上訂購一套2.reach⑴vt.到達＝getto…＝arriveat/in…⑵達到，e.g.①reach18yearsold年滿18歲②Thechildisn’ttallenoughtoreachthesnacksonthetable.⑶reachoutahand伸出一只手3.⑴correctlyadv.正確地→correct①adj.正確的→incorrect→incorrectly②vt.改正；修正，e.g.correctamistake改正錯誤⑵correct正確的→wrong錯誤的，inthecorrectorder按正確順序4.educatev.教育→educationn.教育→educationaladj.教育的，e.g.①educateoneself自修；培養②beeducatedatschool在學校里受教育③haveagoodeducation受到良好教育5.knowledgen.知識→knowvt.知道→beknowntosb為某人所知，bewellknown/famousfor…因…而出名，beknownas…作為…而出名，e.g.SamuelClemens,whowasknownasMarkTwain,wasafamousAmericanwriter.塞繆斯·克萊門斯，以馬克·吐溫知名，是美國名作家。6.point⑴n.分數e.g.get100points得100分⑵n.小數點e.g.1.732讀作onepointseventhreetwo⑶v.指e.g.pointout指出，pointat/to…指向7.regards(用于信函的結尾或轉達問候)致意；問候→regardsbas…把某人視為…8.company簡寫作Co.，e.g.有限公司companylimited＝Co.,Lducer制作人；制造商。9.使用計算機Officeword常用短語：createafile創建文檔，keep/savethefileforfutureuse保存該文檔以備用。“收發電子郵件”sendandreceivee-mails需要“電子信箱”e-mailaddress。10.control⑴n.(鍵盤上的)控制鍵⑵vt.控制e.g.①Thetrafficlightsarecontrolledbyacentralcomputer.交通信號燈由中心計算機控制。②Thisknobcontrolsthevolume.此旋鈕調節音量。二.【重點句型】1.—Whatdoyouuseyourcomputerfor?—Iusuallyuseittosearchforinformation.(p41)〈知識鏈接〉What…for?＝Why…?為什么…?e.g.Whatdidyoudothatfor?＝Whydidyoudothat?2.Itsoundsinteresting,doesn’tit?→“陳述句＋附加疑問？”構成反意疑問句。(p42)⑴附加疑問即“助動詞或助動詞的否定式縮寫＋主語或there”；附加疑問部分的助動詞必須與陳述句保持一致，主語必須是人稱代詞或there，并與陳述句主語的單復數保持一致。⑵前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意“前否定后肯定”答語的英漢差異。⑶反意疑問句的答語為“Yes,主語＋助動詞.”或“No,主語＋助動詞的否定式”。e.g.—Simondidn’ttakepartinthefootballmatch,didhe?—Yes,hedid.Thoughhewasn’tfeelingwell.—西蒙沒有參加足球賽，是嗎？—不，他參加了。盡管他當時不舒服。3.Oneday,hewaslyingonthegrassandlookingatthebeautifulbluesky,whenhefellasleepandhadaverystrangedream.一天，他躺在草地上，看著美麗的藍天，不知不覺間睡著了，并做了個奇怪的夢。lie①躺→lies→lying→lay→lain②說謊→lies→lying→lied→lied③位于→lies→lying→lied→lied〈知識鏈接〉⑴lie意思是“躺”，常用于liedown躺下，findsb/sthlying＋地點①Shefoundapurselyingontheground.②Ifoundahomelessmanlyingatthestreetcorner.⑵fallasleep睡著，e.g.HefellasleepwhenhewaswatchingTV.⑶have/dreama…dream做了一個…的夢，e.g.have/dreamastrangedream〈用法拓展〉lie⑴說謊，e.g.①Youcouldseefromhisfacethathewaslying.②tellalie說謊⑵位于，e.g.JiangsuliesintheeastofChina.4.Seethosebigcloudsofdifferentcolourswithquestionsonthem?Yougetapointeverytimeyouansweraquestioncorrectly.→everytime＋陳述句，每當…，引導時間狀語從句。〈知識鏈接〉getapoint得一分，answeraquestioncorrectly答對一題5.Whenyouhavegotenoughpoints,acloudwillcomedownandcarryyouofftoaplaceyouhavenevervisitedbefore.→youhavenevervisitedbefore是省略關系代詞that/which的定語從句。〈知識鏈接〉havegotenoughpoints獲得足夠的點數，carryyouoffto…把你帶到…6.Areyouready?Let’sgo！準備好了嗎？出發！7.Forexample,whenyoureachLondon,youwilllearnabouttheMuseumofLondonandmanyotherinterestingplaces.→①learnabout…了解…8.Everytimeyoupassalevel,youwillseeamapoftheworld.→passalevel過一關〈知識鏈接〉⑴Everytime＋陳述句，每當…⑵amapoftheworld世界地圖→amapofChina9.Theplacesyouhavevisitedaremarkedinbrightpurple.你到過的地方都標上了明亮的紫色。10.Getitnowbeforeitissoldout.→sellout售完，besoldout被售完，sellwell好賣(不用被動)〈知識鏈接〉—HaveyougotasizeM?—Sorry,theyareallsoldout.Theysellwell.11.I’veboughtmanyeducationalCD-ROMsbefore,butI’vefoundnoneofthemtobeanygood.〈知識鏈接〉findnoneofthemtobeanygood沒發現一個好的12.—Howcanyourteacherreadyourhomeworkonthecomputer?—Icansendhime-mailsorprintitout.→readyourhomework批閱作業，sendsbe-mails給某人發電子郵件(p46)〈知識鏈接〉onthecomputer在電腦上，onthescreen，onTV，ontheInternet(在因特網上)13.—Doyouhaveanewprinter,too?—Yes,anditprintsveryquickly.→該句的print不用被動。14.Mynewcomputerismuchfasterthantheoldone.Icantypeveryeasily,andthekeyboardisverycomfortable.15.We’vegotmanykindsofpersonalcomputers.ThisgreenoneiscalledKiwi,anditisdesignedespeciallyforstudents.→personalcomputer個人電腦，簡寫作PC。(p48)〈知識鏈接〉⑴Kiwi①(informal)＝apersonfromNewZealand新西蘭人②幾維鳥，新西蘭鳥，喙長、翼短、無尾、不能飛③kiwifruit獼猴桃；奇異果⑵bedesignedespeciallyforstudents特別為學生而設計16.—Isitusedwidely?—Ofcourse,verywidelyinBeijing.→bewidelyused被廣泛使用〈知識鏈接〉Englishiswidelyusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.(bewidelyas…被廣泛用作)17.Whenatotaloftenquestionsareansweredincorrectly,theprincesswillbecomebald.(p51)〈知識鏈接〉⑴totaln.總數，總和e.g.①Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexamand18ontheoral,makingatotalof65.你筆試得了47分，口試得了18分，總分65分。②Outofatotalof15games,theyonlywon2.在總共15場比賽中，他們只勝了2場。⑵becomebald禿頂→become＋形容詞18.Thequestionsgetmoredifficultasyougotohigherlevels.當你到更高的級別，問題就更難了。〈知識鏈接〉as連詞，當…時，隨著…。e.g.Theairwillgetfresherasyoureachthetopofthemountain.19.Shewillhelpyouwhennecessary.必要時她會幫助你。→ifnecessary如果有必要(p52)20.Manytopicsarecoveredinthecourse,includingtravelandhotels,foodanddrink,andshoppingandmoney.這一課程涉及許多主題，包括旅游、飯店、購物和錢幣。(p53)〈知識鏈接〉⑴cover＝include包括；涉及⑵including介詞，包括…在內，e.g.①Histalkcovered/includedthehistorybetweenthetwoWorldWars.②Thepackageincludes/coversabookandtwoCD-ROMs.③Thereweretenstudentsleftintheclassroom,includingTom.21.CanyoushowmehowtostartthisonlinetourofAustralia,please?你能告訴我如何開啟這個澳大利亞的在線之旅嗎？→howtostart…是“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”。22.Doyoumindtellingmehowtousethisfunction?你介不介意告訴如何使用這個功能？〈知識鏈接〉mind介意，表示請求允許或客氣地請人做事。注意以下兩種表達的不同：⑴Do/Wouldyoumindmy/medoingsth?或Do/WouldyoumindifIdosth?你介意我做某事嗎？表示請求對方的允許，答語為Ofcoursenot.Certainlynot.或You’dbetternot.Betternot.⑵Do/Wouldyouminddoingsth?你介意做某事嗎？表示客氣地請人做事。①Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?＝DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我開窗戶好嗎？②Wouldyoumindexplainingthatagain,please?請你再解釋一遍行嗎？請做題—Wouldyoumind?I’mfeelingtootired.—Ofcoursenot.Letmedoit.A.todriveB.mydriveC.drivingD.mydriving23.Justdouble-clickonthe“Pencil”icon.…Aworksheethasjustappearedonthescreen.〈知識鏈接〉⑴appear是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態。appear出現→disappear消失⑵sheetn.①床單e.g.changethesheet換床單②一張(通常指標準尺寸的紙)e.g.500sheets24.Inwhichcountriesisthegamesold?這個游戲在哪些國家銷售？(p55)〈知識鏈接〉Inwhichcountries不能去掉介詞in，e.g.Whichcitydidyougotolastsummer?25.Thegoalofthegameistotravelaroundtheworldtolearnthehistoryofeachplaceandusethisknowledgetoopenthetreasurebox.→當主語是goal等時，用動詞不定式betodo作表語。三.【語法詳解】被動語態㈠英語中的語態－主動語態和被動語態⒈英語動詞有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。如：①Theybuiltanewbridgeovertheriver.(主動)→Anewbridgewasbuiltovertheriverbythem.(被動)②ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主動)→Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被動)⒉漢語中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來表示被動，而英語用“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞構成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助動詞be有人稱、數和時態的變化。㈡被動語態的基本用法⒈當句子的主語是動作的執行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態。被動語態由助動詞be＋過去分詞構成，時態通過動詞be表現出來。⒉什么時候使用被動語態⑴不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰。①Somewindowswerebrokenlastnight.②Thisbookwaspublished(出版)in2005.注意：第②句＝Teout是不及物動詞短語，不能用于被動語態。⑵只強調動作的承受者，而不強調動作的執行者。①EducationalCD-ROMsaresoldinmanycountries.②RicewasfirstgrowninChina.③Englishislearnedallovertheworld.注意：不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語無被動語態，如：appear,happen,takeplace等。㈢被動語態的基本結構⒈動作的承受者＋be＋過去分詞＋其他＋by＋動作的執行者。簡寫為“承受者＋be＋過去分詞＋其他＋by＋動作的執行者”。⒉主動語態變為被動語態的步驟：確定主動語態的時態，它決定著被動語態中的助動詞be。→找出主動語態的主、謂、賓。→按照上述句式改寫：承受者+be+過去分詞+其他＋by＋執行者⒊常用的被動語態結構時態結構時態結構一般現在時am/is/are＋p.p.含情態動詞can/may/must/…be＋p.p.一般過去時was/were＋p.p.現在完成時have/hasbeen+p.p.一般將來時will/shallbe＋p.p.am/is/aregoingtobe＋p.p.現在進行時am/is/arebeing+p.p.⒋主動改為被動語態的例子：主動語態基本結構為主、謂、賓。⑴Hisbrotherwashesdisheseveryday.→Dishesarewashedeverydaybyhisbrother.主(執行者)謂賓(承受者)其他⑵Peterwillcleantheroomtomorrow.→TheroomwillbecleanedtomorrowbyPeter.⑶Hemustlookafterthelittleboy.→Thelittleboymustbelookedafterbyhim.⑷Thestudentsarewatchingacharityshow.→Acharityshowisbeingwatchedbythestudents.㈣特殊情況的被動語態簡單句五種基本形式中的其中兩種變為被動語態時十分重要：⒈主謂＋雙賓：這類短語含有介詞to或for。如：give,send,show,buy,make…⑴givesbsth＝givesthtosb，buysbsth＝buysthforsb主動語態：Amygavemesomenicestickers.＝Amygavesomenicestickerstome.被動語態：IwasgivensomenicestickersbyAmy.或SomenicestickersweregiventomebyAmy.⑵主動：Afairygavetheprincessamagicwand.＝AfairygaveamagicwandtoPrincessLaura.被動：Theprincesswasgivenamagicwandbyafairy.或Amagicwandwasgiventotheprincess.總結含有雙賓語的動詞短語變為被動語態的規則：可以把任何一個賓語作為被動語態的主語；如果把直接賓語(即物體)作為主語，動詞和直接賓語之間要添加相應的介詞to或for。主動語態中無論使用givesbsth還是givesthtosb，一律按照上述句子改寫，即：givesbsth或givesthtosb→sbbegivensth或sthbegiventosb，這類含有介詞to或for的短語見下表主動語態被動語態sendsbsth或sendsthtosbsbbesentsth或sthbesenttosbshowsbsth或showsthtosbsbbeshownsth或sthbeshowntosbbuysbsth或buysthforsbsbbeboughtsth或sthbeboughtforsbmakesbsth或makesthforsbsbbemadesth或sthbemadeforsb⒉主謂賓＋省略to的不定式(即賓補)：使役動詞變為被動語態時，原來省略的to一定要加上。常見短語⑴makesbdosth→sbbemadetodosth(主動語態不含to，被動語態必須帶to。下同)⑵hearsbdosth→sbbeheardtodosth⑶seesbdosth→sbbeseentodosth⑷havesbdosth→sbbehadtodosth注意特殊例子：letsbdosth→sbbeletdosth(主動語態和被動語態都不含to。)e.g.Hemadetheworkerswork12hoursaday.→Theworkersweremadetowork12hoursaday.㈤主動形式表示被動意義：有些不及物動詞(其主語大都指物)的主動語態可以表示被動意義。⒈某些連系動詞。這些動詞有feel,taste,smell,sound,prove等。①Thecoffeesmellsdelicious.②Thestoryprovedquitefalse.⒉某些可與well,easily,quickly等副詞連用的不及物動詞。①Thiskindofbikessellswell.②Thiskindofricecooksmorequicklythanthatkind.⒊某些可用于“主＋謂＋主補”結構中的不及物動詞。e.g.Thebagbrokeopen.⒋動名詞在beworthdoing句型中的主動形式表示被動含義。①HisnovelsaresowellworthreadingthatIwantone.②Thesestampsareworthcollecting.⒌動名詞在need,want,require等動詞后，主動形式表示被動含義。needdoing＝needtobedone①Theproblemrequiresdealingwithimmediately.②Herbikeneededrepairing.⒍動詞不定式的主動形式在too…to…句型中表示被動含義。Theboxistooheavytocarry.⒎有些形容詞后的動詞不定式有被動含義。這些形容詞有easy,difficult,heavy,nice,good,pleasant,important,useful,dangerous等。①Badhabitsareeasytocontract.②Englishisdifficulttolearn.五、例題解析1、誤：ThisisabookwaswrittenbyLuXun.正：ThisisabookwrittenbyLuXun.解析：此處的written只是作為一個形容詞來用，整個‘abookwrittenbyLuXun’意為‘一本魯迅寫的書’。注意區別：ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.2、誤：Iwillfindoutifhecomestomorrow.正：Iwillfindoutifhewillcometomorrow.解析：此處的if意為‘是否’，引導的是一個賓語從句，由于有tomorrow所以用將來時。而只有當if當解釋為‘如果’時，它才引導條件狀語從句，要體現主將從現的特點。六、鞏固練習（一）用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.Iwas__________(luck)enoughtomeethim.2.Hismotherisold.Her__________(know)ofcomputerispoor.3.alotof__________(travel)fromabroadcometoHainanIslandeveryyear.4.Thenameofthestoryis__________(fun).5.Thisbookisquitegoodbecauseitis__________(educate)forus.（二）用所給動詞的適當形式填空1.Onhiswayhomehefoundabag__________(lie)ontheground.2.Thepictures__________(print)bymysisterjustnow.3.They__________(clean)thewindowseveryweek.4.Americanfilms__________(show)onTVatweekend5.WouldyoupleasehelpmewithmyEnglishafterthehomework__________(do).6.Whenwewereplayingfootballontheplayground,itstarted__________(rain).7.Couldyouteachmehow__________(use)thecomputer?8.They_________(tell)herthenewsassoonasshe__________(come)back.9.Sorry,thebookyouwant__________(sell)out.Wouldyoulikeanotherone?10.Thiskindofplantcan__________(use)for__________(make)medcine.（三）單項選擇()1.I’vecometoschoolbybus______.Ihavegrownup.A.byourselvesB.onmyownC.myownD.formyself()2.Thingshavechangedalot______years.A.atB.overC.forD.since()3.theoldmanlives______,soheoftenfeels______.A.lonely,aloneB.alone,happyC.alone,aloneD.byhimself,lonely()4.Howlonghaveyou______fromtheUSA?A.comebackB.retrunedC.gotbackD.beenback()5.WhenIsawhimsuddenly,he______hisgackage.A.waspackingB.ispackingC.haspackedD.packed()6.Alargenumberofchickens______becauseofthebirdflu(禽流感)A.killB.killedC.waskilledD.werekilled()7.Aman______TongJimwantstoseeyou.A.calledB.callsC.nameD.iscalled()8.______ofushasbeentoHainanIsland.A.NooneB.BothC.NoneofD.All()9.Thenewdress______heranother100yuan.A.costsB.costC.iscostD.wascost.()10.Heisoftenseen______basketballontheplayground.A.playB.playsC.playingD.toplay（四）句型轉換1.ThiscomputergamewasdesingedbyMrWhite.(改為主動語態)____________________________________________________2.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.(改為被動語態)____________________________________________________3.Theclassroomisalwayskeptclean.(改為一般疑問句)_________theclassroomalways________clean?4.Thecomputerisusedforsendingandreceivinginformation.(對劃線部分提問)________________thecomputer________________?5.It’sbetterforyoutogotobedearly.(改為同義句)________________gotobedearly.（五）句子改錯1.CanyoufindMrJohnson’saddressforme?2.Ithinkthecuphasthreelegsisverystrange.3.Theletterswerewrotebymybrother.4.Myhaircutshortyesterday.5.Idon’tknowwhenhereachedinLondon.6.Theshoesinyoursizeissoldout.7.HeismadereadEnglisheverymorning.byhisparents.8.Wordprocessingskillsteachinourcomputerlessons.（六）句子翻譯1、這些書被他保存得很好。2、人們可以在那兒欣賞美麗的風景。3、你介意我開窗嗎4、你不要一邊看電視一邊做作業5、屋里太暗了，因為燈還沒有開Unit4一.【精選詞匯】㈠重點短語1.holdamicrophone拿著麥克風→比較：Thehostcameonstagewithamicrophoneinhishand.2.Congratulations!祝賀你！congratulations在向別人表示祝賀、祝福時常用復數。(p60)3.bechosentobe/asthehostofacharityshow→bechosentobe/as…被選作…〈知識鏈接〉bechosentodosth被選做某事，e.g.Hepburnwaschosentoplaytheleadrole.4.fund-raisingactivitiesforcharities為慈善機構籌款的活動，advertiseontheInternet在網上做廣告→advertiseonTV/inthenewspaper/inthemagazine在電視上/報紙上/雜志上做廣告，organizeacharityshow組織慈善演出，sellbookstoraisemoney賣書來籌款(p61)5.giveoutleaflets發傳單→give…out分發，動詞＋副詞結構，giveit/themout。6.returntoschool重返學校→return⑴回到returnto＋地點⑵returnsthtosb把某物歸還某人〈知識鏈接〉⑴returnto…＝gobackto…回到…⑵returnsthtosb＝givesthbacktosb歸還…①HongKongreturnedtoChinain1997.②Irememberedreturningthebooktothelibrary.7.helpprotectriversandlakesinChina幫助保護中國的河流和湖泊→help(to)dosth幫助做…8.hostacharityshow主持慈善演出，startworkingontheshow開始著手演出工作(p62)9.havealotofsupportfromlocalbusinesses得到當地企業的許多支持〈知識鏈接〉havesupportfromsb＝havesb’ssupport得到某人的支持，e.g.havemyparents’support.businessn.⑴企業；商行⑵事情①Mindyourownbusiness.＝It’snoneofyourbusiness.不關你的事。②onbusiness因公；公干HehasgonetoBeijingonbusiness.③businesshours營業時間〈用法拓展〉⑴bebusywithsth忙于某事⑵bebusy(in)doingsth忙于做某事(聯想記憶：因為忙的時候人在做事，所以bebusy之后用動詞的ing形式)⑶asbusyasabee極忙碌地10.performonthestage在舞臺上表演→performv.→performern.表演者→performancen.表演11.onthesidedoor在側門上，atbothsidesofthestage在舞臺的兩側，inthemiddleofthestage在舞臺的中間，inthefourcornersoftheschoolhall在學校禮堂的四個角落里(p67)12.designtheposter設計海報，setupthestage搭建舞臺，askfriendsandfamiliestocome(p70)13.makeasentence造句→makeasentencewith…用…造句，keepsilent保持沉默，fromnowon從今以后(用于將來時)，sincethen自那時起(用于完成時)，dayandnight日日夜夜，firstofall首先；最重要的是，caremoreabout…多關注…→caremoreaboutthepeopleinneed，careonlyabout…只關心…，careabout…在乎…,關心…(p72)14.make/doaspeech演講→freedomofspeech言論的自由(p73)㈡詞匯解析1.中國的慈善機構：ProjectHope希望工程，SpringBudProject春蕾計劃，ProjectGreenHope綠色希望工程，SaveChina’sTigers拯救中國虎2.TVcameras攝像機，TVstation電視臺→ChineseCentralTelevisionStation＝CCTV3.rise⑴vi.上升，(太陽、月亮)升起→反義詞set，e.g.①Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽東升西落。②Thecurtainrose.⑵(水)漲高e.g.Theriverroseaftertherain.⑶(物價)上漲e.g.Priceshaverisensurprisingly.物價上漲得很驚人。〈用法拓展〉⑴rise→rose→risenvi.上升；升起⑵raise→raised→raisedvt.舉起；升起，籌集二.【重點句型】1.Onlyifyousleeplessduringtheday.只要你白天少睡一些覺(p60)〈知識鏈接〉onlyif…只要…就…；只有…才…2.Therearemanywaystoraisemoneyforcharity.為慈善籌款有許多方式。3.Alotofworkneededtobefinished,soIdon’thavemuchfreetime.(p62)〈知識鏈接〉主語是事物時，needtobedone＝needdoing主動形式表示被動。Yourclothesaresodirty.Theyneedwashing./Theyneedtobewashed.(SeeUnit3語法詳解)4.Itwasmyjobtointroduceeachstar.我的工作是介紹每一個明星。〈知識鏈接〉當主語是job,duty,goal,purpose,aim,dream,wish等時，動詞be之后用動詞不定式作表語。e.g.①Herdutyistocleanthestreet.②Hisdreamistobeanexplorer.5.Icouldn’tsleepatallthatnightbecauseIwassoexcited.‘Willitbeasuccess?’Ikeptaskingmyself.〈知識鏈接〉⑴not…atall根本不…；一點也不…⑵keptdoingsth反復做某事⑶beasuccess成功＝besuccessful，beabig/greatsuccess非常成功6.Notimetobenervousanymore.Thisisit!沒有時間再緊張了。就這樣吧！〈知識鏈接〉(Therebe)notimetodosth.沒有時間做某事。e.g.There’snotimetohavebreakfast.7.Thefansofthepopstarsweremakingalotofnoise,soIhadtospeakloudly.〈知識鏈接〉⑴makealotofnoise大聲吵鬧→makeanoise吵鬧；發出響聲⑵speakloudly大聲說話→readaloud朗讀(動詞＋副詞結構)，readit/themaloud8.Everythingseemedtohappensofast,andnowitisallover.〈知識鏈接〉seemadj.好像；似乎⑴seem(tobe)＋形容詞＝look＋形容詞seem(tobe)happy⑵Sbseems/seemedtodosth.＝Itseems/seemedthatsbdosth好像/似乎某人做某事，Everythingseemedtohappensofast.＝Itseemedthateverythinghappenedsofast.⑶Itseemstomethatsbdosth.9.AlotofmoneyhasbeendonatedtoProjectGreenHope.→have/hasbeen＋過去分詞〈知識鏈接〉donatesthtosb向…捐贈某物→sthbedonatedtosb某物被捐贈給…e.g.PeoplehavedonatedtensofmillionsofyuantoProjectHopesinceitwasfoundedin1989.10.IhopemoreeventslikethiswillbeorganizedtoraisemoneyforcharityandIthinkmorepeopleshouldbeinvitedtotakepartinthem.→moreeventslikethis更多像這樣的活動〈知識鏈接〉⑴invitesbto..→sbbeinvitedto…應邀到某地，invitesbtodosth→sbbeinvitedtodosth應邀做某事，e.g.LastnighttheywereinvitedtoAmy’sbirthdayparty.⑵takepartin＝joinin參加→attend出席，e.g.Manyimportantpersonsattendedtheconference.11.Iwasgladtoreceiveyoure-mail.Itwasgreatfuntobeahost,wasn’tit?(p69)12.Somechildreninpoorareasdonothavemoneytogotoschool,soProjectHopepayfortheireducation.〈知識鏈接〉payforsth付…的款，paysomemoneyforsth買某物付…錢13.Ourclassheldameetingtotalkaboutholdingacharityshow.→hold/haveameeting開會〈知識鏈接〉talkaboutsb/sth討論、談論某人或某事，talkaboutdoingsth討論、談論做某事14.Wehavearrangedworkamongthestudents.我們已在同學中分配了工作。(p71)〈知識鏈接〉⑴arrangevt.安排；籌備→rearrangevt.重新安排；重新排列，arrange→arrangement，rearrange→rearrangement。e.g.Theyarrangedafarewellpartyfortheexchangestudents.⑵among在…中(兩者以上)→between在…中(兩者)e.g.①Thereisawoodenhouseamongthetrees.②Englishiswidelyusedforbusinessbetweencountries.15.Ihopethatourshowwillbeheldattheschoolhall.Ihopealotofpopstarscanbeinvitedtotheshow.〈知識鏈接〉⑴hope＋that引導的一般將來時或含有情態動詞can的從句。⑵hopetodosth希望做某事。英語里沒有hopesbtodosth，必須改為hope＋that從句。〈用法拓展〉⑴want/wishtodosth想做某事，want/wishsbtodosth想讓某人做某事。⑵wish＋that從句①表示祝福、祝愿②表示不可能實現或很難實現的愿望e.g.①Iwishyouwillhavesuccessatschool.②Iwishyouahappynewyear.③IwishIwereabirdandcouldflyintheskyfreely.16.ProjectHopeisanorganizationthatraisesmoneytobuildschoolsandbuybooksforpoorstudents.(p72)〈知識鏈接〉畫線部分是關系代詞that/which引導的定語從句，該句不能省略關系代詞。17.Wewouldliketothankthefollowingfortheirhelpandsupport.感謝以下(單位或個人)的幫助或支持。18.Wethinkit’simportantthatallchildrenlearntoreadandwrite.該句中的it＝that從句。(p74)19.Theirparentshavenomoney,sothechildrenhavetogotoworkinstead.這些孩子的父母沒錢，所以他們得去干活。〈知識鏈接〉⑴instead是副詞，意思是“代替，反而，卻”，表示“本應做的事沒有做，反而…”。e.g.Lethimgoinstead.⑵insteadof＋名詞/人稱代詞賓格/動名詞/介詞短語，代替…,而不是…。①Hewasill.Ididtheworkinsteadofhim.②HespenthisfreetimechattingonlineinsteadofwatchingTV.③Thechildrenshouldgotoschoolinsteadofworkingtosupporttheirfamilies.孩子們應該上學，而不是干活養家。④ShewillgotoDalianbyshipinsteadofbyplane.20.Afterafewsongs,therewasabreak.(p75)〈知識鏈接〉breakn.暫停，休息(工作時的間歇)常用于：haveabreak休息一下。〈用法拓展〉⑴breakdown出故障⑵breakinto…強行闖入⑶breakout(戰爭、地震、火災等)發生→Afirebrokeoutlastnight.⑷breakvi.破曉，e.g.Daybroke.天亮了。→Nightfell.天黑了.四語法A.Because：是連詞，連接兩個句子,解釋原因B.becauseof：是介詞詞組，用來解釋原因，后加名詞、名詞短語或代詞C.so是連詞，連接兩個句子，用來表示結果。D.hope:用于表達期望的事情將來會發生而且非常可能發生。后面可加動詞不定式todo,也可加句子，該句子用will/can+動原。e.g.Ihopetoseethecharityshow.Ihope(that)youwill/cancometomybirthdayparty.E.wish:用于表達期望時，期望的事情似乎不可能發生，則后面句子用過去時態，I后面的be動詞一定要用were；如果期望的事情是不可實現的事情或不真實的事情，后面句子用would+動原；wish還可用于表達祝愿,用詞組‘Iwishyou+名詞或名詞短語’。e.g.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.IwishIwereBillGates.Iwishyouahappyholiday.五典型題解析1、誤：Lotsofpeoplewouldwatchtheshowbecauseofthereweremanyfamouspopstars.正：Lotsofpeoplewouldwatchtheshowbecausethereweremanyfamouspopstars.解析：becauseof后跟的是一名詞或名詞短語，而這兒是一個句子，連接兩個句子并表示原因時應該用because2、誤：IwishIcanplaybasketballlikeYaoMing.正：IwishIcouldplaybasketballlikeYaoMing.解析：wish后面從句若表示將來不可能發生的事情，要用一般過去時。3、誤：HehopesmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.正：HehopesthatIcanhelphimwithhisEnglish.HewishesmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.解析：hope后面不可以跟人再跟動作，他只能跟動詞不定式todo;若一定要加跟人，那可以將這個人變成一主語，即在hope后面跟一個句子；另外一種辦法是把hope改成wish，因為wish后面既可跟人也可跟動作。六鞏固練習（一）用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Theyarethe___________(organize)oftonight’scharityactivities.2.Thehostofthepartyhadtospeak___________(loud)becauseofthenoisypeople.3.Thefootball____________(break)becauseoftheincident(事故).4.Wearethefaithful(忠實的)_____________(fan)forYaoMing.5.Itisabit___________(warm)thanyesterday.6.Wecan’tmakea____________(decide)becauseofthebadweather.7.Letustrytoraisemoremoneyby___________(organize)acharityshow.（二）單項選擇()1.Heseems________todayforhehaspassedtheexam.A.tohappyB.beunhappyC.happyD.happily()2.Thepresidentofthemeeting_______documentstoeachmember.A.givesupB.givesinC.givesoutD.givesoff()3.MrLiwasill,soMrZhangtookhislesson_______him.A.ofB.toC.insteadD.insteadof()4.Th