1.Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.假設你的家開始晃動,你必須立刻離開Shake（shook,shaken)v.搖動,搖,顫抖,震動n.搖動,搖,顫抖,震動翻譯:服藥前請搖動瓶子。Pleaseshakethebottlebeforetakingthemedicine.當火車經過時大地在劇烈地震動。Whenthetrainpassedby,theearthshookviolently.這個可憐的孩子正凍得發抖Thepoorchildwasshakingwithcold.聯想記憶:shakehandswithsb.shakesb.bythehand=shakeone’shandshakeone’shead/nodone’shead

rightaway:atonce;innotime;immediatelyrightnow:atthisverymomentMakeupyourmind___________.I’llreturnthebook___________.rightnowrightawayWemustbeoffrightaway/rightnow.It’seight.

請立刻把這篇文章打出來Pleasetypethisarticleoutrightaway/rightnow.rightaway不可用于進行時態,rightnow還相當于atthisverymoment;

atpresent在此刻,此時,可用于進行時態。他們正在錄制唱片

Theyaremakingtherecordrightnow.

2

Whatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?疑問詞+doyouthink/suppose+陳述句語序的句子？Whendoyouthinkhewillarrivehere?你認為他什么時候能到這里？Happentosb./sth發生在某人/某物上Happentodosth.Happen&takeplace:Happen是指事件的偶然發生；后者是有計劃，有準備的發生，有“舉行”之意。1.Anaccident____________on

DongfengRoadyesterdayafternoon.2.TheMayFourthMovement___________in1919.happenedtookplace3.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.三天來,村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停.*rise----上升，升起，上漲roserisenriseagainst反抗Theyallroseagainsttheking.*rise和raise的區別：risevi.指繼續上升，常用于日，月，云，霧，煙，物價，溫度，河水，潮水及人的職位等。raisevt.表示舉起，提出，提升，提高（例如水平等級，程度等）種植，飼養，用作“舉起”時，往往有使物體達到應有的高度的含義，可用于具體或抽象的事物。(1)兩者都可表示“升起”之意，這時rise是不及物動詞，而raise是及物動詞。Thepriceofmeathasrisensharplylately.

最近肉價上漲很快。Thebutcherswillraisethepriceofmeatinafewweeks.肉商幾個星期內將提高肉價。Everyoneknowsthatthesunrisesintheeast.每個人都知道太陽東升西落4.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.發臭的氣體從裂縫中冒出來。smellyadj.有臭味的smelly:smell+y=adj.smelln./v.(smelt/smelled)eg:Thefoodwassmelly.n.氣味Therewasasmellofburning.有一股燒焦的氣味。Theywereallhungryandthefood______good.Ican______somethingburninginthekitchen.Pleasethrowthe_______fishaway.smeltsmellsmelly4.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.

too···to·····＝so···that(如此……以至于）Thisbookistoodifficultformetoread.=ThisbookissodifficultthatIcannotreadit.too還因此形成一類特殊而重要的用法，具體如下：cannot（或cannever）...too...表示“怎么……也不會過分”、“越……越好”的含義。如：

Onecanneverbetoocarefulinone’swork．工作越細心越好。5.Inthecity,

thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在城市里,有些建筑物里的水管出現裂縫或者破裂.crackvi.使開裂,破裂,

Themirrorcracked.鏡子破裂了。

n.裂縫,裂紋墻上有個裂縫。Thereisacrackinthewall.burst(burst,burst;bursting)Theballoonburstsuddenly.氣球突然爆炸了。水管在寒冷的天氣里經常凍裂。Water

pipesoftenburstincold

weather.burstinto闖入Thepoliceburstintothehouseandarrestedhim.

aburstofapplause/anger/tears一陣…..Heburstintolaughter.=HeburstoutlaughingHeburstintotears.=Heburstoutcrying.burstinto+n.burstout+doing……burst&crackburstv.(使）破裂；（使）爆炸crackv.（使）裂開；n.裂縫Thewindowswascrackedbutnotbroken.窗下的玻璃裂了但沒有碎。2.Theballoonburst.

氣球吹炸了。6.Butonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.thinklittleof不重視；認為沒價值Shethoughtlittleofmywork.她不看重我的工作。event事件Thatwasanimportanthistoricalevent.那是一個重大的歷史事件。inanyevent/atall

events無論如何7.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.似乎世界末日來臨。

atanend(=finished)結束;終結

Thewarwasatanend.戰爭結束了。attheendof在……的盡頭/最后Attheendoftheroadyou’etoanend結束Themeetingcametoanendatmidnight.bytheendof直到…末,到……結束的時候，主句一般用完成時Bytheendoflastyear,wehadlearned1500Eheend最后；終于；不與of連用Hetriedvariousjobsandintheendbecameateacher.asif好像；似乎；仿佛Shewassittingthereasifnothinghadhappened.她坐在那兒，一副若無其事的樣子。8.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins在可怕的十五秒鐘內,一座大城市變為廢墟.ruinn.毀滅;廢墟v.毀滅；使破產

inruins荒蕪的,成為廢墟,一般用作表語。這座古代建筑已成了廢墟。Thisoldbuildinghasbeeninruins.戰爭給這個國家帶來了毀滅Thewarbrought_____tothecountry.ruin暴風雨摧毀了農作物Thestorm__________thecrops.

ruined中文原形過去式過去分詞現在分詞說明放置產卵laylaidlaidlaying及物動詞躺;位于lielaylainlying不及物動詞說謊lieliedliedlying不及物動詞lie與lay的區別口訣:規則的“撒謊”，不規則的“躺”，躺過就“產卵”。

(lie當“說謊”用，它的過去式和過去分詞都為lied，而當“躺”用時，它的過去式為“產卵”即lay)destroy:完全的毀壞，無法修復ruin:非暴力的，對美好事物的毀壞damage局部損傷使整體變得無價值e.g.(1)Thecar__________intheaccidentisbeingrepaired.(2)--Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?

--Theearthquake__________them.(3)Shepouredwaterallovermypainting,and__________it.

damageddestroyedruined9.Two-thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受傷

injurevt.損害,受傷adj.injured受傷的,受委屈的Hecan'tplaytodaybecausehe'sinjuredhisknee.因為傷了膝蓋，他今天不能比賽。harm

的含義側重于“損害，傷害”，可指精神或肉體的傷害，程度較輕。Don'tharmyoureyesbyreadingindimlight.injure指“損害，受傷”，著重容貌、機能的損壞。例如：Shewasinjuredbadlyintheaccident.事故中她受了傷。[詞義辨析]harm,injure,hurt,woundhurt指“傷害；刺痛”，尤指在精神或肉體上的傷害，含有強烈的疼痛。Nofeelingswerehurtthoughthecriticismwassharp.批評雖然尖銳，卻未傷感情。wound指外傷，如槍傷,刀傷,劍傷,尤指在戰斗中受傷。Thestormdidgreat______tothecrops.Tom

was________intheaccident.Thesoldierswere__________inthebattle.Whatyousaid_____myfeeling.harminjuredwoundedhurt分數表達法分子（基數詞為one）分母（序數詞用單數）eg.1/3one-third1/5one-fifth分子（基數詞不為one）分母+s（序數詞用復數）`eg.2/3two-thirds

3/5three-fifths百分數表達法：

百分數+單n+單謂；百分數+復n+復謂75%：seventy-fivepercent90%:ninetypercent▲Morethan70%ofthesurfaceoftheearth

iscoveredbywater.▲40%ofthestudentsinourschool

aregirls.10.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400000.傷亡的人數達到400000.Hesenthissontojointhearmyassoonashereached18.達到(指某種數目)YourletterofAugust24onlyreachedmetoday.抵達,傳到We’vegottoreachanagreementaboutthisquestion.達成(協議)得出(結論)Theboywasn’ttallenoughtoreachthebranches.伸手夠到(某物)Theparkreachesasfarastheriver.vi.延伸11.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.人們無論朝哪里看,哪里一切都幾乎被毀壞了。

everywhere=wherever=nomatterwhere

在這里做連詞用,引導狀語從句.如:

Everywhereheappeared,hewaspopular.無論他出現在哪里，他都是受歡的。12.Therailwaytrackswerenowuseless.

uselessadj.無用的，無價值的

“less”否定后綴，“沒有…的”，“無……的”其一般的組詞結構：名詞+less→形容詞例如：childless沒有兒女的

harmless沒有害處的

countless數不清的

priceless(price價錢，價格)是沒有價值的意思嗎？？？錯，這是個特殊的例子，

priceless是無價的，貴重的Therearemanypricelesstreasuresinthemuseum.博物館里有許多無價之寶.Track軌道；足跡；痕跡Haveyoufoundtracksinthesnow?你發現雪地上的足跡了嗎？Keeptrackof記錄；掌握……的線索Thepolicekepttracksofthecriminals.警方掌握了犯罪的線索。13.Tensofthousandsofcowsnevergivemilkagain.數以萬計的奶牛再也不產奶了

tensofthousandsof數以萬計的

thousandsof數千計的

millionsof數百萬計的

scoresof許許多多的

dozensof

許多，大量

14.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.insteadof代替,而不是,后接名詞，動詞，動名詞等，但不能接句子）instead是副詞，在句中單獨作狀語，置于句首時，意為“相反地”名詞，動詞，動名詞1)替代；更換Ifyoucannotgo,lethimgoinstead.如果你不能去，讓他替你去。2)（與of連用）代替We’llhaveteaininsteadofcoffee.我們將喝茶，而不喝咖啡。15.Peoplewereshocked.人們感到震驚..shock:v震驚、打擊Iwasshockedbyhisrudeness.beshockedat

對…感到吃驚Wewereshockedattheshockingnews.beshockedtodosth因做某事而吃驚Iwasshockedtolearnthathehadfailedintheexam.beshockedthat…Iwasshockedthathehadfailedintheexam.shock

：n.打擊；震驚，震動Thenewsofhiswife’sdeathwasaterribleshocktohim.shocking:adj.使人震驚的Hisfailureintheexamwasshockingtohisparents.14.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.有些救援人員和醫生被困在廢墟中。rescuevt.援救;營救rescuesb.fromsb./sth.救出一個溺水的孩子rescueachildfromdrowningn救援、救助arescueteam營救隊arescuemission營救任務trap(trapped,

trapped)n.陷阱，圈套vt.使受限制(困)于;誘騙Thecarwastrappedinthedeepsnow.

Iknewthequestionwasatrap,soIdidn’tanswerit.15.peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.

人們開始困惑這災難要持續多久。disaster(n.)災難,災禍,災害

①Toomuchwatercancausedisaster.②Disastersalwayscomeinthree.禍不單行wonder:

A.

tohaveafeelingofsurprise.奇跡,驚奇Iwonderatyourallowinghertobuytheexpensiveclothes.

我對你答應她買這么貴的衣服感到吃驚。

B.

tobefilledwithcuriosityordoubt.驚奇,想知道,懷疑Hewonderedwhathadhappened.

他想知道發生了什么事。n.

onethatarousesastonishment,surprise;admiration奇才；奇事，美好的事；奇觀Theystaredatthestrangewonder.他們凝視那奇景。16.Allhopeswasnotlost.并沒有喪失所有希望。=Notallhopewaslost.該句為不完全否定，也可稱之為部分否定。*all…not…=notall…,somebutnotall一些,但不是全部.當not與all,every,everyone,everything,連用時，皆表示不完全的否定。1）Notallthegirlsleft.(=Onlysomeofthemleft.)2)Notallthechildrenarenoisy.(=Someofthechildrenarenotnoisy.)3）閃光的并不都是金子.

4）并不是人人都在.Notallglitterisgold.Notallpeoplearehere.17.Thearmyorganized

teamstodigoutthosewhoaretrappedandtoburythedead.軍隊組成救援隊挖掘那些受困的人們并埋葬死者。digout挖出，找出來dig-dug-dugdigthecaroutofthesnowtodiginformationoutofbooks從書本挖掘知識todigouttruth尋求真理diginto挖掘Digintotheearth,andyouwillfindsomeearthworms.(蚯蚓）digup找出，查明Pleasedigupthetruereasonofthismatter.請找出這個事件的真正原因。buryvt.埋葬;Theboyburiedthedeadbirdinthebackyard.男孩們把死鳥埋在后院。buryoneselfin=beburiedindevoteoneselfto=bedevotedto埋頭于某事物,專心致志于某事Iburiedmyselfinmystudies.beburiedinthought出神深思beburiedinmemoriesofthepast回憶往事

*thedead意為“死難者”。*形容詞前加表示同一類的人或物，通常表示復數意義。Tellthemeaningsofthefollowingphrasesandsentences:(1)

theoldandthesick(2)theblind

thedisabled(3)theimpossible(4)Thericharenotalwayshappy.為了把事情變成可能，你首先要試一試不可能的事。

Inordertoachievethepossible,youhavetotrytheimpossible.

18.Tothenorthofthecity,mostofthe10,000minerswererescuedfromthecoalm