Module6Unit1Grammarandusage

Overviewoftenses1This______(be)ourschool.It______(lie)inTaoyuanCounty,HunanProvince.It________________(build)sincesevenyearsago.We_________________(study)inthisschoolforaboutoneandahalfyears.We_______________(have)anEnglishclassnow.islieshasbeenbuilthavebeenstudyingarehavingsimplepresentpresentperfectpresentperfectcontinuouspresentcontinuouspresentpresent

present

presentTensesrelatedtopresent1.simplepresent一般現在時

2.presentcontinuous現在進行時

3.presentperfect現在完成時

4.presentperfectcontinuous

現在完成進行時

Overviewoftenses1:presenttenses1.TheSimplePresentTense1)Form構成：

do;does(am/is/are)2)Usage用法：Weuseittotalkabout①thingsthataretruenow.(現在情況)②thingsthatarealwaystrue.(客觀真理)③thingsthatoccurregularly.(經常發生)⑤Futureactionsthatareinanadverbialclause(在時間,條件,讓步狀語從句中表示將來的動作)④Futureactionsthatarescheduled(按時刻表,日程表

)

3)與一般現在時連用的時間狀語：often,usually,always,seldom,sometimes,everyday,onceaweek,twiceaweek

J

J

J

J

一般現在時表不受時間限制的動作或狀態.主要指自然規律,客觀真理,格言或警句等。eg.Theteachertold

usthatlight_______(travel)fasterthansound.例如：Columbusproved

thattheearth___(be)round.istravelseg.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必敗注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。1.Mymotherlovesclassicalmusic.

2.Myfathervisitshisparentsonceaweek.3.WhenIwasveryyoung,mygrannytoldmetheearthisroundandmostriversflowintoseasandoceans.a.現在情況b.客觀真理c.經常發生Pleasematch:Focuson:Theexhibition______onMay1stand______attheendofJune.(open;close)Theplane_________at11:30and________inShanghaiat1:20.(takeoff;arrive)______thereafilmontonight?(be)在口語中，一般現在時常可表示按規定、時間表、日程表計劃或安排要發生的事情，常有一個表示未來的時間狀語.多用于表示起始或移動意義的動詞。begin,come,leave,start,arrive,go,open,close,takeoff,,etc.opensclosestakesoffarrivesIsnomatterwhathappensincaseyougetintodifficultyTranslation

:I’llgiveherthenotebook____________.Tellme_________________________.Hewillkeepthework______________________.當她來時whenshecomes在時間狀語從句中、條件狀語從句中、讓步狀語從句中，用一般現在時表示將來發生的動作或狀態。萬一你有麻煩不管發生什么2.ThePresentContinuousTense

Form構成：

am/is/aredoing2)Usage用法：Weuseittotalkabout①actionsthatarehappeningorinprogressnow.(此刻/現階段)②futureactionsthatarealreadyplanned.（按說話人計劃或安排）

③repeatedactions,usedwith“always,constantly,forever”usu.withanegativeconnotation.(與always等連用表感情色彩)now,atpresent,thisweek…J

J

注意SheisleavingShanghaiforGuangzhounextweek．Theyaregoingabroadforholidays.leave,go,come,arrive,start,move，stop,spend，stayetc.②表示按說話人計劃安排打算將要發生的動作。多用于一些表示起始和移動等意義的動詞。例如：Translation:下周她將離開上海去廣州．他們將出國度假．③表示滿意，稱贊，關切，抱怨，不滿等情感。常與always,forever,constantly等詞連用。厭煩贊揚

抱怨/不滿Sheisconstantlychanginghermind．Heisforevercomplainingabouthissalary．Heisalwayshelpingpeople.Pleasematch:3.ThePresentPerfectTense1)Form構成

has/havedone2)Usage用法：Weuseittotalkabout①experiencesthatarerepeated.(主語的經歷)②thingsthathappenedinthepast,buthaveaneffectonthepresent.(過去發生影響現在)③thingsthatstartedinthepastandarestillhappeningnow

(過去發生延續至今)ever,never,twice,already,not…yet,just,lately,recently,inrecentyears,since…,fortwoyears,during/inthepast/lastfewyears,fromthenon,sofar,upto/tillnow3)現在完成時常與下列時間狀語連用：J

J

J

注意①表示動作在過去完成，構成主語的經歷。eg.IhavebeentotheGreatWallthreetimes.eg.ThisisthefourthtimethatIhave

seenthefilm.Ilikeitverymuch.It/That/thisisthe…timethat

S+have/has+doneThat’sthethirdtimehehasphonedherthismorning.那是今天早上他第三次給她打電話.It’sthefirstgoldmedalI’vehadforages.

這是多年來我獲得的第一塊金牌.②表示動作發生在過去，但對現在的情況產生影響。eg.Thankyou.Ihavehadmysupper.eg.Ihaveseenthefilm.Havetheyfoundthemissingchildyet?③表示發生在過去的動作一直延續到現在。eg.Theconferencehaslastedforfivedays.eg.Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.*瞬間動作的肯定式一般不可與表示一段時間的狀語一起用于現在完成時。瞬間動詞的否定式可以與表示一段時間狀語一起用于現在完成時。Hehascomeherefortwodays.Hehasbeenherefortwodays.∨Hehasnotcomeherefortwodays.∨×翻譯:你的車好漂亮.買多久了?Yournewcarisverysmart.Howlonghaveyouhadit?

Hehasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.∨Hehasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.×4.ThePresentPerfectContinuousTense1)Form構成：

has/havebeendoing2)

Usage用法：Weuseittotalkabout

actionsthatstartedinthepast,havelasteduptonowandwillprobablycontinuetohappen.(過去發生,延續至今,還將繼續)allday,thewholemorning,fortwoweeks,…3)常與下列時間狀語連用:Practice:Alltheseyearswe_______________(設法)togetintouchwithyou.Allalongwe___________________(考慮)comingtoseeyou.havebeentryinghavebeenthinkingofSheisverytired.She________________(工作)allmorning.hasbeenworking3.現在完成進行時比較生動，有時含有明顯的感情色彩，而現在完成時往往只說明一個事實,結果或影響，平鋪直敘，沒有什么感情色彩可言

（a）Ihavebeenwantingtomeetyouforlong.（b）Ihavelongwantedtomeetyou.

（a）句比（b）句更親切，更有禮貌。2.現在完成進行時往往表示動作在重復，現在完成時則常常不帶重復性.Haveyoubeenmeetingherlately？

Haveyoumetherlately？1.現在完成進行時強調動作延續,現在完成時側重最后結果

Theyhavebeenwideningtheroad.Theyhavewidenedtheroad.區別現在完成時和現在完成進行時

他們加寬了道路他們一直在加寬道路2006高考試題鏈接1.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe__hereanymore.hasn’tlivedB.didn’tliveC.hadn’tlivedD.doesn’tlive2.Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads___risingthesedays.A.waskeepingB.keepC.keepsD.werekeeping3.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar___atthegarage.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired4.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren___skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing5.Idon’tsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit.Well,surprisinglytheydo.Amanhasbeenarrestedand___now.A.hasbeenquestionedB.isbeingquestionedC.isquestioningD.hasquestioned6.Myfriend,who___ontheInternationalOlympicCommitteeallhislife,isretiringnextmonth.servedB.isservingC.hadservedD.hasserved7.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane____.A.takesoffB.istakingoffC.hastakenoffD.tookoff8.Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe___onitformorethananhour.hasbeenworkingB.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworkingD.hadworked9.Althoughthecausesofcancer___,wedonotyethaveanypracticalwaytopreventit.arebeinguncoveredB.havebeenuncoveringC.areuncoveringD.haveuncovered10.Thebuildingaroundthecornercaughtfirelastnight.Thepolicearenow___thematter.A.seeingthroughB.workingoutC.lookingintoD.watchingover

Checktheanswers(Page9A):(1)am(2)havebeenwriting(3)amlooking(4)is(5)havebeenimagining(6)is(7)ismaking(8)hasbeenplanning(9)havedesigned(10)areprinting(11)aregoing(12)is(13)hope(14)opensWhoishe?HeisZhaoBenshan