erningtheFormatofPhDTheguidelinesprovidePhDstudentswithessentialinformationabouthowtoprepareandsubmitthesesinanappropriateformat.Pleasenote,thesesthatdoNOTfollowtherequiredformatwillNOTbeacceptedbytheGraduateSchoolandwillconsequentlydelaytheapprovalforgraduation.RequirementsforProducingPrintedThepapermustbeofInternationalStandardA4size(297mmx210mm)normallywith25%cottoncontent.Thepapershouldbe80or90gsmbrightwhite,highcontrast.TherequirementsstatedbelowshouldbestrictlyThesisThecontentsshouldbecenteredonthepagewithnormalmarginsandfollowingtheformatshowninAppendixI–ThesisCover.TitleThecontentsshouldbecenteredonthepagewithnormalmarginsandfollowingtheformatshowninAppendixII–TitlePage.Author’sTheAuthor’sRightnoticeshouldbecentered10cmfromthetopofthepage,centeredonthepagewithnormalmarginsandfollowingtheformatshowninAppendixIII–Author’sRight.OtherLeftPage:Rightmargin(bindingedge):4cm,Threeremainingmargins:2?cmRightPage:Leftmargin(bindingedge):4cm,Threeremainingmargins:2?cmPleaserefertoAppendixIV.Double-sidedPrinting(forenvironmentalpurposes),exceptfortheThesisCover,TitlePageandAuthor’sRight,whicharetobeprintedsinglesided.ThesiswritteninEnglishorPortuguese:12-point,TimesNewRomanThesiswritteninChinese:12-point,新細明體Double-linespacingmustbeusedthroughouttheSingle-linespacingisacceptableforfootnotes,bibliographicentries,longquotedpassagesanditemsinlists,tablesandappendices.Everypage,exceptThesisCover,TitlePageandAuthor’sRight,inthethesismustbenumbered.Thepagenumbermustbepositionedinthecenterbottomofthepage.Thefollowingpages(referredtofrontmatterorpreliminaries)shouldbenumberedwithsmallRomannumerals(i.e.,i,ii,iii...):AcknowledgementsTableofListofTablesandGlossaryListofAbbreviationsAllotherpages(i.e.,theintroduction,individualchapters,conclusion,appendicesandreferences)shouldbenumberedwithArabicnumerals(i.e.,1,2,3…).CompositionandStructure(SequentialOrderofThesisThethesismustbelaidoutintheorderstatedNote:IfthethesisisnotwritteninEnglish,anEnglishtranslationoftheThesisCover,theTitlePage,the ,TableofContents,ListofTablesandFigures,Glossary,ListofAbbreviationsandAuthor’sPublicationsmustbeincludedinthethesis.TheEnglishtranslationshallfollowtheoriginalcontentineachpart.ThesisThefollowinginformationshouldbeprintedsinglesidedandcenteredwithnormalmarginsonthepageasshowninAppendixI–ThesisCover:TitleofNameofDegree(ExpectedDegreeAwarding)UniversityNameofAcademicUniversityofTheformatmustbestrictlyfollowed.NopagenumbershouldappearonthethesisTitleThefollowinginformationshouldbeprintedsinglesidedandcenteredwithnormalmarginsonthepageasshowninAppendixII–TitlePage:ThesisNameofNameofNameofCo-supervisor(s)(ifNameofDepartment(ifDegree(ExpectedDegreeAwarding)AcademicUniversityofTheformatmustbestrictlyfollowed.NopagenumbershouldappearontheTitleTheAuthor’sRightnoticeshouldbeprintedsinglesided.Thetextshouldbecentered10cmfromthetopofthepage.Allofthetextshouldbecenteredonthelinewithnormalmargins.PleaserefertoAppendixIII–Author’sRight.Theformatmustbestrictlyfollowed.NopagenumbershouldappearonAuthor’sRightAcknowledgements acknowledgementofpreviouslycopyrightedmaterialshouldappearinthissection.Thetitle shouldbeinboldandcentered.The mustnotbemorethan350words.ThetitleDeclarationshouldbeinboldandcentered.Thefollowingdeclarationshouldbewritteninthesamelanguageasthethesis.EnglishIdeclarethatthethesisheresubmittedisoriginalexceptforthesourcematerialsexplicitlyacknowledgedandthatthisthesisasawhole,oranypartofthisthesishasnotbeenpreviouslysubmittedforthesamedegreeorforadifferentdegree.IalsoacknowledgethatIhavereadandunderstoodtheRulesonHandlingStudentAcademicDishonestyandtheRegulationsoftheStudentDisciplineoftheUniversityofMacau.Chinese聲本論文的全部或部分未曾在同一學位或其他學位中提交過。TableofThetableofcontentsshouldcontainthefollowingintheordershownAcknowledgementsListofTablesandGlossaryListofAbbreviationsMainText(theindividualWhenpresentingthechapters,chaptersectionsorsubchaptersshouldbeindented,asshownbelow:Chapter3ListofTableandThispageshouldlistallthetablesandfiguresintheGlossaryThispageshouldlistinalphabeticalorderallthespecializedandtechnicaltermsusedinthethesis,togetherwiththeirdefinitions.ListofAbbreviationsThispageshouldlistinalphabeticalorderalltheacronymsandotherabbreviationsusedinthethesis,togetherwiththeirdefinitions.MainThemaintextshouldbedividedintochaptersandeachchaptershouldbedividedintosections.Theintroductionmustincludethepotentialcontributionsofthestudyandastatementoforiginality.Thelistofreferencesorbibliographyshouldincludeallthereferencematerialsusedbytheauthor.EithertheMLAorAPAstyleshouldbeusedtopresentthelistofreferencematerials.Materialthatisrelatedto,butnotappropriatefor,inclusioninthetext,canbeplacedintheappendices.Theymustmeettheformattingrequirementsdescribedin.BindingofFortheoraldefence,paperbackbindingofthefinaldraftofthethesiscanbeusedforexaminationpurpose.Therevisedversionofthethesisuponsuccessfulcompletionoftheoraldefenceshouldbefirstsubmittedtotheacademicunitforcheckinganynecessaryrevisionsrequestedbytheexaminationcommittee.ItshallthenbesubmittedtotheGraduateSchoolforformatchecking.Thefinalversionmustbeproperlyboundindarkblueorblackhardcoverbindingwithgoldlettering.Thethesistitle,author’snameandtheyearmustappearonthespineofthethesis.Theacademicunitconcernedwillinformthestudentoftheexactnumberofcopiesoftheboundthesis(whichwillalsoincludecopiesfortheLibrary)andthesubmissiondeadline.Asoftcopyofthethesismustalsobesubmittedtotheacademicunitconcerned(PleaserefertoRequirementsforProducingThesisinDigitalFormat).Studentswhodonotsubmittherequirednumberofproperlyboundthesesandsoftcopyofthethesistotheacademicunitwillnotbeallowedtocollect,eventhoughtheirgraduationhasbeenapprovedbytheFordetailsaboutthesisbindingarrangement,pleasecontacttheGraduateProof-ReadingYourItisthestudent'sresponsibilitytoproofreadthewholethesistoensureitisfreefromtypographical,grammaticalandspellingerrors.Notetostudent:Rememberthatitisyourthesisandthatitspresentation,aswellasitscontent,reflectsuponyou allyandontheUniversity.Yoursupervisorwillreaddraftsofyourthesis(andisexpectedbytheUniversitytoreaditbeforesubmission)andprovidehelpwithmattersofexpressionandaccuracy,butyoucannotexpecthimorhertobesuchathoroughproofreaderasyoushouldbe:itisyourthesis.RequirementsforProducingThesisinDigitalDigitalmanuscriptsmustbesubmittedinbothAdobePDFandWordformatswithoutcompression