本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——英語四級考試試題及答案英語四級考試試題及答案

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Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Itisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybecommonforuniversityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthecommercialworld,thereisverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeenthebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeeltheycannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.Forsomeindustrialscientists,however,theattractionsofacademia學術(shù)界outweighanyfinancialconsiderations.

HelenLeetooka70%cutinsalarywhenshemovedfromaseniorpostinAbbottLaboratoriestoamedicaldepartmentattheUniversityofCambridge.Hermainreasonforreturningtoacademiamid-careerwastotakeadvantageofthegreaterfreedomtochooseresearchquestions.Someareasofinquiryhavefewprospectsofacommercialreturn,andLee’sisoneofthem.

Theimpactofasalarycutisprobablylesssevereforascientistintheearlystagesofacareer.GuyGrant,nowaresearchassociateattheUnileverCentreforMolecularInformaticsattheUniversityofCambridge,spenttwoyearsworkingforapharmaceutical制藥的companybeforereturningtouniversityasapost-doctoralresearcher.Hetooka30%salarycutbutfeltitworthwhileforthegreaterintellectualopportunities.

Higheruptheladder,whereapaycutisusuallymoresignificant,thedemandforscientistswithawealthofexperienceinindustryisforcinguniversitiestomakethetransition轉(zhuǎn)換toacademiamoreattractive,accordingtoLee.Industrialscientiststendtoreceivetrainingthatacademicsdonot,suchashowtobuildamultidisciplinaryteam,managebudgetsandnegotiatecontracts.Theyarealsowellplacedtobringsomethingextratotheteachingsideofanacademicrolethatwillhelpstudentsgetajobwhentheygraduate,saysLee,perhapsexperienceinmanufacturingpracticeorproductdevelopment.“Onlyasmallnumberofundergraduateswillcontinueinanacademiccareer.Sosomeoneleavinguniversitywhoalreadyhastheskillsneededtoworkinanindustriallabhasfarmorepotentialinthejobmarketthansomeonewhohasspentalltheirtimeonanarrowresearchproject.”

57.By“aone-waystreet”Line1,Para.1,theauthormeans________.

[A]universityresearchersknowlittleaboutthecommercialworld

[B]thereislittleexchangebetweenindustryandacademia

[C]fewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkinauniversity

[D]fewuniversityprofessorsarewillingtodoindustrialresearch

58.Theword“deterrent”Line2,Para.1mostprobablyreferstosomethingthat________.

[A]keepssomeonefromtakingaction[C]attractspeople’sattention

[B]helpstomovethetraffic[D]bringssomeoneafinancialburden

59.WhatwasHelenLee’smajorconsiderationwhenshechangedherjobinthemiddleofhercareer?

[A]Flexibleworkhours.[C]Herpreferenceforthelifestyleoncampus.

[B]Herresearchinterests.[D]Prospectsofacademicaccomplishments.

60.GuyGrantchosetoworkasaresearcheratCambridgeinorderto________.

[A]dofinanciallymorerewardingwork

[B]raisehisstatusintheacademicworld

[C]enrichhisexperienceinmedicalresearch

[D]exploitbetterintellectualopportunities

61.Whatcontributioncanindustrialscientistsmakewhentheycometoteachinauniversity?

[A]Increaseitsgraduates’competitivenessinthejobmarket.

[B]Developitsstudents’potentialinresearch.

[C]Helpittoobtainfinancialsupportfromindustry.

[D]Gearitsresearchtowardspracticalapplications.

參考答案：

57.Cfewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkinauniversity

推理題?！皁ne-waystreet”字面意思是“單行道”，含有只能從一個方向前進卻很難往相反方向前進的.意思，用了比喻用法。文章其次句就解釋說領(lǐng)略這個“one-waystreet”在文中的含義。大學里的學者去商界創(chuàng)業(yè)的現(xiàn)象不算稀奇，但是反過來就不怎么常見。所以選擇C選項。

58.Akeepssomeonefromtakingaction

推理題。“deterrent”有阻力物的意思。在文中需要通過上下文來理解。單詞前的意思是“薪水永遠是最大的…由于好多人覺得到大學里工作就會裁減工資，從而無法養(yǎng)家糊口?！睆暮竺姘刖?，我們可以推斷出deterrent的意思，所以選A選項。

59.BHerresearchinterests.

細節(jié)題。答案在Para3Line3可以找到。“Hermainreasonfor…totakeadvantageofthegreatfreedomtochooseresearchquestions.”說明HelenLee換行主要考慮到的是自己可以對比自由地選擇研究領(lǐng)域，即個人的研究興趣。所以選擇B選項。

60.Dexploitbetterintellectualopportunities

細節(jié)題。此題對比簡樸，在Para3結(jié)果一句“feltitworthwhileforthegreatintellectualopportunities”就可以找到答案。

61.AIncreaseitsgraduates’comp