初中英語名詞復數、語法大全初中英語名詞復數、語法大全初中英語名詞復數、語法大全資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語名詞復數、語法大全版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發布日期：初中英語名詞復數可數名詞有單數（SingularForm）和復數(PluralForm)兩種形式。表示一個人或物用單數形式，表示一個以上的人或物用復數形式。1．一般在詞尾加-s。s在濁輔音后面讀[z]，在清輔音后面讀[s]，在[t]后與[t]一起讀[ts]，在[d]后與[d]一起讀[dz]。例如：book—books書day—days天、日dog—dogs狗tree—trees樹2．以s，sh，ch，x結尾的詞在詞尾加-es，讀[iz]例如：glass—glasses玻璃杯watch—watches手表box—boxes盒子brush—brushes刷3．以o結尾的詞有些加-es，讀[z]；有些加-s，讀[s]。例如：tomato—tomatoes西紅柿potato—potatoes土豆photo—photos相片radio—radios收音機zoo—zoos動物園4．以f或fe結尾的詞，先把f改為v，再加–es，讀[vz]。例如：knife—knives小刀leaf—leaves樹葉life—lives生命thief—thieves小偷5．以輔音字母加y結尾的，先把y改為i，再加-es，讀[z]。例如：story—stories故事city—cities城市family—families家庭baby—babies嬰兒注意：boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具key—keys鑰匙6．有些名詞有不規則的復數形式。例如：man—men男人woman—women婦女tooth—teeth牙齒foot—feet腳7．有些名詞的單復數形式相同。例如；deer—deer鹿sheep—sheep綿羊Chinese—Chinese中國人Japanese—Japanese日本人8．有些學科名詞雖以s結尾，但通常都做單數名詞看待。例如：physics物理maths數學politics政治news新聞9．有些單數形式的名詞具有復數的含義，要當作復數看待。例如：people人們，人民police警察public公眾練習一、寫出下列名詞的復數形式。

movie

life

knife

fryleaf

photo

radio

piao

zootomato

potato

bus

watch

box

bookmap

catfilm

door

month

horse

picture

classboy

toothwoman

eye

tooth

German

Chineseman

footballchild

classroom

monkey

Frenchman二、

選擇填空：1.Therearesome________onthehill.A.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepes2.MrBlackoftengivesus________byEmail.A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformation3.Therearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyare____books.A.childB.childrens'C.childrenD.children's4.Ihavewornoutmyshoes,soIwanttobuyanew________.A.pairB.oneC.onesD.trousers5.Meimei'shandwritingisbetterthananyother______inhisclass.A.studentsB.studentsC.student'sD.students'6.Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.It'sabout_______.A.fortyminutes'swalkB.fortyminute'swalkC.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes'walk7.Howmany_____arethereinyourclassA.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian8.Ifoundmyblackcatin_____room.A.JimandMikeB.JimandMike'sC.Jim'sandMike'sD.Jim'sandMike9.Howmucharethe_____A.breadB.meats.C.potatosD.tomatoes10.Therearemany______inourschool.A.womanteachersB.woman'steachersC.womenteachersD.women'steachers11.Threemonths________alongtimeforme.A.isB.areC.haveD.has12.Thereare______and______onthetable.A.twoboxescake;fourbottleoforangesB.twoboxescake;fourbottleoforangeC.twoboxesofcakes;fourbottlesoforangeD.twoboxofcakes;fourbottlesoforanges三、

選擇填空：[1].They

are________

A:man

doctor

B:men

doctors

C:men

doctor

D:man

doctors

[2]There

are

five_____

in

the

hill.

A:sheep

B:sheeps

C:

goose

D:deers

[3]

Those

white

socks____small.

A:are

B:is

C:

am

D:do

[4]We

have

many_____in

our

school.

A:woman

teacher

B:women

teachers

C:

woman

teachers

D:women

teacher

[5]Do

you

like

_____

A:vegetable

B:

vegetables

C:an

vegetable

[6]How

many_____do

they

have

A:picture

B:

pictures

C:a

picture

[7]There

are

six

____in

the

room.

A:volleyball

B:volleyballs

C:a

volleyball

D:volleyballs

[8]Are

these

____teachers

A:woman

B:women

C:womans

[9]It

is

____.

A:milk

B:a

milk

C:an

molk

D:milks

[10]It’s

a

____.It

isn’t

an

____.

A:apple,

egg

B;cake,egg

C:egg,orange,

D:egg,cake

[11]Tom

and

Jim

are

___.

A:friends

B:friend

C:brother

D:sister

[12]Where

are

his

____

___the

dresser.

A:keys

,They

are

on

B:key,

They

are

on

C:keys,

It

is

at

D:key,It

is

in

[13]Are

those

your

____

A:bookes

B:boxs

C:apples

D:apple

[14]There

is

____in

our

room.

A:a

picture

and

five

maps

B:five

maps

and

a

picture

C:two

pictures

and

five

maps

D:

two

picture

and

five

map初中英語語法大全一、名詞的數我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞，而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式，但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分，復數的構成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o結尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿,potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）單復數相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有復數，沒有單數的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數也可以是復數的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學,family家，家庭成員九）合成的復數一般只加主要名詞，多數為后一個單詞。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的單復數意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類,paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文,work工作works作品，工廠,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數,chicken雞肉chickens小雞十一）單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen二、名詞的格1．當我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下：一）單數在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s二）復數以s結尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如：Teachers’Day教師節,classmates’;Children’sDay六一節,Women’sDay三八節三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如：MikeandBen’sroom邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike’sandBen’srooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）2．代詞項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性第一人稱單數Imemyminemyself復數weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數youyouyouryoursyourself復數youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself復數theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3．動詞A）第三人稱單數當動詞是第三人稱單數時，動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s，如下：一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o結尾加es。如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）現在分詞當我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構成如下：一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重讀閉音節結尾且一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4．形容詞的級我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下：一）一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二）以重讀閉音節結尾且1個元音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewerfewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest三）以輔音字母＋y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠)good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5．數詞(基變序，有規則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y結尾，變為i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、句式1.陳述句肯定陳述句a)Thisisabook.(be動詞)b)Helooksveryyoung.(連系動詞)c)Iwantasweatlikethis.(實義動詞)d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情態動詞)e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe結構)否定陳述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)Katedoesn’tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan’tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.3.疑問句1)一般疑問句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou

c)Doesshelikesaladd)DotheywatchTVe)Isshereading肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.2)選擇疑問句Isthetablebigorsmall回答It’sbig./It’ssmall.3)特殊疑問句①問年齡HowoldisLucy

Sheistwelve.

②問種類Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.③問身體狀況Howisyouruncle?Heiswell/fine.④問方式Howdo/canyouspellit?L-doubleO-K.HowdowecontactyouMye-mailaddressiscindyjones@163.com.⑤問原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub

⑥問時間What’sthetime(=Whattimeisit)It’saquartertotena.m..Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,RickAtfiveo’clock.WhendoyouwanttogoLet’sgoat7:00.⑦問地方Where’smybackpack?It’sunderthetable.⑧問顏色Whatcolorarethey

Theyarelightblue.What’syourfavouritecolor?It’sblack.⑨問人物Who’sthat?It’smysister.WhoistheboyinblueMybrother.Whoisn’tatschoolPeterandEmma.WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto⑩問東西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)

It’sapencilcase.Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.（11）問姓名What’syouraunt’sname

HernameisHelen./She’sHelen.What’syourfirstnameMyfirstname’sBen.What’syourfamilyname?Myfamilyname’sSmith.12問哪一個Whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.13問字母Whatletterisit?It’sbigD/smallf.14問價格HowmucharethesepantsThey’re15dollars.15問電話號碼What’syourphonenumber?It’s576-8349.16問謂語(動作)What’shedoing?He’swatchingTV.17問職業(身份)Whatdoyoudo?I’mateacher.What’syourfather?He’sadoctor.三、時態1、一般現在時表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時，它有：Be動詞：She’saworker.IssheaworkerSheisn’taworker.情態動詞：Icanplaythepiano.CanyouplaythepianoIcan’tplaythepiano.行為動詞：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.DotheywanttoeatanytomatoesTheydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatchGinadoesn’thaveawatch.2、現在進行時表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態，結構為sbbev-ingsth+其它。They’relisteningtothepopmusic.AretheylisteningthepopmusicTheyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic.A）名詞的數我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞，而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式，但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分，復數的構成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,