2021屆巴蜀中學新高考英語語法考前沖刺講義主謂一致基本用法總結（含例題與解析）★語法一致★經典習題1.EverybodyexceptLilyandLucy

therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.was B.is C.are D.were2.There

lotsofraininthisareainJulyeveryyear．A.are B.is C.was D.were3.Doingexerciseeveryday

oneofthemostusefulwaystokeephealthy.A.were B.was C.are D.iskey：1-3ABD考點點撥語法一致是指主語和謂語動詞在語法形式上保持一致，即主語是單數形式時，謂語動詞也用單數形式；主語是復數形式時，謂語動詞也用復數形式。★謂語動詞用單數形式有以下幾種情況：1.主語為單數可數名詞或代詞、不可數名詞；2.something,anything,nothing,everyone,anybody,nobody等不定代詞作主語；3.動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作主語；4.“each/every/either+名詞”作主語。★謂語動詞用復數形式有以下幾種情況：1.主語為可數名詞復數或代詞復數形式；2.用and和both…and…連接并列主語。★當主語后面有with,togetherwith,including,besides,except,aswellas等時，謂語動詞的單復數形式應與主語的單復數形式一致。★意義一致★經典習題1.—Idon’tknowhowmuchthetrousers

.I’mafraidIdon’thaveenoughmoney.—Don’tworry.Fiftydollars

enough.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are2.—Doyouneedmoretimetofinishthejob?—Yes.Anotherfivedays

enough.A.were B.was C.are D.is3.TheGreenfamily

allmusical.Theylikesingingverymuch.

A.is B.are C.wasD.werekey：1-3CDB考點點撥意義一致即謂語的單復數形式要視主語所表達的單復數概念而定。★表示時間、距離、價格、度量等的復數名詞、詞組作主語時，一般被看作一個整體，謂語動詞常用單數；★集體名詞，如family,team,group,class等被看作整體時，謂語動詞用單數；強調其中每一個成員時，謂語動詞用復數。補充謂語動詞的形式依據主語表示的意義決定。(1)集體名詞，如：family,class,group.team,club,company,government,population等作主語時，謂語動詞的形式根據其在語境中表示的意義而定。表示集體意義，強調整體概念時，謂語動詞用單數；表示集體中各個組成部分，強調個體概念時，用復數。如：Herfamily

is

notverylarge,but

thefamily

are

allliteraturelovers.(2)what,which,some,most,all,any,half,none,therest等作主語時，謂語動詞的形式要依據它們在句中表示的意義而定。如：Tellme

which

is

yourroomand

which

are

theirs.(3)"the+形容詞/分詞”表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復數。

Theold

inthenurseringhome

were

lookedaftercarefully.這家養老院的老人得到了精心的照料。

4）anumberof和thenumberof的區別：

結構

含義謂語形式a

numberof，+名詞/代詞作主語“很多”，相當于

“many”

復數thenumberof,"numbr"為中心詞，+名詞/代詞作主語“......的數量”

單數“avarietof"和"agroup

of"修飾的名詞作主語時“多種多樣的”和"一群，一組"

復數

"thevarietof"和'thegroupof"修飾的名詞作主語時，"......的種類"和“......的群體/小組”

單數例如：a.Anumberof

foreigners

have

visitedtheoldvillage.

很多外國人參觀過這個村莊。

b.Thenumberof

peoplewhodiedfromthedisease

is

increasing.死于這種疾病的人數在日益增加。c.There

are

avarietof

toysintheshop這家商店有各種各樣的玩具。d.Thevarietof

booksinthebookstore

is

richenoughformetochoosefrom.對我來說，這家書店的書種類足夠豐富供我挑選。★就近一致★經典習題1.NotonlyJulietbutalsoEmily

playingbasketball,sotheyoftenplaytogetheronweekends.

A.like B.liked C.likes D.liking2.Don’tworry.There

enoughwater,breadandvegetablesinthefridge.

A.have

B.are

C.is D.has3.NeitherMarynorI

interestedinmovies.Webothlikereading.A.are B.am C.is D.bekey：1-3CCB考點點撥就近一致即謂語動詞的單復數形式取決于最靠近它的主語的單復數形式。★用neither…nor…,

either…or…,notonly…butalso…等連接的并列主語，謂語的單復數形式與鄰近的主語的單復數形式相一致；★在therebe句型中,be動詞的單復數形式要與其鄰近的主語的單復數形式保持一致。補充1)or,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...,either...or...,not...but...等連接并列主語時，通常根據就近一致的原則，謂語動詞要與離它最近的主語在人稱和數上保持一致。如：a.Neitherherteachernor

I

am

notabletostophertoleaveschool.b.Nothisparentsbut

he

hopes

toseethefilm.2)在therebe句型中，如果有兩個或兩個以上的主語時，謂語動詞要與離它最近的主語在人稱和數上保持一致。如：There

are

somebooks,arulerandapencilcaseonthedesk.★即時操練★1.Mr.Liwithhiswifeandsonoften

skiinginwinter.A.go

B.goes C.going D.went

2.There

lotsofsheepandducksonmygrandpa’sfarmnow.A.is B.are C.were D.was3.—InFinland,twothirdsofthearea

coveredwithgreentrees.—Yes.Andmostofthem

welllookedafter.

A.are;is B.is;are C.are;are D.is;is4.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch?—Idon’tmind.Eithernoodlesorrice

OK.A.was B.are