2020-2021最新高考英語閱讀理解復習題 （及答案 ）一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解ToensureanexcellentexperienceduringyourtouroftheMarkTwainHouse,herearesomeguidelinesandgeneralinformation:TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.Toensureanoptimum（最佳）experience,housetoursarelimitedto14people,first-come,first-served.Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit.Ifyouhaveapartyoffewerthan10peoplefeelfreetopurchaseticketsonline:WewillholdthematWillCall.Thetourscheduleisusuallyonlineaboutamonthinadvance.OursiteismadeupofthreebuildingsTheWebsterBankMuseumCenterattheMarkTwainHouse&Museumisalwaysyourfirstandlaststopasithousesourticketcounter,museumstore,film,exhibitsandcafe.AlltoursgatherinthemuseumcenterbeforeheadingovertoMarkTwain'shistoric1874home.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic.Thehayloft（干草棚）hasbeenrepurposedintoofficesandthemainfloorofthebarnisaspaceavailableforrentforpartiesandmeetings.Coupons&DiscountsTheMarkTwainHouseoffersonlyafewcouponsanddiscounts.ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture.Ifyouareluckyenoughtofindoneofthosespecialoffersonlineoratyourlocallibrary,keepinmindtheyaregoodonlyforthegeneralMarkTwainHouseTours.Nopassesordiscountsmaybeappliedtoourspecialtytours.（1）Whatkindoftourbookedbeforehandenjoysadiscount?A.Specialtytour.B.GuidedtourC.Grouptourwith9people.D.Grouptourwith13people.（2）Whichplaceisnotavailabletotourists?A.TheWebsterBankMuseumCenter.B.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouse.C.Thehayloft.D.MarkTwain'shistoric1874home.（3）Whatisthepurposeofchargingadmissionfees?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Towellpreservethehouse.C.TosupportMarkTwain'sfamily.D.Toofferpartiesandmeetings.【答案】（1）DBB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了參觀馬克 吐溫故居的指南和信息。1）考查推理判斷。根據 TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.部分中的"Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit."可知，如果您的團體人數超過 10人，請在您參觀之前致電（860）280-3130預訂折扣的團體游，可知，13人旅行團提前預定可以享受折扣，故選D。2）考查細節理解。根據 Oursiteismadeupofthreebuildings部分中的"MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic."可知，馬克吐溫的馬車屋是不對游客開放的，故選 B。3）考查細節理解。根據 Coupons&Discounts部分中的"ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture."可知，你們的入場費用幫助我們保持這個美國標志性建筑 ——馬克吐溫故居的美麗，可知，收取入場費的目的是保護好馬克吐溫故居，故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解GarbagesortinghasbecomeahotissuearoundChina,especiallyafterShanghaibegancarryingoutaregulationonJuly1.Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.Thecapitalofthecountryhaslongbeencampaigningforsortingandrecyclinghouseholdwaste,aspartofitsenvironmentaldriveforsustainablegrowth,localmediareported.Thecurrentregulationgivesgarbagesortingresponsibilitiestogovernmentdepartments,propertymanagementgroupsandotherorganizations.Italsogivesrulesforcompanies,outlininghowthey'reresponsibleforwastecollection,transportationandtreatment.Onlyindividualsarenotsubjecttoresponsibilities.Thelong-awaitedrevisionwillsoonchangethesituation,"Takingoutthetrashwithoutsortingitproperlywillbeillegal,"saidSunXinjun,directoroftheBeijingCommissionofUrbanManagement.InShanghai,violatorsarenowfinedupto200yuan（$30）fortrash-sortingviolations.ThemaximumfineinBeijingwillnotbelessthanthat,hesaid.TheBeijingcitygovernmentfirstsetouttopromotegarbagesortingin2009.Authoritieshavesincecalledoncitizenstosorttheirhouseholdwasteintofourtypes-recyclablewaste,kitchentrash,dangerouswasteandothers-andleaveitinacorrespondingdustbinortrashcan.Bluecoloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,greenrepresentskitchentrash,redcorrespondstodangerousmaterialsandgreytootherwaste.Topromotetheawarenessofgarbagesortingandexpandthebaseofparticipants,authoritieshaveemployedworkerstohelpresidentsonthespot.Withintelligentdevices,thosewhothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillberewardedwithbonuspoints,whichcanbeusedtobuydailygoods.Atsomecommunities,therearenocolor-codeddustbins.Instead,ascheduledgarbagecollectionserviceisofferedtohelpimprovetheenvironment.Inothercommunities,workersofferadoor-to-doorservicetocollectrecyclablesorkitchenwaste.BeijingEnvironmentalSanitationEngineeringGrouphasbeenpromotingnewgarbagesortingfacilitiessuchasrecyclingcabinetsandsmartkitchenwastetrashcanssince2016,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.Nearly26,000metrictonsofhouseholdwasteisgeneratedacrossBeijingonadailybasisand29terminalgarbagedisposalfacilitiesareworkingatfullcapacity.Nearly9.3milliontonsofhouseholdwastewasprocessedinthecitylastyear.Accordingtothepassage,whichdustbinsshouldsomeusedcokecansbethrowninto?A.Grey-coloreddustbins. B.Red-coloreddustbins.C.Green-coloreddustbins. D.Blue-coloreddustbins.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.newtechnologyhasbeenappliedtohelpdealwithgarbageBeijingcarriedoutamoresevereruleongarbagesortingthanShanghaithechangeofthecurrentregulationhasarousedobjectionamongcitizenstheamountofhouseholdwasteinBeijingisfarfromsomethingdisturbingWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoSortGarbageinChinaB.TheCurrentRegulationinBeijingC.GarbageCollectioninBeijingD.WasteRecyclingProjectCountsThepassagecanbesortedas.A.abookreviewB.atravelbrochureC.anenvironmentreportD.ageographyessay【答案】(1)D⑵ACC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了垃圾分類在北京的實施情況。(1)考查細節理解。根據倒數第三段中的 "Bluecoloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,可知，藍色垃圾箱裝的是可回收垃圾，而用過的可樂罐屬于可回收垃圾，應投入藍色垃圾箱內，故選Do(2)考查細節理解。根據倒數第二段中的 "Withintelligentdevices,thosewhothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillberewardedwithbonuspoints可知，有了智能設備；那些將垃圾投入到指定垃圾箱的市民將獲得獎勵積分，由此可知，新技術已應用于幫助處理垃圾，故選Ao(3)考查主題大意。通讀全文，特別是根據第二段中的 "Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.可知，本文主要介紹了垃圾分類在北京的實施情況，故選C(4)考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹的是垃圾分類在北京的實施情況，這屬于環保話題，因此文章可能是一份環境報告，故選Co【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇環保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節信息的基礎上，同時根據上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀理解Thenewsocialrobots,includingJibo,Cozmo,KuriandMeccanoM.A.X.,bearsomeresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'sSiri,buttheserobotscomewithsomethingmore.Theyaredesignedtowinusovernotwiththeirsmartsbutwiththeirpersonality.Theyaresoldascompanionsthatdomorethantalktous.Timemagazinehailed（稱贊）therobotsthat"couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractwithmachines."Butisreshapinghowweinteractwithmachinesagoodthing,especiallyforchildren?Someresearchersinfavoroftherobotsdon'tseeaproblemwiththis.Peoplehaverelationshipswithmanykindsofthings.Somesayrobotsarejustanotherthingwithwhichwecanhaverelationships.Tosupporttheirargument,roboticistssometimespointtohowchildrendealwithtoydolls.Childrenanimate（賦予??生命）dollsandturnthemintoimaginaryfriends.Jibo,inasense,willbeonemoreimaginaryfriend,andarguablyamoreintelligentandfunone.Gettingattachedtodollsandsociablemachinesisdifferent,though.Today'srobotstellchildrenthattheyhaveemotions,friendships,evendreamstoshare.Inreality,thewholegoaloftherobotsisemotionaltrickery.Forinstance,Cozmotherobotneedstobefed,repairedandplayedwith.BorisSofman,thechiefexecutiveofAnki,thecompanybehindCozmo,saysthattheideaistocreate"adeeperanddeeperemotionalconnection...Andifyouneglecthim,youfeelthepainofthat."Whatisthepointofthis,exactly?Whatdoesitmeantofeelthepainofneglectingsomethingthatfeelsnopainatbeingneglected,ortofeelangeratbeingneglectedbysomethingthatdoesn'tevenknowitisneglectingyou?Thisshouldnotbeouronlyconcern.Itistroublingthattheserobotstrytoempathizewithchildren.Empathyallowsustoputourselvesintheplaceofothers,toknowwhattheyarefeeling.Robots,however,havenoemotionstoshare,andtheycannotputthemselvesinourplace.Nomatterwhatroboticcreatures"say"orsqueak,theydon'tunderstandouremotionallives.Theypresentthemselvesasempathymachines,buttheyaremissingtheessentialequipment.Theyhavenotbeenborn,theydon'tknowpain,ordeath,orfear.Robotthinkingmaybethinking,butrobotfeelingisneverfeeling,androbotloveisneverlove.Whatisalsotroublingisthatchildrentakerobots'behaviortoindicatefeelings.Whentherobotsinteractwiththem,childrentakethisasevidencethattherobotslikethem,andwhenrobotsdon'tworkwhenneeded,childrenalsotakeitpersonally.Theirrelationshipswiththerobotsaffecttheirself-esteem（自尊）.Inonestudy,an8-year-oldboyconcludedthattherobotstoppedtalkingtohimbecausetherobotlikedhisbrothersbetter.Forsolong,wedreamedofartificialintelligenceofferingusnotonlysimplehelpbutconversationandcare.Nowthatourdreamisbecomingreal,itistimetodealwiththeemotionaldownsideoflivingwithrobotsthat"feel."（1）HowarethenewsocialrobotsdifferentfromSiri?Theyareintendedtoteachchildrenhowtotalk.Theyaredesignedtoattractpeoplewiththeirsmarts.Theirmainfunctionistoevaluatechildren'spersonality.Theyhaveanewwaytocommunicatewithhumanbeings.InParagraph3Cozmoisusedasanexampletoshowthatthesocialrobots.aredeeplyconnectedwithhumanbeingsareunabletobuildarealrelationshipwithchildrenaresoadvancedthattheycanfeelthepainofhumanbeingsarenotgoodenoughtocarryouttheinstructionsofchildrenTheunderlinedphrase"essentialequipment"inParagraph4refersto.A.emotion B.pain C.fear D.thinkingWhichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點)C:ConclusionC. D.【答案】(1)D⑵BAB【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇議論文，新的社交機器人與以往機器人不同，他們不僅比我們聰明還有他們的個性。時代周刊稱它徹底改變了我們與機器互動的方式。但是對這種改變有的科學家贊同而有很多人也很擔憂。(1)考查推理判斷。根據第一段中 的‘Thenewsocialrobots,includingJibo,Cozmo,KuriandMeccanoM.A.X.,bearsomeresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'sSiri,buttheserobotscomewithsomethingmore.”可知，新的社交機器人與像蘋果的 Siri這樣的助理有相同之處，但比它們有更多功能；再根據第一段中的 "Timemagazinehailed(稱贊)therobotsthat"couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractwithmachines.可知：社交機器人徹底改變了我們與機器互動的方式，可以推知以一種新的方式與人們交流互動。故選Do(2)考查推理判斷。 Cozmo是第三段的舉例，舉例肯定是用來證明本段或者其前邊的觀點的。本段的中心是"Gettingattachedtodollsandsociablemachinesisdifferent,though.與洋娃娃相處與與社交機器相處是不同的；再根據第三段中的 "Whatdoesitmeantofeelthepainofneglectingsomethingthatfeelsnopainatbeingneglected,ortofeelangeratbeingneglectedbysomethingthatdoesn'tevenknowitisneglectingyou? 你覺得忽略了機器人而難受，但是機器人并不會感覺被忽略，或者你感覺機器人冷落了你而難受但是機器人根本不知道它冷落了你，這些意味著什么呢？可知，社交機器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故選 Bo(3)考查詞義猜測。根據第四段中的 "Theyhavenotbeenborn,theydon'tknowpain,ordeath,orfear.Robotthinkingmaybethinking,butrobotfeelingisneverfeeling,androbotloveisneverlove.可知，社交機器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交機器人的思維可能是在想，但是他們的感覺從來不是感覺，他們的愛也從來不是愛。這句話是證明劃線單詞所在句子的論點的，他們是會同情的機器，但是他們缺少感情，導致他們所謂的感情是假的。所以劃線單詞詞意為f#感。故選A。(4)考查篇章結構。分析文章內容，第一段提出觀點：社交機器人改變了我們與機器互動的方式。第二段提出一些支持這一改變的專家的想法，第三段提出一些人對這一改變的擔憂，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分別是這些人的三點擔憂。最后一段總結這一趨勢面臨的現狀。所以文章提出觀點后，分為支持和反對兩個觀點，反對方面又列出了三點擔憂，最后一段總結。故選Bo【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和篇章結構三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解Theterm"smilingdepression"—appearinghappytootherswhileactuallysufferingdepressivesymptoms—hasbecomeincreasinglypopular.Infact,manypeoplewhoexperiencealowmoodandalossofpleasureinactivitiesmanagetohidetheirconditioninthisway.Andthesepeoplemightbeparticularlyeasytosuicide.Whilesmilingdepressionisnotatechnicaltermthatpsychologistsuse,itiscertaintobedepressedandmanagetosuccessfullymaskthesymptoms.Theclosesttechnicaltermforthisconditionis"atypicaldepression:Itcanbeveryhardtospotpeoplesufferingdepressionbecausetheymayseemliketheydon'thaveareasontobesad-theyhaveajob,anapartmentandmaybeevenchildrenorapartner.Theysmilewhenyougreetthemandcancarrypleasantconversations.Inshort,theyoftenputonamasktotheoutsideworldwhileleadingseeminglynormalandactivelives.Inside,however,theyoftenfeelhopelessanddown,sometimesevenhavingthoughtsaboutendingitall.Peoplewithsmilingdepressionputonahappyfacetotheoutsideworld,buttheycanexperiencealiftintheirmoodasaresultofpositiveoccurrencesintheirlives.Othersymptomsofthisconditionincludeovereating,feelingasenseofheavinessinthearmsandlegsandbeingeasilyhurtbycriticismorrejection.Theyarealsomorelikelytofeeldepressedintheeveningandfeeltheneedtosleeplongerthanusual.Withotherformsofdepression,however,yourmoodmightbeworseinthemorningandyoumightfeeltheneedforlesssleepthanyouarenormallyusedto.Sohowcantheybreakthiscircle?Astartingpointneedstobeknownthatthisconditionactuallyexistsandthatit'sserious.Onlywhenwestopignoringourproblemsbecausewethinkthey'renotseriousenoughcanwestartmakinganactualdifference.Thenwecanfindpurposebytakingtheattentionawayfromourselvesandplacingitontosomethingelse.Feelingthatourlivesmatterisfinallywhatgivesuspurposeandmeaning-andthiscanmakeasignificantdifferenceforourmentalhealthandwell-being.Whatdoweknowaboutpeoplesufferingsmilingdepression?A.Theyarewearingmasksallday. B.Theyaredifficulttogetalongwith.C.Theyleadanabnormallifeactually. D.Mostofthemcommitsuicide.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"atypical"inparagraph2mean?A.representative B.common C.hidden D.formalComparedwithsmilingdepression,peoplesufferingotherdepressions.A.mayfeelsleeplessB.feelmoredepressedintheeveningC.aretiredofheavinessinthearmsD.mayeatmorefoodWhatcanwedotoovercomesmilingdepression?A.Nevertalkaboutsmilingdepressionandignoreitsexistence.B.Admittheconditionandpayattentiontoourselves.C.Valuetheimportanceofourlifeandenjoyit.D.Findouttheproblemandplaceitontosomebodyelse.【答案】(1)CCAC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了 微笑抑郁”這個名字的來歷，相關的癥狀，以及克服這種抑郁癥的方法。(1)考查細節理解。根據第二段中的 "Inshort,theyoftenputonamasktotheoutsideworldwhileleadingseeminglynormalandactivelives.Inside,however,theyoftenfeelhopelessanddown,sometimesevenhavingthoughtsaboutendingitall. 可知有這種癥狀的人總是表現出正常的一面，而事實上他們的內心很失落和絕望，有時甚至想要結束生命。故選 Co(2)考查詞義猜測。根據第二段中的 "Itcanbeveryhardtospotpeoplesufferingdepressionbecausetheymayseemliketheydon'thaveareasontobesad-theyhaveajob,anapartmentandmaybeevenchildrenorapartner.可知這種癥狀很難被發現，因為患者表面上過著正常的生活，故推測劃線部分的意思事 難以發現的/隱藏的"。故選Co(3)考查細節理解。根據第三段中的 "Withotherformsofdepression,however,yourmoodmightbeworseinthemorningandyoumightfeeltheneedforlesssleepthanyouarenormallyusedto.可知有其它抑郁癥狀的人會在早上感覺情緒低落，和平時相比睡覺更少。故選 Ao(4)考查細節理解。根據最后一段中的 "Feelingthatourlivesmatterisfinallywhatgivesuspurposeandmeaning-andthiscanmakeasignificantdifferenceforourmentalhealthandwell-being.可知感覺我們的生活的重要性，這最終給了我們目標和意義一一這對我們的心理健康和幸福感會產生重大影響。故選 C。【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和詞義猜測和兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文進行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。5.閱讀理解In1963,atage65,mygrandfather,Erwin,decidedtobuildanewhouse.Hewasn'tquitesurewhattodowiththeoldhousesinceitsatwherethenewhousewouldbe.Hefinallyhiredapowerfulvehicletopushitfaroutintoasmallgroupoftrees.Thatoldhousesitstheretothisveryday.Erwinandhiswife,Elida,passedaway,andIpurchasedthefarmfromtheirestate.MywifeandIraisedoursonsonthisplaceandhavelivedhereformorethan30years.Whenwefirstmovedin,mywifetookonelookatthedesertedhouseanddeclareditahiddendanger.Iagreedandplannedonalargebonfire.ButIthoughtitappropriatetocheckoutthehousefirst,justincasesomethingofworthhadbeenleftbehind.Iwalkedthroughthetallgrassinthemeadowwheretheoldhousesat.Timehadwornitout.Theentrancefloorhadfallendownonitselfandmostofthewindowsweregone.Weenteredthroughanopenwindow. (T)_Herelaytheremindersofmygrandparents'lives:abrokenchair,someoldclothes...Butthethingthatdrewmyeyewasacardboardboxstuffedwithpapers.Idugthroughitscontentsandwasinstantlytransportedbackintime.Therewasataxreturnfrom1957.Greetingcardsfromoldfriendsandrelatives,nowalldeadandgone.Anuncle'sthird-gradespellingbook.Sosweetwerethememoriesthatthe01dhousewassparedthetorch.Aswehurriedthroughourlives,myvisitsgrewinfrequent.Imightcatchaglimpseofthehousethroughthetreesandrememberedhow,asachild,Iwouldstruggletowalkinmyfather'sfootprints.Eventhen,Icouldimaginenonoblercallingthanfarming,justlikeDad.Then,oneAprilmorning,myfatherwasfelledbyamassiveheartattack,atage68.Theentirefamilywasshockedbyhispassing,nonemorethanme.WhyIvisitedthatoldhouseonadayshortlyaftermyfather'sfuneralisstillbeyondme.Itwasasthoughitwerecalling;eventhetreesseemedtowhisperaninvitationtocome,tovisit,tostayawhile.②AsIstoodonceagainonthatancientfloor,myeyewasdrawntoapileofpapersonthefloor.Anenvelope,yellowedwithage,layontop.Abluestampontheenveloperead"PassedbyNavalCensor"HowcouldIhavemissedthistreasure?MyfatherhadservedaboardtheUSSWashingtonduringWorldWarIIandhadwrittenhomewheneverhecould.Mygrandmothersavedallofhisletters.Iremovedonelettercarefullyfromitsenvelope. 薊ItwasdatedSeptember1944.MyfatherwouldhavebeensomewhereintheSouthPacificatthattimeandallof18yearsold.Tstudiedthefamiliarhandwriting.Dadwonderedhowthecomharvesthadbeen.Hesupposedthathisyoungestbrotherwasstartingfirstgradeandimaginedthathewasbecomingquitethelittleman.Heaskedhismothertogreeteveryoneandsaidthathemissedthemall.Itwasn'thardtoreadbetweenthelines.Herewasahomesickyoungman,akidreally,whohadspenthisentirelifelivinguponaseaofflatlandgrass.Nowhewasonadifferentkindofsea,anoceanthatwasbeingdisturbedbythethunderandthelightningofaworldatwar.Atthebottomofthepage,myfatherhadpassedononelastmessage.TearsburnedmyeyesasIreadthosewordshehadsocarefullyemphasized:"Alliswellhere.Pleasedon'tworry.Iamdoingfine."AsIlefttheoldhousethatday,Itookonelastglancebackatitovermyshoulder.Idon'tcarewhatanyonethinks,Idecided.Thatoldhousegetstostaythereuntilitrotsintotheearth.Whydidthewritervisitthelongforgottenhouse?A.Hehadtoensurehisfamily'ssafety. B.Thereweresomeantiquesinside.C.Hewantedtosortvaluablestuff. D.Hiswifeaskedhimtocheckitout.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3impliesthat .A.theshabbyhouseprovedofgreatuse B.thehouseheldhischildhoodmemoriesC.thewritercouldnoterasegrandpa'spast D.thewriterfinallygaveuptheinitialplanWheredoesthefollowingsentencefitinbest?"IfeltasthoughIhadsteppedintoatimecapsule."A.① B.② C.③ D.④WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Father'sdeathcausedadisastertothewriter'sfamily.Fatherhadastronginfluenceonthewriter'schildhood.C.ThewriterwantedtofindFather'slettersintheoldhouse.D.Thehousewastotallyforgottenbythewriter'sfamily.⑸DuringhisservingintheUSNavy,thewriter'sfathercouldbedescribedasA.ambitiousandenergetic B.proudandpatientconsiderateandhomesick D.confidentandhelpful(6)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.SavingGrandpa'sHome B.TreasuringOldStuffC.Grandpa,FatherandI D.LettersFromFather【答案】(1)C⑵DAB⑸C(6)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者本來要燒毀祖父的老房子，但卻在老房子里找到了父親在外打仗期間寫給家人的信，信里講述了作者父親對家人的關心以及流露出來的思鄉之情，最后作者放棄了燒毀房子的計劃。(1)考查細節理解。根據第二段中的 "ButIthoughtitappropriatetocheckoutthehouseTOC\o"1-5"\h\zfirst,justincasesomethingofworthhadbeenleftbehind.作者想要先去房子里看看還有什么值錢的留下來，故選 Co(2)考查句義猜測。第三段提到了許多與這個老房子相關的記憶；再根據第二段中的 ”Iagreedandplannedonalargebonfire. 作者在來老房子之前想要燒掉老房子，而在看過老房子之后才發現，老房子承載著美好的回憶，于是作者放棄了燒毀它的計劃。故選 Do（3）考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的 ”Weenteredthroughanopenwindow.表明作者進入“了房子；以及 ”Herelaytheremindersofmygrandparents'lives，房子里都是有關爺爺的東“西，感覺一下就把作者從現在拉回到了過去，就像是進入了時空艙一樣，故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據第四段中的 “Theentirefamilywasshockedbyhispassing,nonemorethanme”，作者父親在六十八歲時因為心臟病去世，整個家庭都非常的震驚，但誰也沒有作者那么難過，說明作者與父親之間的感情非常的深厚。故選 B。5）考查細節理解。根據第六段中的 “Heaskedhismothertogreeteveryoneandsaidthathemissedthemall.；以及第七段中的” ”Herewasahomesickyoungman,”和“hehadsocarefullyemphasized:"Alliswellhere.Pleasedon'tworry.Iamdoingfine."作者父親在信中關心了自己的弟弟，叫媽媽代自己向大家問好，字里行間都讓家人不要擔心自己，由此可見父親信中對家人的關心以及流露出來的思鄉之情。故選 C。6）考查主旨大意。根據第二段中的 “Iagreedandplannedonalargebonfire.作者本來準 ”備要把老房子燒掉的，但在老房子中發現了父親對這個家濃濃的愛，由此產生了深刻的羈絆；再根據最后一段中的“Thatoldhousegetstostaythereuntilitrotsintotheearth.要讓老房子一直待在那里，直到與世界交融在一起，說明作者最后是保留了老房子，即拯救了老房子。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，句義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。．閱讀理解ChinaandIndiaareleadersinimprovingglobal（全球的）treecover,anewstudybasedonNASAresearchshowed.Theytooka31.8%parttogetherofthetotalglobalnewleafareabetween2000and2017.Chinaplayedamajorrole,adding25%tothisincrease,andIndiaadded6.8%,followedbyCanadaandRussia.ThestudyintheNatureSustainabilityjournalshowsthatmorethan5.5millionsquarekilometersofgreenleafareawasaddedglobally.Since2000,therehasbeenafive-percentincreaseinglobalgreencover,itsaid."ThegreeningoverthelasttwentyyearsshowsanincreaseinleafareaonplantsandtreeswhichisaslargeastheareaoftheentireAmazonrainforest,"ChiChen,aBostonUniversityresearcherandleadofthestudytoldNatureSustainability.LargeplantationactivitiestoprotectforestsinChinacontributednearly42%tothecountry'sgreencover,andagricultureaddedanother32%.InIndia,82%oftheincreaseinleafareawasbecauseofagriculture."ChinaandIndiatakeupone-thirdofthegreening,butholdonlyninepercentoftheplanet'slandareacoveredingreenplants,"ChiChentoldNASAEarthObservatory."Thatisasurprisingfinding,consideringthelanddegradation（退化）incountrieswithlargepopulations."BostonUniversity'sresearchteamfirstdetectedanincreaseinglobalgreencoverinthe1990sbutwereunsureaboutwhatcontributedtotheincrease.Finally,withthehelpofNASA'sTerraandAquasatellitesresearch,theymanagedtofindouttheincreaseinleafcoverfromdifferentareasandplaces.Whichcountryincreasedthelargestpartofthenewleafarea?A.India B.China C.Canada D.RussiaForwhatpurposedidtheauthormentiontheAmazonrainforest?A.Toshowhowgreattheachievementwas. B.Toshowtheimportanceofrainforest.C.Toexplainwhatdifficultieswehavenow. D.Toexplainthereasonforincreasingforests.Accordingtoparagraphfour,thefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.ChinaandIndiahavelargepopulationsandlanddegradationproblemabout9%oftheplanet'sgreeningisinChinaandIndiaChinaandIndiaareleadingintheglobalgreencoverincreasetheleafcoverareainChinaandIndiaisstilllimitedifviewedglobally【答案】(1)B⑵A(3)B【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項新研究顯示，中國和印度在改善全球樹木覆蓋方面處于領先地位。同時中國和印度占了地球綠化面積的三分之一，但卻只占地球陸地面積的9%。考慮到人口眾多國家的土地退化，這是一個令人驚訝的發現。(1)考查細節理解。根據第二段中的 "Chinaplayedamajorrole,adding25%tothisincrease,andIndiaadded6.8%,followedbyCanadaandRussia.中'國扮演了主要的角色，增加了 25%,印度增加了6.8%,加拿大和俄羅斯緊隨其后。可知中國新增的森林面積最大。故選 Bo(2)考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的 "'ThegreeningoverthelasttwentyyearsshowsanincreaseinleafareaonplantsandtreeswhichisaslargeastheareaoftheentireAmazonrainforest,ChiChen,aBostonUniversityresearcherandleadofthestudytoldNatureSustainability.過去20年的綠化表明，植物和樹木的葉子面積增加了，相當于整個亞馬遜雨林的面積，"波士頓大學研究員、該研究的負責人陳馳告訴《自然 可持續性》雜志。可知作者提到了亞馬遜雨林，以表明這一成就是多么偉大。故選 Ao(3)考查細節理解。根據第四段中的 "'ChinaandIndiatakeuponehirdofthegreening,butholdonlyninepercentoftheplanet'slandareacoveredingreenplants,ChiChentoldNASAEarthObservatory.陳馳告訴美國國家航空航天局地球觀測站 ："中國和印度占了地球綠化面積的三分之一，但卻只占地球陸地面積的 9%。"可知B選項"大約9%的地球綠化發生在中國和印度"錯誤，故選Bo【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇環保類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。.閱讀理解Itstartedduringayogaclass.Shefeltastrangepullonherneck,afeelingcompletelyforeigntoher.Herfriendsuggestedsherushtotheemergencyroom.Itturnedoutthatshewashavingaheartattack.Shedidn'tsharesimilarsymptomswithsomeonewhowaslikelytohaveaheartattack.Sheexercised,watchedherplateanddidnotsmoke.Butonreviewinghermedicalhistory,Ifoundthathercholesterol(膽固醇)levelwassky-high.Shehadbeenprescribedacholesterol-loweringstatin（他汀）medication,butsheneverpickeduptheprescriptionbecauseofthescarythingsshehadreadaboutstatinsontheInternet.Shewasthevictimoffakemedicalnews.Whilemisinformationhasbeentheobjectofgreatattentioninpolitics,medicalmisinformationmightleadtoanincreaseindeaths.Asistruewithfakenewsingeneral,medicalliestendtospreadfurtherthantruthsontheInternet—andtheyhaveveryrealbadconsequences.Falsemedicalinformationcanalsoleadtopatientsexperiencinggreatersideeffectsthroughthe"noceboeffect（反安慰齊U效應）".Sometimespatientsbenefitfromanintervention（干預）simplybecausetheybelievetheywill—that'stheplaceboeffect（安慰劑效應）.Thenoceboeffectistheopposite.Patientscanexperienceharmfuleffectsbecausetheyanticipatethem.Thisisverytrueofstatins.Inblindedtrials,patientswhogetstatinsarenomorelikelytoreportfeelingmuscleachesthanpatientswhogetaplacebo.Yet,inclinicalpractice,accordingtoonestudy,almostafifthofpatientstakingstatinsreportsideeffects,leadingmanytodiscontinuethedrugs.Whatelseisonthefakenewshitlist?Asalways,vaccines（疫苗）.Fals