綜合試題綜合試題1I.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressions(10%(ⅰFromEnglishintoChinese1.manufacturedgoods制成品2.protectionistmeasures保護主義措施3.Securitiesexchange有價證券交易4.comparative比較5.GrossNationalProduct國民生產總值(ⅱFromChineseintoEnglish6.最惠國待遇mostfavorednationtreatment7.寬限期graceperiod8.不可以撤銷信用證irrevocableletterofcredit9.運輸單據documentofcarriage10.金邊債券gilt-edgedstocksⅡ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright(5%11.compulsorya.policytorestrictimports(d12.tradebarriersb.unitcostgettinglowwiththeincreasingofquantity.(ductsproducedwithefficiency(c14.tradetermsd.somethingmusthavebedone(e15.economicsofscale:e.traderulessetbyICC(bⅢ.MakebriefexplanationsofthefollowingtermsinEnglish(20%16.quotaAquotalimitstheimportsorexportsofacommodityduringagivenperiodoftime.17.PPPpurchasingpowerparity18.deregulationRemovingregulationsfromsth.19.infrastructureThebasicfacilities,cervices,andinstallationsneededforthefunctioningofacommunityorsociety,suchastransportationandcommunicationsystems,waterandpowerlines,andpublicinstitutionsincludingschools,postoffices,andprisons.20.indemnityCompensationforloss.Ⅳ.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithanappropriatewords(10%Differs,Which,predecessor,mechanism.Inonewords,one,permanent,services,settle,WorldBankInsteadofbeingamerereplacementofGATT,theWTO21differsfromits22predecessorinseveralprominentdimension.Firstly,asthenamesuggests,heGATTisonlyanagreement,ormoreexactlyaninterimsecretariat,23ratherthananorganizationentityinthetruesense,whileWTOisafull-fledged24permanentorganization.SecondlyWTOhasamuchbroadermandatepromotingtradeliberalizationofgoodsand25services.Thirdly,theWTOhasestablishedfargreaterenforcementpowersto26settletradefrictionsamongmembercountries,27whichiscalleddisputesettlement28mechanism.WTOhasbecome29oneofimportantthreeinternationaleconomicorganizations.Theotherstwoare30WorldBankandInternationalmonetaryFunds.Ⅴ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(25%31.及時庫存制源于日本,現在已經被很多國家企業采納。IntimeinventorysystemoriginatedinJapan,nowhasbeenadoptedbymanynationalenterprise.32.國際貿易中常見的運輸方式有水路、鐵路、公路、管道及航空運輸。Commonmodeoftransportationincludingwaterways,railways,highways,pipelinesandairtransportationininternationaltrade.33.證劵所起著兩種作用,它既是長期資本的融資市場,又是各類投資證劵的交易市場。Securitiesthatplaystworoles,bothaslong-termcapitalfinancingmarket,butalsoalltypesofinvestmentsecuritiestradingmarket.34.強制性的自動補償措施是聯合國貿易與發展會議解決發展中國家貿易條件惡化的重要方案。AutomaticcompensationmeasuresaremandatoryUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentdeterioratingtermsoftradeofdevelopingcountriestosolveanimportantprogram.35.外匯匯率有三種形式,即買入價、賣出價和中間價格。Foreignexchangerates,therearethreeforms,namelybuyingpriceandsellingpriceandthemedianprice.Ⅵ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%36.Economicglobalizationmeanstheworldismovingawayfromself-containednationaleconomiestowardaninterdependent,integratedglobaleconomicsystem.Thereexistmanyreasonsforit:firstly,governmentderegulationsandfallingtradebarriersmakeiteasiertosellinternationally,secondly,thetastesandpreferencesofconsumersareconvergingonsomeglobalnorm,thirdly,thedramaticallyrapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnologyisalsoanimperativedriver.Economicglobalizationhastwofacets,oneisglobalizationofproduction,theotherglobalizationofmarket.經濟全球化意味著世界正在從自給自足的國家經濟轉向相互依存和集成的全球經濟體系。這種情況的出現存在著很多的原因:首先,政府管制放松及貿易壁壘的減少是它很容易出現國際化,第二是消費者的品味和喜好放在了全球規范上,第三,信息技術的快熟發展也是一個重要的驅動。經濟全球化主要表現在兩個方面,一方面是生產的全球化,另一方面是市場的全球化。Ⅶ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish(15%37.whatisthetheoryofabsoluteadvantage.hetheoryofabsoluteadvantageholdsthatacommoditywillbeproducedinthecountrywhereitcostsleastintermsofresources(capital,land,andlabour.38.WhatistheBrenttonWoodsSystem.TheBrenttonWoodsConferenceestablishedaUSdollarbasedgoldstandard.BecauseofthedominatingeconomicandpoliticalinfluenceoftheUnitedStated,thedollarreplacedthesterlingasthemajorvehicleforinternationalsettlement.ThoughalltheBrenttonWoodsparticipantsagreedtopegtheircurrenciestogold,onlytheUnitedStatespledgedtoredeemthedollarforgoldattherequestofthecentralbankofaforeigncountry.Underthenewfixedexchangeratesystem,eachparticipantpromisedtomaintaintheparvalueofitscurrency,allowingafluctuationofonlyonepercent.綜合試題2I.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressions(10%(ⅰFromEnglishintoChinese1.GrossDomesticProduct國內生產總值2.Non-discriminationprinciple非歧視原則3.option4.EDI5.portofdestination目的港(ⅱFromChineseintoEnglish6.提單billoflading7.非關稅壁壘non-tarifftradebarriers8.外匯管制9.貿易術語treadterms10.反傾銷anti-dumpingⅡ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright(5%11.purchasepowera.gainfromprovidinglicenseservice(egrationb.non-tarifftradebarrierslimitingimports(c13.patentc.moreinterdependentofanactivity(a14.royaltyd.theabilitytobuyproducts(ellectualproductssuchbrand.(bⅢ.MakebriefexplanationsofthefollowingtermsinEnglish(20%16.LettersofCreditLettersofcreditisoftenshourenedasL/CorL.C.andissometimesreferredtoas“banker’scommercialletterofcredit”,“banker’scredit”,“commercialcredit”orsimply“credit”.17.arbitrationSettlementofadisputebythedecisionofsomeonechosenasajudgebybothsides18.BOTBOTisapopularvariantoftheturnkeyprojectwhereBstandsforbuild,OforoperateandTfortransfer.ForaBOTproject,afirmoperateafacilityforaperiodoftimeafterbuildingitupbeforefinallyittoaforeigncompany.19.BillofLadingBillofladingisoneofthemostimportantdocumentsandhasthreemajorfunctions:1.Itservesasacargoreceiptsignedbythecarrierandissuedtotheshipperorconsignor;2.Itconstitutesacontractofcarriagebetweenthecarrierandtheconsignor;3.Itisadocumentoftitletothegoods,andthelegalholderofthebillofladingistheownerofthegoodsitcovers.20.freetradeareaMembersofafreetradearearemovesbarrierstotheflowofgoodsandservicesamongthemselveswhileeachmemberstilladoptsitsownpolicyasregardstotreadwithoutsiders.Ⅳ.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithanappropriatewords(10%Counterparts,competition,challenges,agricultureintensified,protectionist,barriers,victim,restrict,committedDespitealltheachievements,Chinastillfacesbig21chanlleges.Thefirstisthe22protectionistmeasuresprevalentinsomecountriesthatplacevarious23barrierstotrade.They24intensifiedanti-dumpingpolicyto25restricttheexportexpansionofChina,andmadeChinathelargest26victimofanti-dumpinginvestigation.Thesecondistheincreasing27competitionfacedbyChineseservicesectors,becausetheforeign28counterpartsenjoynationaltreatment.Thethirdisthechallengefacedbythe29argriculture.China30committeditselftointotheWTOnottoprovideanyexportsubsidyforitsagriculturalproducts.Ⅴ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(25%31.信用證付款方式要求各種單證上所列的商品名稱、數量、金額等項目要與信用證所列項目嚴格一致。Paymentbyletterofcreditrequirementslistedavarietyofdocumentsbythenameofcommodity,quantity,amountandotheritemstobeinstrictaccordancewiththecreditproject.32.貨物保險的宗旨在于將風險從被保險人轉移到保險人的活動。Cargoinsurancethereforeisanactivityaimedatmovingtheburdenofriskfromtheshouldersoftheexportersandimportersandimporters,andplacingitupontheshouldersofspecialistrisk-bearingunderwriters.33.有形貿易一般指國際貿易中的貨物貿易,無形貿易一般指服務貿易。Visibletradereferstothetradeofgoodsininternationaltrade,theinvisibletradereferstotradeofservices.34.對外直接投資是國際投資的主要方式,直接投資通常有綠地投資、兼并和合資的形式。Foreigndirectinvestmentisthemajorformofinternationalinvestment,FDIismainlypracticedinthreeforms:thegreenfieldstrategy,acquisitionandformingjointventures.35.初級市場是投資人購買政府和企業債券的市場。Primarymarketinvistorsarebuyinggovernmentandcorporatebondsmarket.Ⅵ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%36.Ricardo’stheoryofcomparativeadvantagesuggeststhatcountriesshouldspecializeintheproductionofthosegoodstheyproducemostefficientlyandbuygoodsthattheyproducelessefficientlyfromothercountries,evenifthismeansbuyinggoodsfromothercountriesthattheycouldproducemoreefficientlyathome.李嘉圖的比較利益學說認為各國應該專門生產效率高的產品,從其他國家購買自己國家生產效率低的產品,這就意味著從別國購買貨物在本國進行高效生產Ⅶ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish(15%37.WhatisthemandateofWorldTradeOrganization.TheWTOhasthreemajorobjectives:1.Topromotefreetradebyencouragingmemberstoadoptnondiscriminatory,predictabletradepolices;2.Tofurtherreducetradebarriersthroughmultilateralnegotiations;3.Toestablishmoreeffectivetradedisputesettlementprocedures.38.HowmanylevelsofRegionalEconomicIntegration.TherearefourlevelsofRegionalEconomicIntegration:(1,freetradearea;(2,customsunion;(3,commonmarket;(4,economicunion綜合試題3I.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressions(10%(ⅰFromEnglishintoChinese1.turnkeyproject交鑰匙工程2.internationalbusiness國際商務3.sophisticatedtechnology尖端技術4.controversy公開辯論5.contractingparty契約當事人(ⅱFromChineseintoEnglish6.通貨currency7.普通股commonstock8.經紀人broker9.并購merge10.庫存stockⅡ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright(5%11.beneficiarya.thecompanythatcanmakeuseofL\Ctogetpaidforitsexports(a12.optimalb.thatmustbedone(e13.forcejajeurec.thetotalannualincomeofthestate(d14.revenued.socialandnaturalcalamities(pulsorye.bestormostfavorable(bⅢ.MakebriefexplanationsofthefollowingtermsinEnglish(20%16.LettersofCreditThecreditisaletterissuedbyabankattherequestoftheimporterinwhichthebankpromisestopayuponpresentationoftherelevantdocuments.Itisactuallyaconditionalbankundertakingofpayment17.customsunionACustomsareaextendingbeyondnationalboundariestoincludetwoormoreindependentnationsiscalledacustomsunion.18.counter–offerNewoffermadebytheoriginaloffereetotheoriginalofferer.19.hyperinflationInflationataextremeryhighrate.20.specializationTorestrictone’seconomicactivitiestocertainparticularfieldsⅣ.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithanappropriatewords(10%Issue,securities,long,in,other,exists,through,those,raised,regulatedTheStockExchangehas21longservedtheneedsofgovernment,industryandinvestors22inprovidingthecentralmarketplaceforthe23issueandtradingof24securities.Manypeoplesaveorinvestmoneyinsomeformor25other.TheInternationalStockExchange26existstoprovideachannel27throughwhichthesesavingscanreach28thosewhoneedfinance.Underthe29regulatedframework,longtermcapitalintheformoftradablesecuritiescanbe30raised.Ⅴ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(25%31.經濟全球化的主要推動力是各國貿易管制放松、信息技術發展及各國生產要素及經濟發展水平的差異。Themainimpetusofeconomicglobalizationisthedifferenceofworldtraderegulation,developmentofinformationtechnologyandotherfactorsofproductionandthelevelofeconomicdevelopment.32.國際商務同國內商務活動比較在法律規章、使用通貨、文化、自然和經濟環境上有很多不同。Internationalbusinesscomparedwithdomesticbusinessactivityinthelawsandregulations,theuseofcurrency,thenaturalandculturalenvironment,andtherearemanydifferenteconomic.33.《國際貿易術語解釋通則》是國際商會為各國對外貿易中使用最普遍的貿易術語提供一套解釋規則?！癐NCOTERMS”istheinternationalchamberofcommercetoprovideasetofrulesofinterpretationofmostcommonlyusedtradetermsininternationaltrade.34.書面合同是雙方協議的憑證及執行協議的基礎。Awrittencontractisthebasicdocumentagreementandperformtheagreement.35.同托收比較,信用證是銀行信用,對賣方更加安全。Comparedwiththecollection,bankcreditisacredittoaseller,moresure.Ⅵ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%36.Regionaleconomicintegrationreferstoagreementsbetweencountriesinageographicregiontoreducetariffandnon-tariffbarrierstothefreeflowofgoods,services,andfactorsofproductionbetweeneachother.Regionaltradeagreementsaredesignedtopromotefreetrade,butinsteadtheworldmaybemovingtowardasituationinwhichanumberofregionaltradeblockscompeteagainsteachotherInflationataextremeryhighrate區域經濟一體化是在一個地理區域內的成員國之間在貨物、服務和生產要素等方面降低關稅和非關稅貿易壁壘。區域經濟一體化協議目的在于促進自由貿易,但是Ⅶ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish(15%37.區域經濟一體化,作為國家整體是收益的,但同時會導致某些集團利益受損。Reginaltradeintegration,astheoverallnationalincome,butalsowillcausedomedamagetotheinterestsofthegroup.38.反傾銷是進口國海關對有傾銷行為的進口商品征收的一種稅收。Anti-dumpingisimportcustomsonimportedgoodshaveataxlevieddumpingbehavior.綜合試題4I.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressions(10%(ⅰFromEnglishintoChinese1.endowmentofnature2.graceperiod3.beneficiaryofL\C4.internationalreserve5.openaccount(ⅱFromChineseintoEnglish6.資本市場7.保兌信用證8.開證行9.貨物凈重10.水漬險Ⅱ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright(5%11.banknoteawaybywhichaplacecanbereachedorused(12.endowmentb.somethinggivenorreceivedasanequivalentforloss(13.loansc.printedpapermoneyissuedbyacountry’scentralbank(14.accessd.anaturalgiftorability(15.compulsorye.somethinglentforinterestincome(Ⅲ.MakebriefexplanationsofthefollowingtermsinEnglish(20%16.issuingbank17.tariff18.homecountryandhostcountry19.applicantofL\C20.multilateralagreementⅣ.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithanappropriatewords(10%Issue,securities,long,in,other,exists,through,those,raised,regulatedThefirstUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentwas21____inGenevain1964.Althoughnospecificobjectiveswere22____atfirstconference,thegeneralfunctionofUNCTADisto23____,negotiateandimplementmeasuresto24____thedevelopmentprocess.Thespecific25____andaimsoftheless-developedcountriesorthe26____oftheparticipatingcountriesmaybesummarizedasfollows:The27____oftheless-developedcountriesinworldtradeindecreasing,theirtradetermswithdevelopedcountriesareconstantly28____.Sotheconferencesetforththerulesthatarecompulsoryandautomatic29____measurehasbeen30____.Ⅴ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(25%31.貿易術語最基本的含義是明確一項合同價格的構成、買賣雙方的責任義務及貨物運輸風險的劃分。32.即時庫存管理系統的引進能最低限度地降低庫存,提高經濟效益。33.在賠償保險索賠時,憑借保險合同,保險公司將使受損人的利益恢復到發生損害前的同等狀況。34.合同是對有關當事人規定的約束性責任的一種協定。35.最大誠信原則適用于各種保險。Ⅵ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%36.Politicalargumentsontradepolicesareconcernedwithprotectingtheinterestsofcertaingroupswithinanation(normallyproducers,oftenattheexpenseofothergroups(normallyconsumers。Economicargumentsaretypicallyconcernedwithboostingtheoverallwealthofanation(tothebenefitofall,bothproducersandconsumersⅦ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish(15%37.Whyisbundlingorcountertradestillusedinforeigntradethoughitisaninefficientwayofdoingbusiness.38.Whatarethereasonsfortheregionaleconomicintegration.綜合試題5I.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressions(10%(ⅰFromEnglishintoCellectualproperty4.affiliateofWorkBank5.privatesector(ⅱFromChineseintoEnglish7.到期8.浮動匯率9.國際結算10.光票托收Ⅱ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright(5%11.currencya.thebindingrightsandresponsibilities(12.devaluationb.papermoneyissuedbycentralbankofanation(13.exchangeratec.claimsofagreementtermssuchasprice,modeofpayment(14.offerd.lowerdomesticvalueagainstforeigncurrency(15.contracte.thepriceofo