人教版八年級數學上冊期末試卷含答案人教版八年級數學上冊期末試卷含答案人教版八年級數學上冊期末試卷含答案xxx公司人教版八年級數學上冊期末試卷含答案文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度2017年人教版八年級數學上冊期末試卷8、為籌備班級的初中畢業聯歡會，班長對全班學生愛吃哪幾種水果作了民意調查，那么最終買什么水果，下面的調查數據中最值得關注的是()A、中位數；B、平均數；C、眾數；D、加權平均數；41321269、如右圖，有三個大小一樣的正方體，每個正方體的六個面上都按照相同的順序，依次標有1，2，3，4，5，6這六個數字，并且把標有“4132126A、8B、9C、10D、1188884444xxyyyyOOOOA、B、C、D、10、為鼓勵居民節約用水，北京市出臺了新的居民用水收費標準：(1)若每月每戶居民用水不超過88884444xxyyyyOOOOA、B、C、D、二、填空題(每小題4分，共32分)11、不等式的解集是__________________；12、已知點A在第四象限，且到x軸，y軸的距離分別為3，5，則A點的坐標為_________；13、為了了解某校初三年級400名學生的體重情況，從中抽查了50名學生的體重進行統計分析，在這個問題中，總體是指__________________________________；14、某班一次體育測試中得100分的有4人，90分的有11人，80分的有11人，70分的有8人，60分的有5人，剩下的8人一共得了300分，則中位數是_____________。15、如圖，已知∠B=∠DEF，AB=DE，請添加一個條件使△ABC≌△DEF，則需添加的條件是__________；16、如圖，AD和BC相交于點O，OA=OD，OB=OC，若∠B=40°,∠AOB=110°，則∠D=________度；17、彈簧的長度y(cm)與所掛物體的質量x(kg)的關系是一次函數，ABOCDABOCDyx5202112AABCDEF第15題圖第16題圖第17題圖18、如下圖所示，圖中是一個立體圖形的三視圖，請你根據視圖，說出立體圖形的名稱：俯視圖左視圖主視圖俯視圖左視圖主視圖對應的立體圖形是________________的三視圖。三、解答題(共78分)19、(8分)解不等式，并把解集在數軸上表示出來。1123ABCDEF20、(8分)填空(補全下列證明及括號內的推理依據)：如圖：已知：AD⊥BC于D，EF⊥BC于F，∠1=∠3，求證：AD平分∠BAC。證明：∵AD⊥BC，EF⊥BC于F(已知)∴AD∥EF()∴∠1=∠E()∠2=∠3()又∵∠3=∠1(已知)∴∠1=∠2(等量代換)∴AD平分∠BAC()21、畫出下圖的三視圖(9分)22、(9分)已知點A(10，0)，B(10，8)，C(5，0)，D(0，8)，E(0，0)，請在下面的平面直角坐標系中，(1)分別描出A、B、C、D、E五個點，并順次連接這五個點，觀察圖形像什么字母；(2)要圖象“高矮”不變，“胖瘦”變為原來圖形的一半，坐標值應發生怎樣的變化？

SS(千米)t(時)O0.51.537.5102223、(10分)如圖，lA，lB分別表示A步行與B騎車在同一路上行駛的路程S與時間t的關系。(1)B出發時與A相距_________千米。(2)走了一段路后，自行車發生故障，進行修理，所用的時間是____________小時。(3)B出發后_________小時與A相遇。(4)若B的自行車不發生故障，保持出發時的速度前進，幾小時與A相遇，相遇點離B的出發點多少千米。在圖中表示出這個相遇點C，并寫出過程。AABCDEF24、(10分)已知：如圖，RtABC≌Rt△ADE，∠ABC=∠ADE=90°，試以圖中標有字母的點為端點，連結兩條線段，如果你所連結的兩條線段滿足相等、垂直或平行關系中的一種，那么請你把它寫出來并說明理由。25、(10分)某工廠有甲、乙兩條生產線，在乙生產線投產前，甲生產線已生產了200噸成品，從乙生產線投產開始，甲、乙兩條生產線每天生產20噸和30噸成品。(1)分別求出甲、乙兩條生產線投產后，各自的總產量y(噸)與從乙開始投產以后所用時間x(天)之間的函數關系式，并求出第幾天結束時，甲、乙兩條生產線的總產量相同；(2)在如圖所示的直角坐標系中，作出上述兩個函數和第一象限內的圖象，并觀察圖象，分別指出第15天和第25天結束時，哪條生產線的總產量高？

26、(14分)(1)為保護環境，某校環保小組成員小敏收集廢電池，第一天收集1號電池4節、5號電池5節，總重量460克；第二天收集1號電池2節、5號電池3節，總重量240克。①求1號和5號電池每節分別重多少克？

②學校環保小組為估算四月份收集廢電池的總重量，他們隨意抽取了該月腜5天每天收集廢電池的數量，如下表：1號廢電池(單位：節)29303228315號廢電池(單位：節)5153474950分別計算兩種電池的樣本平均數，并由此估算該月(30天)環保小組收集廢電池的總重量是多少千克？

(2)如圖，用正方體石墩壘石梯，下圖分別表示壘到一、二、三階梯時的情況，那么照這樣壘下去，①填出下表中未填的兩空，觀察規律。階梯級數一級二級三級四級石墩塊數39②壘到第n級階梯時，共用正方體石墩________________塊(用含n的代數式表示)。數學部分一、選擇題(每小題有且只有一個答案正確，每小題4分，共40分)1、C；2、A；3、D；4、A；5、B；6、B；7、D；8、C；9、A；10、C；二、填空題(每小題4分，共32分)11、；12、；13、某校初三年級400名學生體重情況的全體；14、80分15、BC=EF(答案不唯一)；16、30；17、9；18、四棱錐或五面體；三、解答題(共78分)120—１19120—１……(2分)……(1分)……(1分)……(2分)數軸表示正確2分；20、證明：∵AD⊥BC，EF⊥BC于F(已知)∴AD∥EF(同位角相等，兩直線平等或在同一平面內，垂直于同一條干線的兩條直線平行)∴∠1=∠E(兩條直線平行，同位角相等)∠2=∠3(兩條直線平行，內錯角相等)又∵∠3=∠1(已知)∴∠1=∠2(等量代換)∴AD平分∠BAC(角平分線的定義)每空2分，共8分；21、圖形如下，每個3分，共9分；主視圖左視圖俯視圖22、圖形略，(3分)(1)像字母M；(2分)ABCDF(2)ABCDF23、(1)10；(2)1；(3)3；………………(每題1分)(4)解：表示出相遇點C得1分；求出lA的函數關系式：…………２分求出的函數關系：…………………２分解得………１分……………………1分24、解：有不同的情況，圖形畫正確，并且結論也正確的即可給2分；(1)連結CD、EB，則有CD＝EB；(2)連結AF、BD，則有AF⊥BD；(3)連結BD、EC，則有BD∥EC；選(1)；證明：∵Rt△ABC≌Rt△ADE(已知)∴AC＝AE，AD＝AB(全等三角形對應邊相等)∠CAB＝∠EAB(全等三角形對應角相等)…………３分∴即：…………………2分∴在△ADC和△ABE中：∵∴△ADC≌△ABE(SAS)……………２分∴CD＝EB……………１分25、(1)解得：…………２分………………２分兩者總生產量相等，即：∴解得：…………………２分(2)圖形略，……２分第15天結束，甲的總生產量大于乙的總生產量；……１分第25天結束時，乙的總生產量大于甲的總生產量；…１分26、解：(1)①設1號電池每節重量為x克，5號電池每節重量為y克；由題意可得：……２分解得：，……………1分答：1號電池每節重量為90克，5號電池每節重量為20克；………………1分②求得1號電池平均每天30節，5號電池平均每天50節，…2分所以總重量＝＝111(千克)……………………2分(2)18，30，…………………第一個空1分，第二個空2分，第三空3分；英語部分Ⅲ.單項選擇（15分）()21.He_____whentheUFOarrived.A.wassleepingB.weresleepingC.hassleptD.isasleep()22.Ihavebeenskating_______nineo’clock.A.forB.sinceC.atD.from()23.Wouldyoumind______thoseoldjeans?A.don’twearB.nottowearC.aren’twearingD.notwearing()24.---He’sneverbeentoanaquarium.---_______.A.NeitherhaveIB.NeitherdoIC.InevertooD.Idon’ttoo()25.It’sreallycoldtoday,______A.doesitB.doesn’titC.isn’titD.isit()26._____haveyoubeenswimmingForfiveyears.A.HowmanytimesB.HowlongC.HowoftenD.Howmuch()27.--Couldyouplease_____intheroom?--Oh,I’msorry.A.notsmokingB.notsmokeC.nottosmokeD.don’tsmoke()28.---Couldwebuyapiano,Jack?---I’mafraidthere______enoughroomforoneinthehouse.A.aren’tB.areC.isn’tD.is()29.Igothome_____theywerehavingdinner.A.assoonasB.whileC.becauseD.after()30.Wegotmad______theteamforlosingthematch.A.atB.inC.onD.about()31.She_______alotofmoneyonclothes.A.takesB.costsC.spendsD.buys()32.Iwillstayathomeandreadbooksifit_______tomorrow.A.israiningB.rainsC.rainD.willrain()33.Theteacherencouragesherstudents_____Englishasmuchaspossible.A.tospeakB.speakingC.speakD.spoke()34.Hisfather_____toNanjing.He_____backnextweek.hasbeen,isBhasbeen,willbeC.hasgone,isD.hasgone,willbe()35.Theteachersaidthatthey______hard-workingstudents.A.isB.areC.wereD.wasⅣ.用所給詞語的適當形式完成下列句子。（5分）lookthroughdiscovercollectgetoverkeepdown36.Doyouknowwho______America?37.Heisinhisbedroomand______________thenewspapersforajob.38.Heisangrywithmenow.Buthewillunderstandmeand_________itsoon.39.Herbrotherlikesstampsandhe__________overahundredstampsnow.40.Weshould____________ourvoiceinpublicplaces.Ⅴ.補全對話（10分）(A)A:Whatareyoudoing,Jenny?B:41.____________I’mcleaningthehouse.A:Doyouoftendoit?B:SometimeswhenI’mfree.42.____________A:Hereitis.Whatwillyoudoafteryoufinishingthecleaning?B:43.____________A:44.____________Let’sgoswimming,shallwe?B:Soundsgreat.A:Letmehelpyouthen.45.__________B:Thankyou.A.Nothingmuch.B.Inthiswayyoucanfinishtheworksooner.C.Whatbadweather!D.Can’tyousee?E.CanyouseethebookF.Itwillbeapitytostayathomeinsuchfineweather.G.Couldyoupleasepassmethetowel?41._____42._____43._____44._____45._____(B)用適當的詞語補全下面對話。A:Hello.MayI46.________________MrBrown.B:Sorry,heisn’tin.He47._______________toFrance.A:Well,thendoyouknow48._________________B:Hesaidhewouldreturninamonth.A:Oh,suchalongtime.49._________canIgetintouchwithhim?B:Youmay50.________________.A:What’shistelephonenumber?B:It’s00334760488532.Ⅵ.句子翻譯。（10分）51.他們舉辦這場音樂會是為了給慈善事業籌集錢款。Theyheldtheconcertto__________________thecharity.52.他的父母非常高興他們的兒子在學習上取得了很大的進步。Hisparentsareveryhappythattheirson____________________inhisstudy.53.消防隊員很快把火撲滅了。Thefirefighters______________thefiresoon.54.你什么時候開始對集郵感興趣了？

Whendidyoubeginto__________________collectingstamps?55.如果你插隊的話，其他人會不高興的。Otherpeoplewon’tbehappy________________________.56.我們班級三分之二的學生來自于南方。_____________________________________________.57.你們不應該違反學校規定。__________________________________________.58.他們倆當時都沒有在家。_____________________________________________.59.你聽說過這樣一個人嗎？

_______________________________________________

60.你介意把電視聲音調低嗎？

_______________________________________Ⅶ.完形填空（10分）Coke(可樂)isoneof61drinksintheworld.Alotofpeopleenjoy62__it.Butnowpeoplebegintobelievethatit’snotagooddrinkforhealth.Thereislotsof63inthecoke.Havingmuchsugaris64forpeople.Anditalsohassomecaffeine(咖啡因)init.Thecaffeinecangetpeopleintothehabit(習慣)ofdrinkingmorecokewhentheyfeel65.Iftheydon’tdrinkcokethey66bad.And67thingissomepeoplecan’tworkorstudy68drinkingseveralcupsofcokeeveryday.Moreandmorepeoplewanttocutdownthecoketheydrinkandask69helpfromthedoctors.Ifyoulikedrinkingcokeverymuch,IthinkyoumusthavetheCokeHabit.Infactdrinkingmorefruitandvegetablejuiceis70_foryou.()61.A.morepopularB.mostpopularC.popularD.themostpopular()62.A.drinkB.drinkingC.todrinkD.drinks()63.A.saltB.pepperC.sugarD.juice()64.A.goodB.wellC.tiredD.bad()65.A.hungryB.fineC.thirstyD.excited()66.A.willfeelB.arefeelingC.feltD.feel()67.A.badB.worseC.theworstD.theworse()68.A.notB.withoutC.withD.after()69.A.toB.forC.onD.at()70.A.goodB.wellC.bestD.betterⅧ.閱讀理解（20分）(A)閱讀短文,然后根據短文內容選擇正確答案。Passage1Birdsliveintrees.Squirrels（松鼠）liveintrees.Butdidyouknowthatsomefrogs（蛙）liveintrees,too

Thetreefrogishardtofind.Itcanchangecolors.Ongreenleaves,itstaysgreen.Onabrownbranch（樹枝）,itturnsbrown.Sometreefrogscanchangefromgreentogoldorblue.Treefrogshavelegsandwidefeet.Theyhavestickypads（粘性的肉趾）attheendsoftheirtoes.Thesestickytoepadskeepthetreefrogsfromfalling.Treefrogshavedifferentcolorsandmarkings（斑點）ontheirskins.Theireyesaredifferent,too.Somehavegreeneyes,andothershavebrightredones.Thesoundtheymakearedifferent,too.Onefrogmakesasoundlikeadogbarking.Anotherfrogmakesaloudnoiselikeasnore（打鼾）.Thereisevenafrogthatwhistles（吹口哨）!()71.Thesefrogsarehardtofindbecause______.A.theystayintreesB.theycanchangetheircolorsC.theyhavestickypadsD.theymakesurprisingsounds()72.Iftheseasonisspring,thecolorsoftreefrogsis_______.A.goldB.brownC.greenD.blue()73.Thetreefrogscanstayontreesbecause______.A.theyhavestickypadsB.theycanchangetheircolorsC.theyarestrongD.theyaresmall()74.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright?A.Thetreefrogshavedifferentcolorsandfeathers（羽毛）ontheirskins.B.Thetreefrogscan’tmakealoudnoiselikeasnore.C.Wecaneasilytelltreeleavesfromtreefrogs.D.Wemayfindtreefrogsifwehearasoundlikeasnoreintheforest.()75.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.thecolorsofaspecialfrogB.thesoundofaspecialfrogC.theeyesofaspecialfrogD.afrogthatisspecialPassage2Mostoftheflowersinnaturearered,orangeandyellow.Ifwehaveseenablackflower,it’schanceinmillion.Peoplehavemadeasurveyofcolorsofmorethanfourthousandkindsofflowersandfoundthatonlyeightofthemareblack.Asweknow,sunlightisformed(形成)bysevendifferentcoloredlights.Thewavelength(波長)ofeachlightisdifferent,sothequantity(量)ofheatineachlightisalsodifferent.Flowersespeciallytheirpetal(花瓣),areeasytobeharmed(傷害)byhightemperature.Blackflowerscantakeinallthelightwaveswhichcausetheflowerstodryupinahightemperature.Soblackflowerscanrarely(很少)survive(挺過)sunlight.Butredflowers,orangeflowersandyellowflowerscanprotect(保護)themselvesfromsunlightbyreflecting(反射)theredlight,orangelightandyellowlight,eachofwhichhasalargequantityofheat.()76.Peoplecan_______seeblackflowers.A.often B.never C.hardlyever D.always()77.Theunderlinedword“them”inthesecondparagraphrefersto(指)______.A.athousand B.colors C.flowers D.kinds()78.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_______.A.blackflowersaretooweakanditisdifficultforthemtogrowupB.thereareonlyeightblackflowersinnatureC.sunlighthassevendifferentcoloredlightsandthewavelengthofeachisdifferentD.whyit’sdifficultforblackflowerstogrow()79.Howdoredflowers,orangeflowersoryellowflowersprotectthemselvesfromsunlight?A.Bytakinginthelight. B.Byreflectingthelight.C.Byhidingthemselves. D.Bysleeping.()80.WhichofthefollowingideasisNOTright?A.Theblackflowerscannotprotectthemselvesfromthesunlight.B.Red,orangeandyellowflowerscanalsotakeinthelightofallwavelengths.C.Peoplehavefoundthatonlyafewkindsofflowersareblack. D.Flowersareeasytobeharmedbyveryhightemperature.(B)閱讀短文，然后根據短文內容填寫表格或回答問題。Passage3Peoplelivearoundtheworld.Theyliketohavecelebrations(慶祝活動).InChina,peoplecelebrateNewYear.NewYearisinJanuaryorFebruary.Theywearredclothesbecauseredisthecolorthatwillbringjoy.Chinesechildrengetmoneyinredenvelopesforthenewyear.InGambia(岡比亞),peoplecelebrateIndependenceDay(獨立日).ItisinFebruary.Theywearbrightclothesandplaymusicatthecelebration.InEngland,peoplecelebrateMayDay.MayDayisinMay.Theywearprettyclothestocelebratethecomingspring.Thechildrenliketodanceonthisday.InAmerica,peoplecelebrateThanksgivingDay(感恩節).It’sinNovember.Theyhaveaverybigdinnerwiththeirfamiliesorfriends.Theyeatturkeysandalotofotherdeliciousfood.Theyhavealongtalkafterdinner.CelebrationsAroundtheWorld61._________CelebrationsMonthsClothesChinaNewYearJanuaryorFebruary62._________Gambia63.__________Februarybrightclothes64._________MayDayMayprettyclothesAmericaThanksgivingDay65.________Passage4AreyouinterestedinHelmutNewtonandJohnPilgerDoyouwanttolearnmoreabouttheirpaintingCometoBarbicanGallery(畫廊)!BarbicanGalleryOpenMon,Thu-Sat10am-6pm(HelmutNewton);Tue,Wed,Sun10am-9pm(JohnPilger)TicketsAdults(成人)￥7Students,youngpeople12-17,over60s￥5Disabledpeoplewithcompanion￥3.5Under12freeBarbicanCarddiscount(折扣)20%off