書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-安徽商貿職業技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Iwouldneverhave（

）acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.

問題1選項

A.soughtfor

B.accountedfor

C.turnedup

D.resortedto

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。seekfor“尋求，追求”；accountfor“對…做出解釋”；turnup“出現，發生”；resortto“依靠，求助于，訴諸”。句意：如果我沒到如此絕望的地步，我是不會訴諸法律的。根據前后句意可知D項符合，答案D

2.單選題

Foryears,anetworkofcitizens’groupsandscientificbodieshasbeenclaimingthatscienceofglobalwarmingisinconclusive.Butwhofundedthem?

Exxon’sinvolvementiswellknown.ExxonMobilistheworld’smostprofitablecorporation.Itmakesmostofitsmoneyfromoil,andhasmoretolosethananyothercompanyfromeffortstotackleclimatechange.Tosafeguarditsprofits,ExxonMobilneedstosowdoubtaboutwhetherseriousactionneedstobetakenonclimatechange.Buttherearedifficulties:ifmustconfrontascientificconsensusasstrongasthatwhichmaintainsthatsmokingcauseslungcancerorthatHIVcausesAids.Sowhat’sitsstrategy?

ThewebsiteE,usingdatafoundinthecompany’sofficialdocuments,lists124organizationsthathavetakenmoneyfromthecompanyorworkcloselywiththosethathave.Theseorganizationstakeaconsistentlineonclimatechange:thatthescienceiscontradictory,thescientistsaresplit,environmentalistsareliarsorlunatics,andifgovernmentstookactiontopreventglobalwarming,theywouldbeendangeringtheglobaleconomyfornogoodreason.Thefindingstheseorganizationsdislikearelabeled“junkscience”.Thefindingstheywelcomearelabeled“soundscience”.

Thisisnottoclaimthatallthesciencethesegroupschampionisbogus.Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.Theywillfindonecontradictorystudy—suchasthediscoveryoftropospheric(對流層的)cooling—andpromoteitrelentlessly.Theywillcontinuetodosolongafterithasbeendisprovedbyfurtherwork.So,forexample,JohnChristy,theauthorofthetropospherepaper,admittedinAugust2005thathisfigureswereincorrect,yethisinitialfindingsarestillbeingcirculatedandchampionedbymanyofthesegroups,asaquickinternetsearchwillshowyou.

WhiletheyhavebeenmosteffectiveintheUnitedStates,theimpactsoftheclimate-changedenierssponsoredbyExxonhavebeenfeltallovertheworld.Bydominatingthemediadebateonclimatechangeduringsevenoreightcriticalyearsinwhichurgentinternationaltalksshouldhavebeentakingplace,byconstantlyseedingdoubtaboutthesciencejustasitshouldhavebeenmostpersuasive,theyhavejustifiedthemoneytheirsponsorshavespentonthemmanytimesover.

1.WhichofthefollowinghasNOTbeendonebytheorganizationstoestablishtheirpositiononclimatechange?

2.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“bogus”(inParagraph4)?

3.JohnChristyismentionedtoshow（）.

4.TheorganizationssponsoredbyExxon（）.

5.Thepassageismainlyfocusedon（）.

問題1選項

A.Damagingthereputationofenvironmentalists.t

B.Emphasizingthelackofconsensusamongscientists.t

C.Stressingtheunnecessaryharmtotileglobaleconomy.t

D.Protectingthescientificdiscoveriesfrombeingmisused.t

問題2選項

A.Reasonable.t

B.Fake.t

C.Limitless.t

D.Inconsistent.t

問題3選項

A.howcloselytheseorganizationsworkwithscientistst

B.howtheseorganizationsselectscientificfindingsfortheirownpurposet

C.howimportantcorrectdataareforscientiststomakesounddiscoveriest

D.howoneman’smistakemaysetbacktheprogressofsciencet

問題4選項

A.haveliveduptotheirpromisest

B.havealmostcausedworldwidechaost

C.havefailedtoachievetheiroriginalgoalt

D.havemisunderstoodtherequestofthesponsort

問題5選項

A.Exxon’sinvolvementinscientificscandalst

B.Exxon’scontributionstotheissueofclimatechanget

C.Exxon’sroleindelayingsolutionstoglobalwarmingt

D.Exxon’seffortstopromotemorescientificdiscoveries

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細節判斷題。題干意思是“以下哪項是這些組織在確定其對氣候變化的立場時沒有做過的？”。文章的第三段提到Theseorganizationstakeaconsistentlineonclimatechange:thatthescienceiscontradictory,thescientistsaresplit,environmentalistsareliarsorlunatics,andifgovernmentstookactiontopreventglobalwarming,theywouldbeendangeringtheglobaleconomyfornogoodreason.（這些組織在氣候變化問題上的立場是一致的：科學是矛盾的，科學家是分裂的，環保主義者是騙子或瘋子，如果政府采取行動阻止全球變暖，他們將在沒有充分理由的情況下危害全球經濟），由此可知A項“破壞環保主義者的聲譽”、B項“強調科學家之間缺乏共識”和C項“強調對全球經濟的不必要傷害”都屬于這些組織在確定其對氣候變化的立場時的說辭，只有D項“保護科學發現不被濫用”沒有提及。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第2題:語義推測題。題干意思是“下列哪項在意思上最接近第四段的‘bogus’？”。根據題干定位到第四段第一句Thisisnottoclaimthatallthesciencethesegroupschampionisbogus.（這并不是說這些團體支持的所有科學都是bogus）可知，這句話是上文的承接句，上文最后一句話指出Thefindingstheseorganizationsdislikearelabeled“junkscience”.Thefindingstheywelcomearelabeled“soundscience”.（這些商業組織不喜歡的研究結果被貼上了“垃圾科學”的標簽，他們歡迎的發現被貼上了“可靠科學”的標簽），后文又提到Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.（總的來說，他們使用的是選擇，而不是發明），由此可推測并不是這些組織支持的所有的科學都是假的，故B項“虛假的”符合題意。A項“合理的”、C項“無限制的”和D項“不一致的”都不與bogus的含義相近。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第3題:細節判斷題。題干意思是“提到克里斯蒂是為了表示……”。根據題干定位到文章第四段，第二句和第三句指出Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.Theywillfindonecontradictorystudy—suchasthediscoveryoftropospheric(對流層的)cooling—andpromoteitrelentlessly.（總的來說，他們使用的是選擇，而不是發明；他們會發現一個相互矛盾的研究，比如對流層冷卻的發現，并堅持不懈地挖掘它），由此推斷，后文引用克里斯蒂的例子是為了說明這些組織出于自己的目的選擇科學研究課題，故B項“這些組織如何為他們自己的目的選擇科學發現”符合題意。A項“這些組織與科學家的合作有多密切”，內容不符合原文；C項“正確的數據對于科學家做出可靠的發現是多么重要”和D項“一個人的錯誤可能會阻礙科學的進步”文章沒有提及。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第4題:細節推理題。題干意思是“由埃克森贊助的組織……”。文章最后一句話提到Bydominatingthemediadebateonclimatechangeduringsevenoreightcriticalyearsinwhichurgentinternationaltalksshouldhavebeentakingplace,byconstantlyseedingdoubtaboutthesciencejustasitshouldhavebeenmostpersuasive,theyhavejustifiedthemoneytheirsponsorshavespentonthemmanytimesover.（在本應舉行緊急國際談判的七八年關鍵時期，通過主導媒體有關氣候變化的辯論，通過不斷播撒對科學的懷疑，就像它應該是最有說服力的一樣，他們已經證明了贊助商在他們身上花費的金錢是合理的），由此可推斷，埃克森贊助的組織最終還是兌現了他們的承諾，和公司在應對氣候變化問題上處于一致的立場，故A項“履行了他們諾言”符合題意。B項“幾乎引起了世界范圍的混亂”和D項“誤解了主辦者的要求”沒有提到；C項“沒有達到他們原來的目標”，內容與原文不符。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章主要關于……”。本文主要講在應對全球變暖等環境問題上，大公司埃克森所做的一切措施來維護自身經濟利益。文章第一段提到Foryears,anetworkofcitizens’groupsandscientificbodieshasbeenclaimingthatscienceofglobalwarmingisinconclusive.Butwhofundedthem?（多年來，一個由公民團體和科學機構組成的網絡一直聲稱全球變暖的科學是不確定的，但是誰資助的呢？）和文章最后一段提到WhiletheyhavebeenmosteffectiveintheUnitedStates…（雖然他們這一招在美國是最有效的……），由此可以推斷，埃克森美孚公司在解決全球變暖的問題上發揮了作用，故C項“埃克森在拖延全球變暖解決方案方面的作用”符合題意。A項“埃克森卷入科學丑聞”和D項“埃克森推動更多科學發現的努力”文中沒有提到；B項“埃克森對氣候變化問題的貢獻”，文章第二段指出Tosafeguarditsprofits,ExxonMobilneedstosowdoubtaboutwhetherseriousactionneedstobetakenonclimatechange.（為了保護自己的利潤，埃克森美孚需要散播懷疑，是否需要對氣候變化采取嚴格的行動），由此可知，埃克森美孚為了保護自己的利益，而散播謠言阻止氣候變化措施的實行，B項錯誤。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

3.單選題

Inthepastfortyyears,weatherforecastinghasbecomealmost（）computerized.

問題1選項

A.centrally

B.totally

C.nationally

D.extremely

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項centrally“在中心”；B選項totally“完全地”；C選項nationally“全國性地”D選項extremely“非常，極其”。句意：在過去的四十年里，天氣預報已經幾乎完全計算機化了。因此B項符合句意。

4.單選題

Yourimproperwordswillgive（）todoubtsconcerningyourtrueintentions.

問題1選項

A.rise

B.reason

C.suspicion

D.impulse

【答案】A

【解析】giveriseto為固定搭配,

表示“使...發生,

引發”。句意：不恰當的話語會使人對你的真實意圖產生懷疑。

5.單選題

Youdon’thavetotakeallthecoursesifyouhavenointerestinthem.Theyare（）.

問題1選項

A.optional

B.optical

C.elementary

D.critical

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項optional“可選擇的”；B選項optical“光學的；視覺的”；C選項elementary“基本的；初級的”；D選項critical“至關重要的”。句意：如果你對這些課程不感興趣的話，那么你不必全部都上。它們是……。不必上所有的課程，因為它們是可以選修的。故選A。

6.單選題

Fitnesshelps______signsofdepression,suchasindecisionandlackofzestfordailyactivities.

問題1選項

A.alleviate

B.diagnose

C.assess

D.manipulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項alleviate“減輕，緩和”；B選項diagnose“診斷；斷定；判斷”；C選項assess“評定；估價；對……征稅”；D選項manipulate“操縱；操作；巧妙地處理；篡改”。句意：健康有助于緩解抑郁跡象，如優柔寡斷和對日常活動缺乏熱情。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Formerly,calciumandvitaminDwerefrequentlyaddedtoenrichedbread,but______consumerdemandandquestionablenutritionalbenefitledtogradualphasingoutoftheseenrichments.

問題1選項

A.lackof

B.lackingof

C.lackedof

D.lack

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子結構和lack的用法。lack作動詞時，后面直接加賓語，作名詞通常和of連用。句意：以前，鈣和維他命D常常被加入面包豐富其營養，但由于缺乏消費者需求和令人可疑的營養益處導致這些面包逐漸被淘汰。根據句意A項正確。

8.單選題

Thedictatorreliedonabuseofitsopponents（

）onsoundingreasoning.

問題1選項

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.betterthan

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。morethan不僅僅；ratherthan而不是；otherthan除了...不同于...；betterthan超過，好于...。句意：這個獨裁者依靠的是辱罵反對者，而不是有力的說服。所以選項B正確。

9.單選題

IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalf-hournap（

）me.

問題1選項

A.revived

B.released

C.relieved

D.recovered

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我下班回家的時候累極了，但半小時的小睡又使我振作起來。

動詞辨析。revive（使）蘇醒，復活;release釋放;relieve緩解，減輕;recover康復。A項符合句意。

10.單選題

TheareawhereconventionalmicroeconomicswouldraiseeyebrowsifnotringalarmbellsishowcapitalistdevelopmentofInternet-relatedindustrieshas（）generatedconsiderablemarketconcentrationatalmosteverylevel.

問題1選項

A.inexorably

B.yearningly

C.placably

D.relentingly

【答案】A

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。inexorably“無情地，不可阻擋地”；yearningly“思念地，渴望地”；placably“易安撫地”；relentingly“仁慈地”。句意：該地區的微觀經濟可能會引人側目，如果不敲響警鐘，互聯網相關產業的資本主義發展如何在幾乎所有層面上不可阻擋地產生了相當大的市場集中度。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Thehelicopterisanincrediblyversatilemachine.Itcanfly,straightupordown,hoverlikeafly,andgoforwards,backwards,orsideways.Itthereforeneedsnolong,preparedrunwaylikeanormalairplanedoes.Itcanoperatefromaflatroofinthecityorfromaclearinginthejunglewithequalease.However,helicoptersarenowherenearasfastasnormalfixed-wingairplanesandhaveatopspeedofonlyabout200milesanhour.

Thehelicopterhasoftenbeencalledthe'flyingwindmill'becauseofthelong,rotatingblades,orrotor,ontopofitsbody.Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.Therotorbladeshavethesameaero-foilshapesasairplanewingsandpropellerstogeneratetherequiredliftandthrust.

Whenthemainrotorrotates,thebodyofthehelicopterlendstospinbyreactionintheoppositedirection.Tocounteractthiseffect,asmallrotorismountedsidewaysonthetail.Thethrustproducedbythistailrotorinnormalflightjustbalancestheturningtendencyofthehelicopterbodywhichthereforeremainssteady.Boththemainandthetailrotorsaredrivenbythehelicopterenginethroughthesamegearbox.Anotherwayofmaintainingstabilityintheairistohavetwinmainrotorswhicheachrotateinoppositedirections.Then,the"spinning"tendencyofonecancelsthatoftheother.

Movementofthehelicopterinadirection-forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown-isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.Thepitchistheangleatwhichthebladesslicethroughor'bite'theair.Toflystraightupwardsallthebladesaresetatthesamesharppitch.Inthispositiontheyachievemaximumlift.Todescend,thepitchofthebladesisreducedsothattheliftisinsufficienttosupportthehelicopter'sweight.

Thepilotadjuststhepitchforupordownmovementbymovingthecollective-pitchstick.Thisisalsolinkedtotheenginethrottlessothatmorepowerisappliedasthepitchincreases.Thisistoovercomethegreaterairresistancewiththesharperpitch.Conversely,theengineisthrottledbackwhenthepitchisreducedfordescentbecausethereislessairresistance.

Toflyforwards,thepitchoftherotorbladesisvariedastheyrotate.Forforwardmotion,thepitchismadeleastatthefrontandgraduallyincreasedastheblademovesbackwards.Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.Thesamegoesforanyhorizontalmovement——thepitchismadeleastinthedesireddirectionoftravel.Thecyclic-pitchstickcontrolsthepitchoftherotorforhorizontalflight.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat（）.

2.What'sthebasicfunctionofthemainrotorofahelicopter?

3.Themovementofthehelicopterinanydirectioniscontrolledby（）.

4.Toflyforwards,ahelicopterhasto（）.

5.Theword"descend"inline4ofparagraph4canbebestreplacedby（）.

6.Thephrase"Thisposition"inline4ofparagraph4refersto（）.

7.Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

問題1選項

A.nothingisperfect

B.generallyspeaking,helicoptersarebetterthanotherairplanes

C.fixed-wingairplaneshaveatopspeedofabout200milesperhour

D.helicoptersarenotatallversatile

問題2選項

A.Tocounteractthespinningofahelicopter.

B.Tomaintainstabilityintheair.

C.Torotateinoppositedirection.

D.Toproducetheforcetodriveitalongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.

問題3選項

A.asmallrotor

B.itstail

C.varyingthepitchoftherotorblades

D.counteractingmaximumlift

問題4選項

A.supportthehelicopter'sweight

B.sweeptheairbackwardsandpushthehelicopterforwards

C.belinkedtotheenginethrottle

D.slicethroughtheair

問題5選項

A.settle

B.come

C.godown

D.decrease

問題6選項

A."Toflystraightupwards"

B."thesamesharppitch"

C."Thepitch"

D.''achievemaximumlift”

問題7選項

A.TheHelicopter

B.ThePitch

C.RotatingBlades

D.TheflyingHelicopter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

【解析】1.根據第一段的內容可知,本段講述了直升機的優點和缺點,也就是說沒有什么是完美的。選項A最能概括本段。

2.根據第二段第二句“Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.”這個主旋翼既充當螺旋槳又充當機翼,提供推動直升機前進的推力,也提供使直升機離開地面的升力。選項D與原文描述一致。

3.根據第四段的第一句“Movementofthehelicopterinadirection—forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown—isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.”選項C符合原文。

4.根據最后一段第三句“Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.”為了向前飛行,直升機需要向后掃空氣。選項B正確。

5.根據原文句意：葉片的節距減小,使升力不足以支撐直升機的重量,這樣直升機就會下降,所以“descend”指的是下降,選項C正確。

6.根據原文句意：為了垂直向上飛行,所有的葉片都設置在相同的間距。在這個位置,他們達到最大的升力。由此可知,“thisposition”指的是上一句提及的相同的間距,選項B正確。

7.結合全文內容可知,本文主要是講的直升機是如何運作的,選項A最能概括全文。原文并沒有說是飛行中的飛機,所以選項D不正確。

12.單選題

Iamsurethatwithyourremarkableabilityandrichexperience,thecurrentsessionyou______overwillbeasuccess.

問題1選項

A.presume

B.propel

C.preside

D.prick

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項presume“假定；推測；擅自；意味著”；B選項propel“推進；驅使；激勵；驅策”；C選項preside“負責；主持”；D選項“戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛”。根據固定搭配presideover“主持；執掌；負責；管理”可知句意為：我相信，以你卓越的能力和豐富的經驗，你主持的本屆會議將取得成功。因此C選項正確。

13.單選題

Thephrase“meltingpot”hasbecomeassociatedwiththeAmericansociety,implyingthatmanyracialandethnicgroupshavebeenintegratedintooneculture.Scholarsdisagreeastowhatextentthisassimilationorintegrationhasactuallytakenplace.ManyofthemseetheAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”,wherevariousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.

Thereisnodoubtthatassimilationhastakenplace,especiallyamongthewhitesfromdifferentnationalitiesandreligiousbackgrounds;thedisagreementisonlyabouttowhatextentthisassimilationhasactuallytakenplace.Thescholarsarguethat“meltingplot”isaninaccuratedescriptionoftheAmericansociety.Letaloneothermoredistinctracesandethnicgroups,theypointtotheAmericanJewsasthegroupofwhiteswhohaveretainedtheirseparateness.

ManyscholarsfeelthattheunwillingnessbytheJewishAmericanstoassimilatewiththeAmericansocietycomesmainlyfromcenturiesofpersecutioninEuropeancountries,someofwhichsurvivedandcamealongwithEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.Weakerformsofdiscriminationandanti-JewishfeelingsstillexistamongEuropeandescendents,makingitmoredifficultfortheJewstoassimilateintothemainstreamAmericanculture.Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.

Whatisinteresting,however,isthatJewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericancultureinwhichtheyhaveachievedsuccessinnearlyeveryfield.Infact,amongthegroupsthathaveretainedtheirnationalorethnicidentities,theJewishgroupsarethemostsuccessful,accordingtoanation-widesurvey.ManyJewsattributethissuccesstotheirseparateness,whichhaspreventedthemfromlosingvaluesthatcontributetotheirsuccess.

1.Whatsentencewouldbestsummarizethispassage?

2.TheEuropeandescendentswhomostlikelydiscriminateagainsttheAmericanJewsare（）

3.ManyscholarsprefertodescribeAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”becauseit（）

4.TheauthorclaimsthatJewishgroupsretainmostoftheirculturalidentityand（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthereasonswhytheJewshaveremainedmostlyseparateis（）

問題1選項

A.Americansocietyiseithera“meltingpot”ora“saladbowl”,dependingonwhoistalkingaboutit.

B.JewishgroupshaveastrongsenseofidentityandrefusetoassimilatewithotherAmericans.

C.ScholarsdisagreeabouttheextenttowhichassimilationofdifferentracesandethnicgroupshastakenplaceinAmericansociety.

D.ThereisstillsomediscriminationandpersecutionofJewsinAmerica.

問題2選項

A.Christians

B.scholars

C.capitalists

D.Catholics

問題3選項

A.showsculturalandreligiousdifferencesofvariousculturalgroups

B.showsthetogethernessandseparatenessofdifferentethnic,national,andracialgroups

C.ismorecolorfulandimaginative

D.ismoreprogressive

問題4選項

A.theirseparatenesspreventsthemfromachievingsuccess

B.othergroupsdislikethemfortheirseparatenessfromthemainstreamAmericanculture

C.alsothinkofthemselvesasbelongingtotheAmericanculture

D.refusetocooperatewithotherculturalgroups

問題5選項

A.seeingnoadvantageinassimilating

B.lackofopportunitytoassimilate

C.thefearoflosingtheiridentity

D.theirprideintheirownculture

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結合全文內容可知，本文主要是講學者們在美國社會中不同種族和民族的融合問題上存在分歧。所以選項C最能概括全文。

2.判斷推理題。根據第三段的第一句“Manyscholarsfeelthat...withEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.”許多學者認為，美國猶太人不愿意融入美國社會，主要是由于幾個世紀以來歐洲國家的迫害，其中一些國家幸存下來，與歐洲的基督徒一起來到了美國。由此可以推斷，歐洲后代中最有可能歧視美國猶太人的是基督教徒，所以選項A正確。

3.細節事實題。根據關鍵詞“saladbowl”定位到第一段的最后一句“variousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.”不同的群體雖然在同一社會中工作和生活，但仍然彼此獨立。選項B符合原文。

4.細節事實題。根據最后一段的第一句“Jewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericanculture...”可知選項C符合原文。

5.細節事實題。根據第三段的最后一句“Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.”選項D符合原文。

14.單選題

Theenergygainedfromthesuncanthenbeusedduringthenighttoenablethenecessarychemicalreactionto（

）initsbody.

問題1選項

A.precede

B.proceed

C.progress

D.practice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:從太陽獲取的能量能在夜間被用來使必要的化學反應在體內進行。

考查動詞辨析。Precede領先，在……之前;proceed開始，繼續進行,發生;progress前進,進步;practice練習,實習,實行。故B符合句意。

15.單選題

Hehasbroughtforwardconclusiveevidence,whichforfurtherdispute.

問題1選項

A.makesroom

B.leavesnoroom

C.sparesnoefforts

D.takesnopains

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語搭配。A選項makesroom為……留出空間；B選項leavesnoroom沒有空間；沒有余地；C選項sparesnoefforts不遺余力；D選項takesnopains沒有費力氣，沒有痛苦。根據前文可知，他已經列舉出了確鑿的證據，沒有必要進一步爭論。因此，正確答案為B項。

16.單選題

Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatand_______forusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.

問題1選項

A.ingredient

B.reliance

C.shelter

D.inclination

【答案】C

【解析】ingredient原料,要素;reliance信賴,信心;shelter庇護,避難所,遮蓋物;inclination傾向,愛好。句意：知識是我們老年時舒適而必要的退隱之所;如果我們年輕時不準備,年老時就得不到它的庇護。選項C符合句意。

17.單選題

VisatoMelina.R.D.gotthesurpriseofhercareerlastyear,whentheSeattle-basedvegetariannutritionistwasaskedtogiveaseminaronvegetarianismataseniorcitizencenter.“Ithoughtthere'dbefourorfivepeople,”shesays.Instead,theroomwaspackedwithseniorswhohadpaida$5feetohearheradvice.Andtheirinterestinbetterhealthwasn’tonlykeen;itwasinformed."They'veobviouslybeenpayingattentiontonewresearch,”shesays.

IfMelinastudieddemographictrendsforaliving,sheprobablywouldn’thavebeensosurprised.Trendwatchershaveverifiedanintriguingnewphenomenon.Olderpeopleareturningtoavegetariandietinever-increasingnumbers.Notsurprisingly,demographicsaredrivingthedrift.Bytheyear2005,peoplebombetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.Addtothefactthatolderpeopleseeknatural,pleasantwaystocombatproblemsassociatedwithaging-weightgain,highercholesterolandbloodpressure,increasedcancerriskandimpaireddigestion-andyouhaverealmotivationtogomeatless,saysSuzanneHavala,R.D.,authoroftheAmericanDieteticAssociation'spositionpaperonvegetarianism.

Quantifyingthisnewtrendisn'teasy,buta1994studybyHealthFocusInc.,anindependentresearchorganizationbasedinDesMoines,Iowa,foundthatshoppersoverage50arecuttingdownontheirconsumptionofredmeatoreliminatingitfromtheirdietsentirely.Morecompellingevidencefortheseniorsurgetowardvegetarianismcomesfromvegetariangroupsnationwide,whichreportaswellintheranksofoldervegetarians.Forexample,oneoutoffivemembersofthenewSyracuse(N.Y.)AreaVegetarianEducationSocietyisover50;unusuallyhighforafledglingorganization.Andtwo-thirdsofthe850-memberVegetarianSocietyofHonoluluarealsomembersoftheAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersons,societyexecutivessay.

Aninformalpollofolderpeoplesuggestsbetterhealthisoftenthemainincentiveandobjectiveforturningveg.ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditorfoundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.However,thistimeitmadeherin.“Thecrashfeltliketheflu,”shesays.Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andher"flu”disappeared.

Moredramatically,RuthHeidrichbelievesvegetarianismsavedherlife.The61-year-oldmarathonerandtriathletewasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer14yearsago,atage47.Whenaninitialbiopsyindicatedfarmorecancerthanherdoctorshadthought,shewasreadytotakedesperatemeasures.Onthedayofthediagnosis,shespottedanewspaperadlookingforvolunteerstoenrollinastudyofbreastcanceranddiet,conductedbyJohnMcDougall,M.D.,aleadingadvocateoftheuseofdiettofightdisease.AftermeetingMcDougallandreviewingwhatshesayswasaneight-inchthickfileofstatisticslinkingahigh-fatdietwithbreastcancer,HeidrichconvertedfromatraditionalAmericandiettoanextremelylow-fatregimenwithnoanimalproducts.”1didn'tevenhaveskimmilkonmycereal,”shesays.Afteramastectomyandreconstructivesurgery,sheiscancer-free.Sheneverhadtoundergoradiationtreatmentorchemotherapyandbelievesherstrictvegetariandiethelpedspeedherrecoveryfromsurgery.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"...demographicsaredrivingthedrift"?

2.WhydidNancyRobertsfallill?

3.HowdidNancyRobertsrecoverfromherillness?

問題1選項

A.ThehugeBabyBoomGenerationhasdecidedtobecomevegetarians.

B.Seniorcitizensbelievethatgoingmeatlessisanaturalandpleasantwaytocombatproblemsofaging.

C.Thegrowingtrendtowardvegetariansisduetoanincreaseinthenumberofelderpeople.

D.Moreandmorepeopleofallagesaregoingonavegetariandiettostayhealthy.

問題2選項

A.Becausesheatetoomuchrichfood.

B.Becausesheoverexertedherselfduringtheholidays.

C.Becauseshewasonahigh-fatdiet.

D.Becauseshecaughttheflu.

問題3選項

A.Bygoingonanextremelylow-fatregimen.

B.Byeatingsomevegetariandishesathome.

C.Bynotevenhavingskimmilkwithhercereal.

D.Byfollowingastrictvegetariandiet.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘作者說“人口統計學正在推動這一趨勢”是什么意思？’根據第二段中第四句“Bytheyear2005,peoplebornbetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.至2005年，出生在1949到1963歲之間的人--嬰兒潮一代--將占美國人口的38%。和第五句Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.此外，統計數據顯示，這一受過教育、有健康意識、叛逆和相對富裕的隊伍符合傳統的素食主義。”確定題目中此話的意思是指C選項“素食主義者的增長趨勢是由于老年人人數的增加”。

2.細節事實題。題目提問“為什么南希?羅伯茨會生病？”根據倒數第二段中“ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditor,foundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.3年前，53歲的資深雜志編輯南希?羅伯茨，發現她做了很多人在假期會做的事：過度沉迷于吃豐富的食物。”確定A選項“因為她吃了太多豐富的食物”正確。

3.細節事實題。題目提問‘南希?羅伯茨是如何從病中康復的？根據文章倒數第二段最后一句“Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andherfludisappeared.碰巧，羅伯茨在同一命期被要求編輯一些素食食譜。她在家做了一些素食，她的“流感”消失了。”確定B選項“在家吃些素食”正確。

18.單選題

Thesearesignsthatthepresidencywillattempttoputenvironmentalissuesonhighits（

）.

問題1選項

A.legislation

B.trend

C.mainstream

D.agenda

【答案】D

【解析】legislation立法，法律；trend趨勢，傾向；mainstream主流；agenda議程，日程表。句意：這些跡象表明，總統將試圖把環境問題提上議程。選項D符合句意。

19.單選題

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

問題1選項

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】句意:逃跑的小偷后面緊跟著當地的警察。

考查固定搭配。on（at）one'sheels緊跟某人后面。

20.單選題

Otherfactors（

）tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

問題1選項

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。cause“成為…的原因，導致”；give“提供，給予”；contribute“貢獻，出力，通常和介詞to連用”；result“導致，發生”；根據空格后的介詞to和句意‘（

）經濟全球化發展的其他因素是先進的科學技術和更好的運輸系統。’確定C選項正確。

21.單選題

ButneitherarepeoplewhobelieveintheUPOnarrativesirrational,much（

）crazy,astheyaresometimesdepicted.

問題1選項

A.more

B.less

C.as

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查語義。前面部分說到“兩者都并非非理性的”，相應的空格這部分的修飾詞也應選擇否定意義。四個選項中只有B選項less符合要求，muchlesscrazy“更不用說瘋狂的”。

22.翻譯題

世界上第一代博物館屬于自然博物館，它是通過化石、標本等向人們介紹地球和各種生物的演化歷史。第二代博物館屬于工業技術博物館，它所展示的是工業文明帶來的各種階段性結果，這兩代博物館雖然起到了傳播科學知識的作用，但是，它們把參觀者當成了被動的旁觀者。

世界上第三代博物館是充滿全新理念的博物館。在這里，觀眾可以自己動手去操作，自己細心體察。這樣。他們可以更貼近先進的科學技術，去探索科學技術的奧秘。

【答案】Thefirstgenerationofmuseumsisnaturemuseumintheworld,whichshowspeopletheevolutionoftheearthandthelivingthingswithfossilsandsamplesspecimen.Thesecondgenerationofmuseumsismuseumsofindustrialtechnology,whichshowthestageeffectsofindustrialcivilization.Thes