書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-南京審計大學金審學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Duringhistwo-monthstayinChina,Tomnever（）achancetopracticehisChinese.

問題1選項

A.passedon

B.passedup

C.passedby

D.passedout

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。passon傳遞，繼續，去世；passup拒絕，錯過；passby走過，經過；passout分發，昏倒。這里指沒有錯過一次練習中文的機會。選項B符合句意。

2.單選題

Australiaisstrugglingtocopewiththeconsequencesofadevastatingdrought.Astheworldwarmsup,othercountriesshouldpay.

問題1選項

A.heel

B.heal

C.heed

D.head

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。選項中只有heed與pay相搭配，payheed表示“注意；留心”。句意：澳大利亞正在努力應對災難性干旱的后果。隨著世界變暖，其他國家也應該注意。因此C選項符合題意。

3.單選題

（）he（）asynopsisofastory（）hewouldsummonacrowdofhisfriends

tohishouseandreaditaloudtothem.

問題1選項

A.Nosoonerdid...have...than

B.Assoonas...hadthen

C.Nosoonerdid...have...that

D.Nosooner...had...than

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他剛有了一個故事的概要，就把一群朋友們叫到家聽他朗讀。

語法題。考查倒裝。“Nosoonerdid（had）...than...”表示“一…就…”。此固定結構引導吋間狀語從句，位于句首，需要部分倒裝。因此只有A正確。

4.單選題

1.

問題1選項

A.Howtodealwithhissleepingproblem.

B.Thecauseofhissleepingproblem.

C.Whatfollowshisinsomnia.

D.Theseverityofhismedicalproblem.

【答案】A

【解析】M:WhatabouttheproblemthatI’vebeenhavinginsleeping?

W:Iamgoingtogiveyouaprescriptionofsomemedicinetohelpyougetabetternight’ssleep.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?

【解析】細節題。通過對話得知，男士睡眠不好，女士要給他開藥改善睡眠。

5.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstday-nurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheUnitedStates,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingFirstWorldWar,（8）,FederalState,andlocalgovernmentbegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

The（11）oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwere（12）calledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis（13）theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,（14）$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranursery-schoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.Manystatesandlocalcommunities（15）thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared（16）inday-carecentersreceivingFederal（17）.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment（18）cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater（19）them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir（20）attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.

問題1選項

A.latter

B.late

C.other

D.first

問題2選項

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.whom

問題3選項

A.impetus

B.input

C.imitation

D.initiative

問題4選項

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

問題5選項

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

問題6選項

A.Because

B.As

C.Since

D.Although

問題7選項

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.predominantly

D.militantly

問題8選項

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

問題9選項

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

問題10選項

A.formulating

B.patenting

C.labeling

D.licensing

問題11選項

A.outset

B.outbreak

C.breakthrough

D.breakdown

問題12選項

A.again

B.thus

C.repeatedly

D.yet

問題13選項

A.circumstance

B.occasion

C.case

D.situation

問題14選項

A.regulation

B.summoning

C.allocating

D.transferring

問題15選項

A.expanded

B.facilitated

C.supplemented

D.compensated

問題16選項

A.by

B.after

C.of

D.for

問題17選項

A.pensions

B.subsidies

C.revenues

D.budgets

問題18選項

A.prevalently

B.furiously

C.statistically

D.drastically

問題19選項

A.abolished

B.diminished

C.jeopardized

D.precluded

問題20選項

A.nurseries

B.homes

C.jobs

D.children

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】1.考查上下文語義。根據句意：美國第一家日托所建于1854年。日托所在各地普遍建立在19世紀的后期；其中大部分都是慈善事業。thelatterhalf為后半期，這當中half只能和latter搭配，因此選項A正確。

2.考查上下文語義。根據句意：美國第一家日托所建于1854年。日托所在各地普遍建立在19世紀的后期；其中大部分都是慈善事業。mostof后面要用人稱代詞，因此選項B正確。

3.考查語義關系。A選項impetus“動力、促進”；B選項input“投入”；C選項imitation“仿造、仿制品”；D選項initiative“主動權”。根據句意：在歐洲和美國，日間托兒所運動在第一次世界大戰期間受到了很大的促進，當時勞動力短缺使得大量婦女就業。因此選項A正確。

4.考查語義關系。A選項sources“來源”；B選項abundance“豐富、充裕”；C選項shortage“短缺”；D選項reduction“減少”。根據句意：在歐洲和美國，日間托兒所運動在第一次世界大戰期間受到了很大的促進，當時勞動力短缺使得大量婦女就業。因此選項C正確。

5.考查語義關系。根據句意：在一些歐洲國家的政府直接倡導下，甚至在軍火工廠里也建立了日托所。Even符合題意，因此選項D正確。

6.考查語篇關系。根據句意：盡管美國托兒所的數目急劇增長，但并未得到政府的任何資助。分析全句，這是一個讓步狀語從句，故應用連詞although，因此選項D正確。

7.考查語義關系。A選項unanimously“全體一致的”；B選項sharply“急劇地”；C選項predominantly“主要的、占主導地位的”；D選項militantly“好戰的、激進的”。根據句意：盡管美國托兒所的數目急劇增長，但并未得到政府的任何資助。四個選項中只有sharply“急劇地”合適，因此選項B正確。

8.考查語篇關系。根據句意：然而在第一次世界大戰之后的幾年中，聯邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施，主要通過規范化來管理托兒所。本句在語氣上是轉折的，要選副詞however，因此選項C正確。

9.考查結構搭配。control與over搭配，其他的選項語義不合題意。句意為：然而在第一次世界大戰之后的幾年中，聯邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施，主要通過規范化來管理托兒所。因此選項A正確。

10.考查語義關系。A選項formulating“規范”；B選項patenting“取得專利權”；C選項labeling“貼標簽、標記”；D選項licensing“許可、特許”。根據句意：主要通過規范化來管理托兒所。因此選項A正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。A選項outset“開端、開始”；B選項outbreak“爆發”；C選項breakthrough“突破”；D選項breakdown“崩潰、故障”。根據句意應是第二次世界大戰的爆發。因此選項B正確。

12.考查語篇關系。根據句意：隨著第二次世界大戰的爆發，幾乎各國托兒所的數量都增長得很快，婦女又一次被號召在工廠中代替男人。與第一次世界大戰的情況相呼應，所以填again。因此選項A正確。

13.考查結構搭配。選項中的四個名詞只有occasion可以與介詞on搭配，其意義也與句意相吻合，句意為：這次，美國政府立即支持保育員學校，于1942年7月撥款600萬美元。因此選項B正確。

14.考查語義關系。A選項regulate“管制、調節”；B選項summon“召集、召喚”；C選項allocate“分派、分配”；D選項transfer“轉移、調動”。根據句意“撥款(allocate)600萬美元”。因此選項C正確。

15.考查動詞辨析。A選項expanded“膨脹、擴充”；B選項facilitated“使容易、使便利”；C選項supplemented“補充”；D選項compensated“補償、償還”。根據句意：許多州和地方團體對聯邦政府資助進行補充。因此選項C正確。

16.考查固定搭配。動詞care與介詞for搭配，表示照料的意思。句意為：一百多萬兒童在接受聯邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。因此選項D正確。

17.考查名詞辨析。A選項pensions“養老金、退休金”；B選項subsidies“補助金、津貼”；C選項revenues“收入、稅收”；D選項budgets“預算”。根據句意：一百多萬兒童在接受聯邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。因此選項B正確。

18.考查語義關系。A選項prevalently“普遍地、流行地”；B選項furiously“狂暴地、猛烈地”；C選項statistically“統計上地”；D選項drastically“激烈地、徹底地”。句意為：聯邦政府大幅度地削減這項支出，并在后來將其廢止。因此選項D正確。

19.考查語義關系。A選項abolished“廢除”；B選項diminished“使減少、變小”；C選項jeopardized“危害”；D選項precluded“排除”。與前一句相呼應，前面說“大幅度地削減”，后來自然是“廢止（abolished）”。句意為：聯邦政府大幅度地削減這項支出，并在后來將其廢止。因此選項A正確。

20.考查語義關系。根據句意：然而，讓大多數被雇傭的母親離開她們的工作，這一愿望在戰后得到部分的實現。因此選項C正確。

6.單選題

Perhapsyoudidn’tquiteunderstandthemovieandthenleftbeforefinishingit.（）thecase,Ithinkthislittlepamphletmaybeofsomehelp.

問題1選項

A.Ifthisbe

B.Thisshouldbe

C.Shouldthisbe

D.Isthis

【答案】A

【解析】考查條件狀語從句。由Ithinkthislittlepamphletmaybeofsomehelp.句意：我想這個宣傳冊可能有所幫助。由關鍵詞may可知空格后的thecase這種情況并不是虛擬的，而是一個真實條件句，故不用倒裝，而條件句一般是用if引導。因此答案選A，相當于省略了should，即Ifthis(should)be。整個句意為：也許你并不十分理解這部電影，沒結束就提前離開了。如果真的如此，我想這個宣傳冊可能有所幫助。

7.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable;thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyesmaynotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhichispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner”.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerre-establisheseyecontact:Iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare（）.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto（）.

4.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（）.

問題1選項

A.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

B.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson'sinnerworld

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問題2選項

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering.

問題3選項

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題4選項

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節事實題。根據題干定位到原文第一段首句“Whethertheeyesare"thewindowsofthesoul"isdebatable;thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.”眼睛是不是“心靈的窗戶”是有爭議的;它們在人際交往中非常重要，這是一個事實。A選項“在表達感情和交換思想方面是極為重要的”，B選項“可以看到一個人內心世界的東西”，C選項“在使談話變得有趣方面具有相當重要的意義”，D選項“它的價值在很大程度上是一個長期爭論的問題”。因此，A選項符合題意。

2.細節事實題。根據題干定位到原文，“Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyesmaynotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhichispresentedinprofile.”值得注意的是，一張有眼睛的真實的人臉可能不會讓人發笑，而只看到一只眼睛的側面也不會讓人發笑。A選項“正面被完全感知”，B選項“臉上戴著面具”，C選項“從側面看臉”，D選項“臉部沒有任何遮蓋物”。因此，C選項符合題意。

3.細節事實題。根據題干定位到原文“Iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.”如果對方沒看，說話者就會認為對方不感興趣，就會停下來等對方繼續看他，或者終止談話。A選項“一個人暫時把目光從另一個人身上移開”，B選項“眼神交流超過一秒”，C選項“不合時宜地停止眼神接觸”，D選項“不斷調整眼神接觸”。因此，C選項符合題意。

4.細節事實題。根據題干定位到原文的最后一段的最后一句，“Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.”當兩個說話的人都戴著墨鏡時，就會清楚地看到這種眼動對保持談話順暢有多么重要:談話中可能會出現由于打斷、錯誤的開始和不可預知的停頓而造成的語塞，A選項“不要戴黑眼鏡”，B選項“不要打岔”，C選項“不要把目光從對方身上移開”，D選項“不要出人意料地停頓”。因此，C選項符合題意。

8.單選題

We’dliketo（）atableforfivefordinnerthisevening.

問題1選項

A.preserve

B.reserve

C.sustain

D.retain

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。preserve保留;reserve預訂，預約;sustain維持;retain保持,持有。句意:今晚我們想

一張五個人的餐桌。選項B符合句意。

9.單選題

Inayearmarkedbyuncertaintyandupheaval,officialsatNewOrleansuniversitiesthatdrawapplicantsnationwidearenotfollowingtheusualrulesofthumbwhenitcomestocollegeadmissions.Theonlysurebet,theysay,isthatthisfall’senteringclasses—thefirstsinceKatrina一willbesmallerthanusual.

Intypicalyears,mostcollegeadmissionsofficialscanpredictfairlyaccuratelybythispointintheadmissionscyclehowmanyhighschoolseniorswillcommittoenrollingintheirinstitutions.Manyofthemostselectiveschoolsrequirestudents—whoincreasinglyareapplyingtomultipleinstitutions—tomaketheirchoicesbyMay1.LoyolaUniversity,whosetrusteeswillvoteMay19onwhethertodropseveraldegreeprogramsandeliminate17facultypositions,receivedfewerapplications—about2,900todate,comparedwith3,500inrecentyears.Theschoolhopestoenroll700freshmen,downfrom850inthepastfewyears.HistoricallyblackDillardUniversity,whichisoperatingoutofahotelandwasforcedtocancelitsannualMarchopenhouse,alsosawdrops,asdidXavierUniversity,ahistoricallyblackCatholicinstitutionthatfellbehinditsrecruitmentschedule.Dillardwon’treleasenumbers,butspokeswomanMaureenLarkinssaysapplicationsweredownandenrollmentsareexpectedtobelowerthaninthepast.XavieradmissionsdeanWinstonBrownsaysitsapplicantpoolfellbyabouthalfoflastyear’srecord1,014;hehopestoenroll500freshmen.

Incontrast,TulaneUniversity,whichisthemostselectiveofthefouranddevelopedanaggressiverecruitmentscheduleafterthehurricane,enjoyedan11%increaseinapplicationsthisyear,toarecord20,715.Evenso,officialspredictthatfeweradmittedstudentswillenrollandareprojectingasmaller-than-usualfreshmanclass—1,400,comparedwithamoretypical1,600.TulaneofficialsannouncedinDecemberthattheywouldeliminatesomedepartmentsandfacultypositions.

LikeTulane,otherschoolsaretakingextrastepsthisyeartowooadmittedstudents,oftenbyenlistinghelpfromalumniaroundthecountryandreachingouttostudentswithmoree-mails,phonecallsorWeb-basedinteractionssuchasblogs.Inaddition,Loyolaisrelaxingdeadlines,sweeteningthepotwithlargerscholarshipsandfreezingtuitionatlastyear’slevel.Dillard,too,isfreezingtuition.It’salsohostingtownmeetingsintargetcitiesandregionsnationwide,andmoveditsacademiccalendarbackfromAugusttomid-September“toavertthemajorityofthehurricaneseason,’’Larkinssays.Xavierextendeditsapplicationdeadlineandsteppedupitsone-on-onecontactwithacceptedstudents.AndTulane,amongotherthings,hasdoubledthenumberofon-campusprogramsforacceptedstudentsandhostedacommunityserviceweekendprogram.

Whiletheschoolsexpectapplicantstobeapprehensive,theadmissionsofficialsalsoseeencouragingsignsofpurposefulnessamongapplicants.“Alotofstudentswhoarechoosingtocometothiscity(are)saying,‘Iwanttobeapartof(theaction)'",saysStieffel,notingthatLoyola’stransferapplicationswereup30%.AndwhileapplicationstoXavieraredown,Brownisbettingthatstudentswhodoapplyareserious.“Theoneswhoareapplying,wefeel,aremorelikelytocome,”hesays.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

2.Thefollowingstatementsarefalseotherthan（

）.

3.Inordertoattractapplicants,LoyolaUniversityandDillardUniversityare（

）.

4.Thepassagemainlyconcentratesonthesubjectof（

）.

問題1選項

A.manyofthestudentsrequiresmallerclassesthanusualintheinstitutions

B.mostcollegeadmissionsofficialscannotpredicthowmanystudentswillcommittoenrollingintheirinstitutionsbyMay1thisyear

C.manyofthestudentsareincreasinglyapplyingtomultipleinstitutionstomaketheirchoicesbyMay1thisyear

D.intypicalyears,mostcollegesrequirestudentstoapplyandcommittotheirinstitutions

問題2選項

A.TulaneUniversityalsosawdropsinapplicationthisyear

B.XavierUniversity,asahistoricallyblackCatholicinstitution,fellbehindtherecruitmentscheduleofDillardUniversity

C.XavierUniversitydeanWinstonBrownsaysthetotalnumberthathehopestoenrollisabout1,500freshmen

D.LoyolaUniversitywillvoteonwhethertoeliminate17facultypositionsduetoreceivingfewerapplicationsofstudents

問題3選項

A.reducingthetuitionrespectively

B.hostingmeetings

C.increasingthescholarshipsrespectively

D.extendingtheapplicationdeadline

問題4選項

A.thedropsoftheapplicantsoftheuniversities

B.thedilemmaoftheadmissionofficials

C.theusualrulesofcollegeadmissions

D.theeffectsofthehurricanes

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。原文第一段指出:今年秋天的班級容量將會變小,故選A。

2.細節題。題干問的是下列哪個選項正確。第二段指出:LoyolaUniversity,...willvote...whetherto...eliminate17facultypositions,receivedfewerapplications,D項與此對應。

3.細節對比。根據題干關鍵詞attractapplicants定位至第四段:…freezingtuitionatlastyear’slevel.Dillard,too,isfreezingtuition,據此判斷兩所大學都采取了freezingtuition(降低學費)的措施。

4.主旨題。文章講述了4所大學今年的招生情況，學生申請人數較以往都有所下降。

10.單選題

Ournexttaskistoconsiderthepoliciesandprinciplesaruleroughttofollowindealingwithhissubjectsorwithhisfriends.SinceIknowmanypeoplehavewrittenonthissubject,IamconcerneditmaybethoughtpresumptuousformetowriteonIaswell,especiallysincewhatIhavetosay,asregardsthisquestioninparticular,willdiffergreatlyfromtherecommendationsofothers.Butmyhopeistowriteabookthatwillbeuseful,atleasttothosewhoreaditintelligently,andsoIthoughtitsensibletogostraighttoadiscussionofhowthingsareinreallifeandnotwastetimewithdiscussionofanimaginaryworld.Formanyauthorshaveconstructedimaginaryrepublicsandprincipalitiesthathaveneverexistedinpracticeandnevercould;forthegapbetweenhowpeopleactuallybehaveandhowtheyoughttobehaveissogreatthatanyonewhoignoreseverydayrealityinordertoliveuptoanidealwillsoondiscoverhehasbeentaughthowtodestroyhimself,nothowtopreservehimself.Foranyonewhowantstoactthepartofagoodmaninallcircumstanceswillbringabouthisownruin,forthosehehastodealwithwillnotallbegood.Soitisnecessaryforaruler,ifhewantstoholdontopower,tolearnhownottobegood,andtoknowwhenitisandwhenitisnotnecessarytousethisknowledge.

Letusleavetooneside,then,alldiscussionofimaginaryrulersandtalkaboutpracticalrealities.Imaintainthatallmen,whenpeopletalkaboutthem,andespeciallyrulers,becausetheyholdpositionsofauthority,aredescribedintermsofqualitiesthatareinextricablylinkedtocensureortopraise.Soonemanisdescribedasgenerous,anotherasamiser;oneiscalledopen-handed,anothertight-fisted;onemaniscruel,anothergentle;oneuntrustworthy,anotherself-important;onepromiscuous,anothermonogamous;onestraightforward,anotherduplicitous;onetough,anothereasy-going;oneserious,anothercheerful;onereligious,anotheratheistical;andsoon.

NowIknoweveryonewillagreethatifarulercouldhaveallthegoodqualitiesIhavelistedandnoneofthebadones,thenthiswouldbeanexcellentstateofaffairs.Butonecannothaveallthegoodqualities,noralwaysactinapraiseworthyfashion,forwedonotliveinanidealworld.Youhavetobecannyenoughtoavoidbeingthoughttohavethoseevilqualitiesthatwouldmakeitimpossibleforyoutoretainpower;asforthosethatarecompatiblewithholdingontopower,youshouldavoidthemifyoucan;butifyoucannot,thenyoushouldnotworrytoomuchifpeoplesayyouhavethem.Aboveall,donotbeupsetifyouaresupposedtohavethosevicesarulerneedsifheisgoingtostaysecurelyinpower,for,ifyouthinkaboutit,youwillrealizetherearesomewaysofbehavingthataresupposedtobevirtuous,butwouldleadtoyourdownfall,andothersthataresupposedtobewicked,butwillleadtoyourwelfareandpeaceofmind.

31.Theword“presumptuous”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）.

32.Ifarulerfollowsotherauthors'suggestion,hemight（）.

33.Inthebook,theauthor'sdiscussionmostlikelyfocuseson（）.

34.Ifarulerwantstosecurethepowerinhisownhands,heneeds（）.

35.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe（）.

問題1選項

A.showingdishonesty

B.showingrebellion

C.showingsubmission

D.showingdisrespect

問題2選項

A.tryhisbesttobeagoodeggallthetime

B.understandtheimportantofanauthoritativestatement

C.trytogaingreatfameandhighprestige

D.knowwhentobekindandwhentobecruel

問題3選項

A.presentingarealworldtohisreaders

B.describinganidealsocietytohisreaders

C.explaininghowtoconstructaperfectsystem

D.illustratingwhatawiserulershoulddo

問題4選項

A.wickedcruelty

B.immoralqualities

C.cunningsubjects

D.disreputablerivals

問題5選項

A.OnVirtues

B.OnWisdom

C.OnPraiseandCensure

D.OnPower

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】31.語義題。根據題干關鍵詞，將信息點定位至原文第一段，根據“differgreatlyfromtherecommendationsofothers（與其他人的建議大相徑庭）”即可得出本題答案。

32.

細節推斷題。根據題干關鍵詞“aruler”可將信息點定位至原文第一段最后一句，根據“Soitisnecessaryforaruler,ifhewantstoholdontopower,tolearnhownottobegood,andtoknowwhenitisandwhenitisnotnecessarytousethisknowledge.（所以對于一個統治者來說，如果他想抓住權力不放，就必須學會如何做不好，知道什么時候該做，什么時候不該做）”即可進行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

33.

細節事實題。將信息點定位至原文最后一段。根據“onecannothaveallthegoodqualities,noralwaysactinapraiseworthyfashion（一個人不可能擁有所有的好品質，也不可能總是以值得稱贊的方式行事）”“behavingthataresupposedtobevirtuous（行為應該是善良的）”“leadtoyourwelfareandpeaceofmind.（導致你的幸福和內心的平靜）”即可得出本題答案。

34.細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞“arulerwantstosecurethepower”可將信息點定位至原文最后一段，從而得出本題答案。

35.

主旨大意題。通讀全文，可發現作者探討的是統治者如何穩固統治權利、鞏固自己的統治地位，既要擁有眾多良好的品質，也需要適時采取所謂“不道德”之舉。從而即可得出本題答案。

11.單選題

Therearethreeimportantcausesofinflation.Thefirstandmostimportantcausemaybeexcessivegovernmentspending.Forexample,inorderto（1）awaror（2）socialprograms,thegovernmentmayspendmoremoneythanithasreceivedthroughtaxesandotherrevenue,thuscreatingadeficit.Inorderto（3）thisdeficit,theTreasuryDepartmentcansimply（4）themoneysupplybyissuingmorepapermoneytoreturnthedebtsofthegovernment.Thisincreaseinthemoneysupplywillcausethevalueofthedollarto（5）decrease.Thesecondcauseofinflationwilloccurwhenthemoneysupplyincreasesfasterthanthesupplyofgoods.Ifpeoplehavemoremoney,theywillrunouttobuypopulargoodsliketelevisionandcomputers,forexample,andashortagewillbetheresult,industrywillthenproducemore,athigherprices,to（6）thedemand,（7）ifpeoplethinkthatthepricesofpopulargoodsaregoingup,theywillbuyandevenborrowmoneyathigh（8）ratestopayforthem.Finally,iflaborunionsdemandthatworkers'wages（9）tosuitthehighcostofliving,industrywillmeetthisdemandandaddothercostsofproductiononthe（10）.Ofthesethreecauses,excessivegovernmentspendingmaybethemostimportant.

問題1選項

A.pay

B.finance

C.rouse

D.provide

問題2選項

A.carryoff

B.carryaway

C.carryout

D.carry,over

問題3選項

A.accomplish

B.offset

C.compensate

D.achieve

問題4選項

A.expand

B.extend

C.expend

D.offend

問題5選項

A.excessively

B.automatically

C.approximately

D.appropriately

問題6選項

A.supply

B.imply

C.occupy

D.meet

問題7選項

A.Otherwise

B.Hence

C.However

D.Moreover

問題8選項

A.interests

B.interested

C.interesting

D.interest

問題9選項

A.shouldincrease

B.beincreased

C.areincreased

D.willbeincreased

問題10選項

A.employer

B.manager

C.employee

D.consumer

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:D

【解析】（1）根據句意可知,這里指資助戰爭,只有選項B能與之搭配。

（2）carryoff奪去,使喪命；carryaway運走,使失去自制力；carryout實施,執行；carryover留到以后處理,繼續存在。能與社會項目搭配的只有選項C。

（3）offsetthedeficit為固定搭配,指“彌補財政赤字”,選項B正確。

（4）根據句意：財政部可以通過發行更多的紙幣,簡單地擴大貨幣供應,以此來償還政府的債務來。只有選項A符合句意。

（5）excessively過分地,極度；automatically自動地；approximately大約,近似地；appropriately適當地,相稱地”。句意：貨幣供應量的增加將使美元隨之貶值。這種變化是無意識的,所以選項B更恰當。

（6）meetthedemand為固定搭配,指“滿足需求”,選項D正確。

（7）結合上下文,上句提到如果人們有更多的錢就會擴大消費,導致物資缺乏,工廠會擴大生產,提高價格來滿足需求；下句提到如果人們看到商品價格上漲也會買,甚至不惜借高利貸來支付。下句講述更深一層的結果,前后構成遞進的關系,所以選項D正確。

（8）interestrates為常用詞組搭配,意為“利率”,選項D正確。

（9）考查虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣中與將來事實相反,從句中用“should+動詞原形”,且should可以省略。這里wages與increase是被動關系,所以選項B正確。

（10）根據句意可知,企業提高工人工資,將產品成本轉移到了顧客也就是消費者的身上,選項D符合原文語境。

12.單選題

Duetohisrecentfailuretomeetthedeadline,Jasonis（）fromthelistforpromotion.

問題1選項

A.eliminated

B.retreated

C.pried

D.wrenched

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項eliminated“消除”；B選項retreated“撤退”；C選項pried“撬動”；D選項wrenched“猛扭”。句意：由于最近未能按時完成任務，賈森被從晉升名單上除名了。本句表示從名單上除名。因此A選項正確。

13.單選題

Thedeclineofmarriage:Forricher,forsmarterThetraditionalfamilyisnowthepreserveofaminority.Marriage,anditsmanyupsanddowns,stillexercisesapowerfulholdovernewspapers,magazinesandtheairwaves.Nearly23mAmericanswatchedPrinceWilliambeingjoinedinholymatrimonytoKateMiddleton.Millionsmorehavewallowedinthebreak-upofArnoldSchwarzenegger'smarriageafterrevelationsthathefatheredasonwithamaid.AndthetumescenttweetsofcongressmanAnthonyWeinerhavestirredupendlessspeculationaboutthehealthofhisownyear-oldmarriageandtheforbearanceofhisnewlypregnantwife.

LesstitillatingarerevelationsaboutthesorrystateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStates.DatafromtheCensusBureaushowthatmarriedcouples,forthefirsttime,nowmakeuplessthanhalf(45%)ofallhouseholds.

TheiconicAmericanfamily,withmom,dadandkidsunderoneroof,isfading.Inever,statethenumbersofunmarriedcouples,childlesshouseholdsandsingle-personhouseholdsaregrowingfasterthanthosecomprisedofmarriedpeoplewithchildren,findsthe2010census.Thelatteraccountedfor43%ofhouseholdsin1950;theynowaccountforjust20%.Andthetrendhasapotentclassdimension.Traditionalmarriagehasevolvedfromanear-universalritetoaluxuryfortheeducatedandaffluent.

Therebarelywasamarriagegapin1960:onlyfourpercentagepointsseparatedtheweddedwaysofcollegeandhigh-schoolgraduates(76%versus72%).Thegaphassincewidenedto16percentagepoints,accordingtothePewResearchCentre.ACensusBureauanalysisreleasedthisspringfoundthatbridesaresignificantlymorelikelytohaveacollegedegreethantheywereinthemid-1990s.

“Marriagehasbecomemuchmoreselective,andthat'swhythedivorceratehascomedown,”saidBradfordWilcox,becomemuchmoreselective,andthat’swhythedivorceratehascomedown,”saidBradfordWilcox,directoroftheNationalMarriageProjectattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville.Theprojectfoundthatdivorceratesforcoupleswithcollegedegreesareonlyathirdashighasforthosewithahigh-schooldegree.

Americanswithahigh-schooldegreeorless(whoaccountfor58%ofthepopulation)tellresearcherstheywouldliketomarry,butdon