2022年山西大學英語考試模擬卷ハ（本卷共分為1大題50小題,作答時間為180分鐘,總分100分,60分及格。）單位: 姓名: 考號:題號單選題多項選擇判斷題綜合題總分分值得分ー、單項選擇題（共50題,每題2分。每題的備選項中,只有一個最符合題意）{{BHTEXTCK/BI）PeopIecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings-e.g.,aIcohoIfdrugs,certainfoods,oreventelevision.PeopIewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompuIsive,i.e.vtheyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.Accordingtopsychologists,manypeopIearecompuIsivespenders:theyfeeltheymustspendmoney.ThiscompuIsion,Iikemostothers,isirrational—impossibletoexplainreasonably.ForcompuIsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.Inotherwords,compuIsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Theirpleasureinspendingenormousamountsisactua11ygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.ThereisaspeciaIpsychoIogyofbargainhunting.Tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeopIelookforsales,lowpricesanddiscounts.CompuIsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingstheydon1tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.TheywanttobeIievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame:whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeopIe,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthingsthattheydoandtherealreason.Itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse,whounderstandthepsychoIogyofspendinghabits,butalsobusinesspeopIe.Stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychoIogytoincreasebusiness:theyconsiderpeople9sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalue,theirbeIiefsandopinions,andsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.Psychologistscanoftenuseamethodcalled"behaviortherapy"toheIpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycanhelppeopIewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.Fromthepassage,wecansafeIyconeIudethatcompuIsivespendersorcompuIsivebargainhunters.arereallyunreasonableneedspecialtreatmentarereallybeyondremediescannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblemswithmoneyWhatdoesthemanwanttodoPlaybasketballwithhiscolleagues.Gotohospitalandhaveaphysicalcheck.Loseweightandstrengthenthemuscles.Competeinacyclingracewithcolleagues.{{B}}SectionA({/B}}Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear8shortconversationsand2Iongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswi11beaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswi11bespokenonIyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewi11beapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespond-ingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.Peterisverybusy.Peterworksfast.Peterworkshard.Peterisbehindinstudy.Directions:Inthispart,youwi11have15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,compIetethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.WhyPopMusicSoundsPerfectIfyouhaven'tbeenIisteningtopopradiointhepastfewmonths,you'vemissedtheriseoftwoseeminglyopposingtrends.Inamediurninwhichmediocresinginghasneverbeenabartoentry,alotofpopvocaIssuddenlysoundgreat.Betterthangreat:note-andpitch-perfect,asifthere'sbeenanunspokentighteningofstandardsatrecordIabeIsoranevolutionaryleapinthedeveIopmentofvocalcords.Attheotherextremeareafewhip-hopsingerswhoalsohittheirnotesbutwithaprecisionsoexaggeratedthatonfirstIisten,theirsongssoundcomicallyartificial,Iikeachorusof50srobotssingingMotown.TheforcebehindbothtrendsisaningeniouspIug-incalledAuto-Tune,adownIoadabIestudiotrickthatcantakeavocalandinstantlynudgeitontothepropernoteormoveittothecorrectpitch.It'sIikePhotoshopforthehumanvoice.Auto-Tunedoesn'tmakeitpossibleforjustanyonetosingIikeapro,butusedasitscreatorintended,itcantransformawaveringperformanceintosomethingtechnicallyflawless.MRightnow,ifyouIistentopop,everythingisinperfectpitch,perfecttimeandperfecttune,"saysproducerRickRubin."That'showubiquitousAuto-Tuneis."Auto-Tune'sinventorisamannamedAndyHiIdebrand,whoworkedforyearsinterpretingseismicdatafortheoiIindustry.UsingamathematicaIformuIacaIledautocorreIation,HiIdebrandwouIdsendsoundwavesintothegroundandrecordtheirrefIections,providinganaccuratemapofpotentiaIdrillsites.It'satechniquethatsavesoiIcompanieslotsofmoneyanda11owedHiIdebrandtoretireat40.Hewasdebatingthenextchapterofhislifeatadinnerpartywhenaguestcha11engedhimtoinventaboxthatwouldallowhertosingintune.Afterhetinkeredwithautocorrelationforafewmonths,Auto-Tunewasborninlate1996.Almostimmediately,studioengineersadopteditasatradesecrettofixfIubbednotes,savingthemtheexpenseandhassleofhavingtoredosessions.ThefirsttimecommonearsheardAuto-Tunewasontheimmenselyirritating1998Cherhit"Believe."Inthefirstverse,whenChersings"Ican'tbreakthrough"asthoughshe'sstandingbehindanelectricfan,that'sAuto-Tune-butit'snotthewayHiIdebrandmeantittobeused.Theprogram'sretunespeed,whichadjuststhesinger'svoice,canbesetfromzeroto400."Ifyousetitto10,thatmeansthattheoutputpitchwi11gethaIfwaytothetargetpitchin10milliseconds,nsaysHiIdebrand."Butifyouletthatparametergotozero,itfindsthenearestnoteandchangestheoutputpitchinstantaneously"-eliminatingthenaturaltransitionbetweennotesandmakingthesingersoundjumpyandautomat-ed."Ineverfiguredanyoneintheirrightmindwouldwanttodothat,"hesays.LikeothertrendsspawnedbyCher,thecreativeabuseofAuto-Tunequicklywentoutoffashion,althoughitcontinuedtobeanindispensabIe,ifinaudible,partoftheengineer1stooIbox.Butin2003,T-Pain(FaheemNajm),aIittIe-knownrapperandsinger,accidenta11ystumbIedontotheChereffectwhileAuto-TuningsomeofhisvocaIs."ItJustworkedformyvoice,nsaysT-PaininhisnaturalTailahasseedrawl."Andtherewasn1tanyoneelsedoingit."Sincehis2005debutaIbum,T-PainhassentadozensIightIyraunchy,mechanica11ycheerysinglesintotheTop10.HecontributedtofournominatedsongsatGrammyAward2009,andhisinfluenceissti11spreading.WhenKanyeWestwasIookingforaneffecttomatchsomeheartbrokenlyrics,heflewT-PaintoHawaiitoseehowmanywaystheycouldtweakAuto-Tune.DiddygaveapercentageofhisupcomingaIbum9sprofitstoT-Paininexchangeforsomelessons.EvenPrineeisrumoredtobeexperimentingwithAuto-Tuneonhisnewrecord."Iknow[Auto-Tune]betterthananyone,"saysT-Pain."AndevenI1mjustfiguringoutalIthewaysyoucanuseittochangethemoodofarecord."Rubin,who'sproducedartistsasdiverseastheDixieChicksandMetalIica,worriesthatthesafetynetofAuto-Tuneismakingsingerslazy."Sometimesasingerwi11dolotsoftakeswhenthey'rerecordingasong,andyoureallycanheartheemotionaIdifferencewhensomeonedoesagreatperformancevs.anaverageone,"saysRubin."Ifyou,repitch-correcting,youmightnotbothertomaketheeffort.Youmightjustgetitdoneandputitthroughthemachinesoit'sailintune."Rubinhastakentohavinganethicalconversationbeforeeachnewrecordingsession."1encourVocalcords.Hip-hopsingers.Motown.Auto-Tune.Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwi11hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswi11bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.WhatisthedifferencebetweenMySpaceandotherwebsitesItallowsonetoshowhispersonalinformation.Itoffersonlythechildren'spersonalinformation.ItisagainstparentsJwilltoeducatethekids.Itonlyoffersstoriesaboutotherpeople.Whatisthewoman,sprofessionAliteratureprofessor.Anacademicadvisor.DeanoftheEnglishDepartment.ADoctorofAppliedLinguistics.7.Accordingtothespeaker,whatproblemmayindoorairpollutionbring7.Accordingtothespeaker,whatproblemmayindoorairpollutionbringtopeopIeA.Theymayfeelexhausted.B.Theymayfeelverynervous.C.Theymayhaveheartache.D.Theymaysufferacold.A.Theymayfeelexhausted.B.Theymayfeelverynervous.C.Theymayhaveheartache.D.Theymaysufferacold.8.Whatisthewoman'sfirstsuggestiontoherhus-bandWhatisthewoman'A.B.Heshouldstartwithalightworkout.A.B.Heshouldgotohaveacheck-up.Heshouldeatlessfattyfoods.Heshouldvisitafitnesstrainer.9.WhymustairbepumpedintotheplaneTheplanecan'tflywithoutair.Theplaneneedsairforitsrefueling.Itmeetsthepassengers'needs.Itmeetsthepilots'needs.Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwi11hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswi11bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmust

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutMySpaceA.Itsareliablewaytomakefriendsonline.It is convenientto get inIt is regardedasa way ofIt is convenientto get inIt is regardedasa way ofIt is regardedasa way oftouchwiththeirparents.judginghighschoolpopularity.judgingsubjectscores.WhatcausestheindoorairpollutionaccordingtothespeakerThebuildingmethodthebuildersusetosaveenergy.Thelimitoftheflowofairbetweeninsideandoutside.Theuseofman-madebuildingmaterials.Thelimitofair-flowandtheman-madematerials.12.WhydoesthemanresorttothewomanToinquireaboutswitchingmajors.Tofindahelpingsupervisor.Tomakeuptheremainingcredits.Toapplyforamaster'sdegree.Directions:Inthispart,youwi11have15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,compIetethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.WhyPopMusicSoundsPerfectIfyouhaven'tbeenIisteningtopopradiointhepastfewmonths,you,vemissedtheriseoftwoseeminglyopposingtrends.Inamediurninwhichmediocresinginghasneverbeenabartoentry,alotofpopvocaIssuddenlysoundgreat.Betterthangreat:note-andpitch-perfect,asifthere'sbeenanunspokentighteningofstandardsatrecordIabeIsoranevolutionaryleapinthedeveIopmentofvocalcords.Attheotherextremeareafewhip-hopsingerswhoalsohittheirnotesbutwithaprecisionsoexaggeratedthatonfirstIisten,theirsongssoundcomica11yartificial,Iikeachorusof50srobotssingingMotown.TheforcebehindbothtrendsisaningeniouspIug-inca11edAuto-Tune,adownIoadabIestudiotrickthatcantakeavocalandinstantlynudgeitontothepropernoteormoveittothecorrectpitch.It'sIikePhotoshopforthehumanvoice.Auto-Tunedoesn'tmakeitpossibleforjustanyonetosingIikeapro,butusedasitscreatorintended,itcantransformawaveringperformanceintosomethingtechnicallyflawless."Rightnow,ifyouIistentopop,everythingisinperfectpitch,perfecttimeandperfecttune,nsaysproducerRickRubin."That'showubiquitousAuto-Tuneis."Auto-Tune,sinventorisamannamedAndyHiIdebrand,whoworkedforyearsinterpretingseismicdatafortheoiIindustry.UsingamathematicaIformuIacaIledautocorreIation,HiIdebrandwouIdsendsoundwavesintothegroundandrecordtheirrefIections,providinganaccuratemapofpotentiaIdrillsites.It'satechniquethatsavesoiIcompanieslotsofmoneyanda11owedHiIdebrandtoretireat40.Hewasdebatingthenextchapterofhislifeatadinnerpartywhenaguestcha11engedhimtoinventaboxthatwouIdaIIowhertosingintune.Afterhetinkeredwithautocorrelationforafewmonths,Auto-Tunewasborninlate1996.Almostimmediately,studioengineersadopteditasatradesecrettofixfIubbednotes,savingthemtheexpenseandhassleofhavingtoredosessions.ThefirsttimecommonearsheardAuto-Tunewasontheimmenselyirritating1998Cherhit"Believe."Inthefirstverse,whenChersings"Icantbreakthrough"asthoughshe'sstandingbehindanelectricfan,that,sAuto-Tune-butit'snotthewayHiIdebrandmeantittobeused.Theprogram'sretunespeed,whichadjuststhesinger'svoice,canbesetfromzeroto400."Ifyousetitto10,thatmeansthattheoutputpitchwi11gethaIfwaytothetargetpitchin10milliseconds,"saysHiIdebrand."Butifyouletthatparametergotozero,itfindsthenearestnoteandchangestheoutputpitchinstantaneously"-eliminatingthenaturaltransitionbetweennotesandmakingthesingersoundjumpyandautomat-ed."Ineverfiguredanyoneintheirrightmindwouldwanttodothat,"hesays.LikeothertrendsspawnedbyCher,thecreativeabuseofAuto-Tunequicklywentoutoffashion,althoughitcontinuedtobeanindispensabIefifinaudible,partoftheengineer'stooIbox.Butin2003,T-Pain(FaheemNajm),aIittIe-knownrapperandsinger,accidenta11ystumbIedontotheChereffectwhileAuto-Tuningsomeofhisvocals."Itjustworkedformyvoice,"saysT-PaininhisnaturalTailahasseedrawl."Andtherewasn'tanyoneelsedoingit."Sineehis2005debutaIbum,'F-PainhassentadozensIightIyraunchy,mechanica11ycheerysinglesintotheTop10.HecontributedtofournominatedsongsatGrammyAward2009,andhisinfluenceissti11spreading.WhenKanyeWestwasIookingforaneffecttomatchsomeheartbrokenlyrics,heflewT-PaintoHawaiitoseehowmanywaystheycouldtweakAuto-Tune.Diddygaveapercentageofhisupcomingalbum'sprofitstoT-Paininexchangeforsomelessons.EvenPrinceisrumoredtobeexperimentingwithAuto-Tuneonhisnewrecord.MIknow[Auto-Tune]betterthananyone,“saysT-Pain."AndevenドmjustfiguringoutalIthewaysyoucanuseittochangethemoodofarecord."Rubin,who'sproducedartistsasdiverseastheDixieChicksandMetalIica,worriesthatthesafetynetofAuto-Tuneismakingsingerslazy."Sometimesasingerwi11dolotsoftakeswhenthey'rerecordingasong,andyoureallycanheartheemotionaIdifferencewhensomeonedoesagreatperformancevs.anaverageone,"saysRubin."Ifyou'repitch-correcting,youmightnotbothertomaketheeffort.Youmightjustgetitdoneandputitthroughthemachinesoit'sailintune."Rubinhastakentohavinganethicalconversationbeforeeachnewrecordingsession."IencourarecordfactorytheoilindustryaconsultationcompanytheadvertisingindustryWhydoesthewomansuggestthemancycleIthelpsimprovethephysicalhealth.Itisgoodforasoundsleep.Ithelpsdevelopmentaltoughness.Ithelpsloseweight.{{B}}SectionA({/B)}Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear8shortconversationsand2Iongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswi11beaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswi11bespokenonIyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewi11beapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespond-ingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.FlytoClevelanddirectly.TakeaconnectingflightatSeattle.BuytheticketatSeattle.Buyadomesticairlineticket.WhatisthemosteffectivewaytocleantheairToletoutcleangas.Totakeinharmfulgas.Tousevariousplants.Tolettheairflowfreely.Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwi11hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswi11bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.WhatisthesecurityproblemofMySpaceaccordingtoBuchananTherearetoomanycomplaintsfromnetusers.Hackers9attackofMySpacecannotbeforbidden.Parentscannothelpcheckingchildren*sinformation.Itiseasyfortrouble-makerstodoharmtochildren.WhydoesthemanwanttotakeupTeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguageHecan*tcatchupwithhisclassmates.HefindstheEnglishcourseloadtooheavy.Heisnotinterestedinhispresentmajor.HeisgoodatAppliedLinguistics.Whatwi11possiblycausetheplanetocrashTheplanefliesathighaltitudes.Theplaneisfilledwithair.Themetalstructureoftheplaneisverystrong.Asmallpartoftheplanecracks.{{B}}SectionA{{/B}}Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear8shortconversationsand2Iongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswi11beaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswiIIbespokenonIyonce.AftereachquestiontherewiIIbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)vC)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespond-ingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.Heknowswheretogetanewmap.Hewillhelpthewomanreadthemap.Hehasalreadyseenthelibrary.Hewillgotothelibraryaswell.Directions:Inthispart,youwi11have15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1,Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,compIetethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.WhyPopMusicSoundsPerfectIfyouhaven'tbeenIisteningtopopradiointhepastfewmonths,you,vemissedtheriseoftwoseeminglyopposingtrends.Inamediurninwhichmediocresinginghasneverbeenabartoentry,alotofpopvocaIssuddenlysoundgreat.Betterthangreat:note-andpitch-perfect,asifthere'sbeenanunspokentighteningofstandardsatrecordIabeIsoranevolutionaryleapinthedeveIopmentofvocalcords.Attheotherextremeareafewhip-hopsingerswhoalsohittheirnotesbutwithaprecisionsoexaggeratedthatonfirstIisten,theirsongssoundcomicallyartificial,Iikeachorusof50srobotssingingMotown.Theforcebehindbothtrendsisaningeniousplug-incalledAuto-Tune,adownIoadabIestudiotrickthatcantakeavocalandinstantlynudgeitontothepropernoteormoveittothecorrectpitch.It'sIikePhotoshopforthehumanvoice.Auto-Tunedoesn,tmakeitpossibleforjustanyonetosingIikeapro,butusedasitscreatorintended,itcantransformawaveringperformanceintosomethingtechnicaIIyflawless."Rightnow,ifyouIistentopop,everythingisinperfectpitch,perfecttimeandperfecttune,"saysproducerRickRubin."That'showubiquitousAuto-Tuneis.nAuto-Tune,sinventorisamannamedAndyHiIdebrand,whoworkedforyearsinterpretingseismicdatafortheoiIindustry.UsingamathematicaIformuIaca11edautocorreIation,HiIdebrandwouIdsendsoundwavesintothegroundandrecordtheirreflections,providinganaccuratemapofpotentiaIdrillsites.It'satechniquethatsavesoiIcompanieslotsofmoneyandaIIowedHiIdebrandtoretireat40.Hewasdebatingthenextchapterofhislifeatadinnerpartywhenaguestcha11engedhimtoinventaboxthatwouIdallowhertosingintune.Afterhetinkeredwithautocorrelationforafewmonths,Auto-Tunewasborninlate1996.Almostimmediately,studioengineersadopteditasatradesecrettofixfIubbednotes,savingthemtheexpenseandhassleofhavingtoredosessions.ThefirsttimecommonearsheardAuto-Tunewasontheimmenselyirritating1998Cherhit"Believe."Inthefirstverse,whenChersings"Ican'tbreakthrough"asthoughshe'sstandingbehindanelectricfan,that'sAuto-Tune-butit'snotthewayHiIdebrandmeantittobeused.Theprogram'sretunespeed,whichadjuststhesinger'svoice,canbesetfromzeroto400."Ifyousetitto10,thatmeansthattheoutputpitchwi11gethaIfwaytothetargetpitchin10milliseconds,“saysHiIdebrand."Butifyouletthatparametergotozero,itfindsthenearestnoteandchangestheoutputpitchinstantaneously"-eliminatingthenaturaltransitionbetweennotesandmakingthesingersoundjumpyandautomat-ed."Ineverfiguredanyoneintheirrightmindwouldwanttodothat,"hesays.LikeothertrendsspawnedbyCher,thecreativeabuseofAuto-Tunequicklywentoutoffashion,althoughitcontinuedtobeanindispensabIe,ifinaudible,partoftheengineer1stooIbox.Butin2003,T-Pain(FaheemNajm)vaIittIe-knownrapperandsinger,accidentaIIystumbIedontotheChereffectwhileAuto-TuningsomeofhisvocaIs."Itjustworkedformyvoice,"saysT-PaininhisnaturalTailahasseedrawl."Andtherewasn1tanyoneelsedoingit."Sineehis2005debutaIbum,T-PainhassentadozensIightIyraunchy,mechanica11ycheerysinglesintotheTop10.HecontributedtofournominatedsongsatGrammyAward2009,andhisinfluenceissti11spreading.WhenKanyeWestwasIookingforaneffecttomatchsomeheartbrokenlyrics,heflewT-PaintoHawaiitoseehowmanywaystheycouldtweakAuto-Tune.DiddygaveapercentageofhisupcomingaIbum1sprofitstoT-Paininexchangeforsomelessons.EvenPrinceisrumoredtobeexperimentingwithAuto-Tuneonhisnewrecord."Iknow[Auto-Tune]betterthananyone,"saysT-Pain."AndevenI'mjustfiguringoutalIthewaysyoucanuseittochangethemoodofarecord."Rubin,who1sproducedartistsasdiverseastheDixieChicksandMetalIica,worriesthatthesafetynetofAuto-Tuneismakingsingerslazy."Sometimesasingerwi11dolotsoftakeswhenthey1rerecordingasong,andyoureallycanheartheemotionaIdifferencewhensomeonedoesagreatperformancevs.anaverageone,"saysRubin."Ifyou1repitch-correcting,youmightnotbothertomaketheeffort.Youmightjustgetitdoneandputitthroughthemachinesoit1sailintune."RubinhastakentohavinganethicaIconversationbeforeeachnewrecordingsession."Iencourwhenhewas40intheyear1996forfinancialpurposeforhisownchildrenHowmanycreditsshouIdthemanobtaintogetamaster'sdegreeTwenty-fourcredits.Twelvecredits.ThreeCredits.Thirty-sixcredits.Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwi11hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswi11bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.WhatdoesthepassagemainlytalkaboutWhatdoestheDoparentslikeMySpaceIsMySpacegoodorbadMySpaceisthehomeofchildren.D.MySpaceisthebankofchildren*sinformation.D.24.ForwhatpurposedoesthepilotshutoffalItheenginesTofindoutexactlywhathappens.Tosavefueltoflylonger.Tofindoutwherethebigstoneis.Toflyevenmoreslowly.25.Humansontheearthhavehadanover-infIatedviewofhowfarthepIanet'satmosphereextendsintospace.Itturnsoutthattheionosphere(電離層)，thelayerofelectricallychargedparticlesthatcomprisestheouteratmosphere,isthinnerthanexpected-andcooler.Understandingtheshapeandsizeoftheionosphereisanimportantfirststepinfiguringouthowparticularlydenseregionswithinitmaydistortradio,radarandnavigationsignals.Suchdistortionscanmakecommunicationsandsate11ite-basedsystemslessreIiable.MInordertopredicthowseverethosedistortionswillbe,it'snecessarytoknowhowbigthosestructuresintheionosphereareandwheretheyexist,nRoderickHeiIis,withtheSpacesciencesCenterattheUniversityofTexasinDallas,toldDiscoveryNews.He11isandhisco11eagueshavebeenusingasuiteofNASAinstrumentscalledCINDI,whichflyontheU.S.AirForceCommunication/NavigationOutageForecastSystem(C/NOFS)sate11itebetween250milesand530milesaroundtheplanet'sequator.TheresearchersneverexpectedtoencountertheedgeofEarth'sionosphereatthosealtitudes,butthatisexactIywhathappenedduringthesummerof2008,atimewhenthesolaractivitywasunusuallyweak.n11wasareaIcombinationofIowsoIaractivityandthesate11ite'srange,MHe11issaid.nWedidn'texpecttobeabletolookatthetopoftheionosphereinalIplaces."Computermodelsbasedonpreviousresearchhadpredictedtheionospheretobeabout370milesaboveEarthatnightandabout620milesupduringtheday-thevariationduetotemperatureandotherfactors.Instead,theCINDIteamdiscoveredthatthetransitionbetweentheionosphereandspacewasabout250milesaboveEarthatnightandabout500milesupduringtheday.Theionosphereisprimarilycausedbyextremeultravioletenergyfromthesun."It'spowerfulenoughthatthosephotons（光子）canionize（使??????電離）atomsinEarth'supperatmosphere,"saidDavidHathaway,asolarphysicistatNASA'sMarshalISpaceFIightCenterinHuntsviIIe,Ala."Whenyouhaveageomagneticdisturbanceorasolarflaregoingoff,youcangetanionospherethatisuneven,whichcancauseproblemswithradiosignaIsandGPSsate11itesignals,whichhavetopassthrough."ThefindingswerepresentedattheannuaIAmericanGeophysicalUnionconferenceinSanFranciscolastmonth.CINDIisanacronymforCoupIedIonNeutralDynamicsInvestigation.ThedeviceworksbyseparatelymeasuringionizedandneutralparticlesataltitudeswheretheAirForcesate11iteflies.Asimilardeviceisonanotherpolar-orbitingAirForcespacecraft.The