歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！UNIT4單元主題訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·深圳市模擬)ThestartoftheUSAtlantichurricaneseasonisjustovertwoweeksawayandforecastersareexpectingparticularlyhighactivitythisyear.WithwarmerthanusualconditionsexpectedintheNorthAtlanticthissummer,meteorologistshavepredictedthattheseasoncouldproduceeightormorehurricanes.Whileforecasterscannotpredicthowmanyhurricanes—ifany—willmakelandfall,thepotentialfordangerousstormstostrikethesouthernandeasterncoastsbringsanadditionalproblemforauthoritiesalreadystrugglingwiththeCOVID-19.ExpertssaythattheCOVID-19isaffectingthecapabilitiesoftheFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA)andotherorganisationsinvolvedinrespondingtonaturaldisasters.RetiredUSArmyLieutenantGeneralJeffreyTalley,whonowleadsglobaleffortsondisastermanagementatIBM'sCentrefortheBusinessofGovernment,saidthatwithFEMAandotherauthoritiesengagedwithrespondingtotheCOVID-19,resourceswillbelimitedifahurricanestrikes.“Whenwelookatadisaster...Ithinkofitintermsofhowwepreparefor,respondtoandrecoverfromthosetypesofevents，”Talleysaid.“Rightnowwe'reinthemiddleoftheresponseofCOVID-19.Noneofusarereallysurehowlongit'sgoingtolastandhowtheresponsetodisastersisgoingtobedifferent,say,twomonthsfromnow,sixmonthsfromnow,soonandsoforth，”hesaid.AccordingtoTalley,theCOVID-19couldcomplicatetheresponsetoahurricanebyinterruptingtheflowofemergencysuppliestoareaswheretheyareurgentlyneededatcrucialmoments.Socialdistancingandstay-at-homeorderswillalsoforceauthoritiesalongthesouthandeastcoasttorethinkhowtheymanagepeoplewhomustleavetheirhomesintheeventofadisaster.Whilemanystatesarealreadyliftingsomelockdownrestrictions,socialdistancingwillstillbeimportantformanymonthstocome.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了美國(guó)氣象預(yù)報(bào)員預(yù)計(jì)今年的颶風(fēng)活動(dòng)會(huì)特別頻繁，然而COVID-19正在影響美國(guó)聯(lián)邦緊急事務(wù)管理局和其他參與應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的組織能力。1．WhenwillthefirsthurricanepossiblyarriveinUSthissummer?A．Inabouteightdays.B．Inaboutsixmonths.C．Inabouttwomonths.D．Inmorethantwoweeks.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，距離美國(guó)大西洋颶風(fēng)季節(jié)的開(kāi)始還有兩個(gè)多星期，氣象預(yù)報(bào)員預(yù)計(jì)今年的颶風(fēng)活動(dòng)會(huì)特別頻繁。2．AccordingtoTalley,howcouldCOVID-19influencetheresponsetoahurricane?A．Morepeoplewillleavehometofightagainstahurricane.B．Rescuematerialsmightnotreachdisasterareassometimes.C．Lockdowncangreatlyreducedamageandinjury.D．Thepandemicmakesithardertopredicthurricanes.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，據(jù)Talley說(shuō)，新冠肺炎可能會(huì)中斷向在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻急需物資的地區(qū)運(yùn)送緊急物資，從而使應(yīng)對(duì)颶風(fēng)的工作復(fù)雜化。3．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Peoplethroughoutthecountrynolongerneedtostayathome.B．Thestategovernmentsareconfidentabouttacklinghurricanes.C．Authoritiesalongthecoastswillsticktotheformerorders.D．Itisnecessarytokeepsocialdistanceinthecomingmonths.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，保持社交距離和留在家里的命令也將迫使南部和東部沿海地區(qū)的政府重新考慮如何管理那些在災(zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)必須離開(kāi)家園的人們。雖然許多州已經(jīng)解除了一些封鎖限制，但在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月里，社交距離仍然很重要。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MoreDestructiveHurricanestoBeExpectedB．MoreDifficulttoForecastHurricanesComingC．COVID-19toWorsenHurricaneResponseD．SocialDistancingNeededinComingMonths解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第三段可知，專(zhuān)家表示COVID-19正在影響美國(guó)聯(lián)邦緊急事務(wù)管理局和其他參與應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的組織能力。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)最符合文章標(biāo)題。BPeopleacrossWesternEuropeareexperiencingaheatwavethisweek,withtheworststilltocomeonThursday.Officialssoundedhigh-temperaturehealthwarningsonWednesday,mindfulthatsomeheatwavesbeforehadcausedthousandsofdeathsacrossanareawherepeoplearenotusedtosuchweatherandfewhomeshaveairconditioning.RenéPierron,51,astreetcleaneratParisCityHall,wasnotlucky,andsaiditwasdifficulttoworkoutdoorsundersuchconditions.“Thebuildingsandroadsheretaketheheatinduringthedayandactlikeradiators(散熱器)—it'sunbearable，”hesaidwhiletakingabreakneartheAvenuedesChamps-élysées.KateSimmonds,also51,whoworksinarestaurantincentralLondon,couldcommiserate(同情)．“It'ssohot—wecan'tworklikethis，”shesaidonWednesday.Butshesaidbusinesswasgoodthisweek,withplentyofpeoplebuyingcolddrinksandicecream.Nationafternationhavegivenhealth-relatedwarningforpeoplebecomingtiredandweakintheheat.Belgiumgaveitshighestwarningsinceitsweatherwarningsystemwasputinplace20yearsago,andGermanyplacedthewholecountryunderaheatwarning.Britain'sweatherservice,theMetOffice,placedfiveofEngland'snineareas,includingLondon,ona“LevelThree”heathealthwatch,onelevelshortofanationalemergency.LizBentley,thechiefexecutiveofBritain'sRoyalMeteorologicalSociety,warned，“WhileacountrylikeBritainisnotusedtoheatwaves,theycouldbecomemorecommonbecauseofthechangingclimate.IfyouliveinaMediterraneancountry,thepopulationadaptstothesetemperatures.Butwe'llseethenumberofdeathsgoupinthenextcomingdays.”GraceKnee,29,wasanexception,lovingtheheat.“Ilovethisweather，”shesaid,addingthatshehadappliedstrongsunscreenbeforestayingunderthesun.“Ijustlikegettingatan(曬黑的皮膚)．”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是新聞報(bào)道。熱浪席卷歐洲大陸，各國(guó)紛紛拉響警報(bào)。5．WhatdidRenéPierronthinkoftheweather?A．Itcreatedsomebusinesschances.B．Itmadehisworkmoredifficult.C．Itmightleadtopeopledying.D．Itwouldendsoon.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，RenéPierron認(rèn)為此次高溫使他的戶(hù)外工作變得很困難。6．HowdidGermanydealwiththeheatwave?A．Ithadcarriedoutmanyhelpfulactions.B．Itsuggestedpeoplestayawayfromwork.C．Itwarnedthewholecountryoftheheat.D．Itprovidedairconditioningforpoorpeople.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Germanyplacedthewholecountryunderaheatwarning”可知，德國(guó)向全體國(guó)民發(fā)出了高溫警告。7．WhatdoLizBentley'swordsmean?A．Suchweatherwillappearmorefrequently.B．TheweatherhaslittleinfluenceonBritain.C．Thousandsofpeoplewilldiebecauseoftheweather.D．Peoplehavefullyrealizedthedangeroftheweather.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段LizBentley說(shuō)的話(huà)可知，LizBentley認(rèn)為，由于氣候變化的原因，此類(lèi)天氣會(huì)出現(xiàn)得更加頻繁。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．HeatwavespreadsacrossEuropeB．HeatwavemakesthingsbadforhumanbeingsC．EuropetriestofindwaystodealwithheatwaveD．Heatwavecallsforpeopletoprotecttheenvironment解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。該報(bào)道指出，歐洲各國(guó)受熱浪影響，氣溫屢創(chuàng)新高，各國(guó)針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象，紛紛拉響高溫警報(bào)。因此，A項(xiàng)適合作本文的標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Apowerfulmagnitude7.1temblorrockedSouthernCaliforniaonJuly5,2019,just34hoursafteramagnitude6.4earthquakehitthesamearea.Thislatesteventwaswidelyfelt.__9__Aftershocksareexpectedtocontinue.Earthquakesarealsocalledtemblors.__10__It'shardtoimaginetheyhappenbythethousandseverydayaroundtheworld,usuallyintheformofsmalltremors.Some80%ofalltheplanet'searthquakeshappenalongtherim(邊緣)ofthePacificOcean.__11__Thatisbecauseofalotofvolcanicactivitythere,aswell.Scientistsgiveamagnituderatingtoearthquakesbasedonthestrengthanddurationoftheirseismic(地震的)waves.Amagnitudeof3to4.9isconsideredminororlight;5to6.9ismoderate(中等的)tostrong;7to7.9ismajor;and8ormoreisgreat.__12__Some10,000peopledieinearthquakeseveryyear.Earthquakesmayalsoleadtoothernaturaldisasters.Smallertemblorsthatusuallyhappeninthedaysfollowingalargeearthquakecancausefurtherdeathanddamage.__13__A．Itiscalledthe“RingofFire”．B．Theycancausehugedamage.C．Protectyourselfasquicklyaspossible.D．Infact,amagnitude8quakestrikessomewhereeveryyear.E．Lossoflifecanbeavoidedthroughplanningandeducation.F．Oneimportantwayistotrytomakeyourhomeassafeaspossible.G．ItcausedseveralfiresanddamagetobuildingsandroadsinRidgecrestandnearby.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。文章以2019年發(fā)生在加利福尼亞州的地震為例介紹了地震的相關(guān)知識(shí)。9．選G上文中提到加利福尼亞州發(fā)生了7.1級(jí)地震，G項(xiàng)指出了此次地震所造成的結(jié)果，其中的It指代上文中的“Apowerfulmagnitude7.1temblor”。10．選BB項(xiàng)中的They指代上文中的Earthquakes，B項(xiàng)中的“causehugedamage”與下文中的“It'shardtoimaginetheyhappen”語(yǔ)義上形成連貫，指出地震的危害。11．選A下文中的“alotofvolcanicactivitythere”解釋了A項(xiàng)中“RingofFire”——環(huán)太平洋火山帶的含義。12．選DD項(xiàng)承接上文中的“8ormoreisgreat”，與下文中的“Some10,000peopledieinearthquakeseveryyear”之間是并列關(guān)系，指出了全球每年地震發(fā)生的概況。13．選E上句提到大地震之后發(fā)生的震級(jí)較小的地震會(huì)造成進(jìn)一步的死亡與損失。E項(xiàng)指出了避免造成這一損失的方法與措施。Ⅲ.完形填空Everyfamilyshouldhaveanemergencykitintheirhome.Ifthereisanearthquakeorahurricane,forexample,therecouldbea__14__cut,orthewatercouldgetpolluted.Youmightbe__15__atyourhomeforseveraldaysbecauseofastormoraflood.Havinganemergencykit__16__couldhelpifanythinglikethis__17__.Youremergencykitmightincludethefollowing__18__：Thefirstaidkitshouldincludealcohol,cottonwool,bandages,painkillers,cleanbottledwaterandburnointment.Itis__19__tokeepnon-perishable(不易腐壞的)foodsupplies.Inotherwords,foodthatwon'tspoil(變質(zhì))outofthefridge，suchascannedfood.Thereshouldbe__20__foodforthreedays.Itisbetterifthefooddoesnothavetobecooked.Don't__21__thecanopener!It'sagood__22__foreachfamilymembertohavea__23__changeofclothes,includingwaterproofshoesandaraincoat,aswellassomewarmblanketsincaseyouhaveto__24__outdoors,justasifyouwerecamping!Otherthingsyoucan__25__thekitare:flashlightandsparebatteries,paperandpencils,mobileradio,matchesandcandles.Don'tforgetthesethingsneedtobecheckedregularlytobesurethatthey__26__well.Checktheexpiry(期滿(mǎn))__27__onanycannedfood.Youcanalsoputinabackpacksomeofthethingsthatare__28__toyou,suchasatoyorsomethingelsethatyoucareabout.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)急包的重要性以及應(yīng)急包里應(yīng)該放置哪些東西。14．A.paper B．priceC．knife D．power解析：選D設(shè)空處與下文中的“thewatercouldgetpolluted”應(yīng)該是發(fā)生地震或者颶風(fēng)之后可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。只有apowercut(斷電)符合語(yǔ)境。15．A.relaxed B．a(chǎn)loneC．stuck D．free解析：選C由下文中的“atyourhome”可知，你受災(zāi)不得不困在家里好幾天。stuck(被困)符合語(yǔ)境，說(shuō)明是一種無(wú)奈之舉。16．A.clean B．preparedC．open D．paid解析：選B由本段的中心句“Everyfamilyshouldhaveanemergencykitintheirhome.”以及上文列舉的情況可知，這里是說(shuō)當(dāng)上述災(zāi)難“發(fā)生(happens)”時(shí)，“準(zhǔn)備(prepared)”好應(yīng)急包的必要性。17．A.happens B．changesC．stops D．chooses解析：選A參見(jiàn)上題解析。18．A.plans B．tipsC．disasters D．supplies解析：選D下文提到的急救藥箱、不容易腐壞的食物和備用衣服都是應(yīng)急包里應(yīng)該有的東西。故supplies(補(bǔ)給品)符合語(yǔ)境。19．A.unspeakable B．reusableC．a(chǎn)dvisable D．a(chǎn)dmirable解析：選C由上文中的“Youremergencykitmightinclude”可知，不易腐壞的食物是作者認(rèn)為需要放在應(yīng)急包里的東西。故advisable(明智的)符合語(yǔ)境。20．A.some B．enoughC．hot D．delicious解析：選B根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，這里應(yīng)該指準(zhǔn)備好夠三天的食物，以備不時(shí)之需。21．A.forget B．bringC．try D．buy解析：選A由上文中的“cannedfood”及常識(shí)可知，準(zhǔn)備罐頭食品，自然也要準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)罐器。故這里表示不要忘記準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)罐器。22．A.dream B．excuseC．idea D．chance解析：選C為每個(gè)家庭成員準(zhǔn)備好這些東西是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的主意。23．A.sudden B．dailyC．spare D．real解析：選C根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，應(yīng)急包放置的衣服應(yīng)該是為家人準(zhǔn)備好可替換的衣服。故選spare，表示“備用的”。24．A.sleep B．tourC．run D．cook解析：選A由下文中的“asifyouwerecamping”可知，就像野營(yíng)時(shí)一樣，毯子的作用是保暖，以在戶(hù)外休息時(shí)御寒。25．A.takein B．getinC．turnin D．putin解析：選D由上文中的“Youremergencykitmightinclude”可知，這里指應(yīng)急包里還應(yīng)該放置的其他東西。putin...“把……放到……里”。26．A.play B．workC．deliver D．know解析：選B定期檢查應(yīng)急包里所含物品的目的是要確保這些應(yīng)急的物品能用。work表示“奏效，起作用”。27．A.date B．noticeC．law D．value解析：選A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，食物是有保質(zhì)期的。因此這里指罐裝食物包裝盒上的有效期。28．A.boring B．importantC．new D．a(chǎn)cceptable解析：選B根據(jù)常識(shí)及下文中的“suchasatoyorsomethingelsethatyoucareabout”可知，放入應(yīng)急包里的東西應(yīng)是對(duì)你重要的。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空Naturalphenomena(現(xiàn)象)cansometimesstrikeveryhardandcausedisastersifeffectivemeasureshavenotbeentakenorifsomehuman__1__(activity)haveharmedthenaturalenvironment.Forexample,toomuchwaterthatthesoil__2__(be)unabletotakeincancausefloods,whiletoolittlewaterinsomeareascanleadtodrought.Butpeoplecanmakesituations__3__(bad),forexample,whentreesarecutdownandnonewones__4__(plant)．Thismakesthesoilverydry,whichcancreateconditions__5__(high)suitableforsoilbeingblownaway.What'smore,whenraincomes,theremightnotbeenoughrootsandplantcover__6__(make)thesoilsticktogether,andalandslidecantakeplace.Mostwildfiresarecauseddirectlyorindirectly__7__people.Farmers,forexample,sometimesburn__8__(they)fieldstodealwithwildplantsbeforeplanting,andthefirecangetoutofcontrol.Sometimespeoplearecarelesswhensmokingorforgettoputoutcampfireswhentheygocamping.Alittlesparkissometimesallittakestostart__9__fire.Ifwedestroypartsofnaturesuchasforestsandmountainplants,wearedestroyingthenaturalbarriers__10__protectusfromtsunamis,droughts,landslides,floodsandotherdisasters.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了人類(lèi)與自然災(zāi)害之間的關(guān)系。1．a(chǎn)ctivities考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指“一些人類(lèi)活動(dòng)