PAGEPAGE17/17Unit1Thehumanbody（插入部分）MedicalTerminologyPrefixesa-,an-

Meaningnotwithout

Examplesasymptomatic anemiade-reversedefibrillator 除顫劑removefromdehydration 脫水ab-awayfromabductor外展肌abnormality 異常ad-,ac-,af-,ag-towardadductor內收肌acceptor受體afferent傳入的，輸入的aggravate加重，加劇（病情等）ante-beforeantenatal產前的forwardanteversion 前傾post-afterbehindpostpartal產后的postdigestive 消化后的supra-infra-

abovebeyondbelow

supracranialsupranasalinfracostal

顱上的鼻上的肋下的beneath

infrared

紅外線hyper-

aboveexcessivebeyond

hypertensionhyperglycemia

高血壓高血糖hypo-epi-

underdeficientbelowabove

hypothalamus 下丘腦hypothyroidism 甲狀腺功能減epithelial上皮的over epidermisuponsub-

under

subcutaneous 皮下的beneath

subhepatic

肝下的intra-

within

intravenousintramuscular

靜脈內的肌內的extra- outside extracellularextracranial

細胞外的顱外的endo- inside endocrine內分泌的within

endocarditis

心內膜炎ex-,exo-

out

exocrineexotoxin

外分泌的外毒素inter- between intercostalinterneuron

肋間的中間神經元circum- around circumvascular 血管周的circumrenal 腎周的peri- around

pericardial

心包的surrounding periosteum骨膜ana-

upbackwardagainst

anabolismanatomy解剖學cata-

downunder

catabolismcatalysis

分解代謝催化contra-

against

contraindication

禁忌癥opposite contraception 避孕anti-

against

antibioticantiviral

抗生素抗病毒的；抗病毒藥dys- abnormaldifficult

dyspepsiadyspnea呼吸困難badimpairedeu-goodeugenics優生學normaleupepsia消化正常para-alongsideparasympathetic 副交感的nearbeyondparathyroid甲狀旁腺paralysis癱瘓，麻痹abnormaldia-throughdialysis透析throughoutdiagnosis診斷bi-twobiceps二頭肌bilateral兩側的semi-halfsemipermeable 半透性的meta-changesemilunar半月形的metabolism新陳代謝metastasis轉移trans-acrosstransplantation transaminase 轉氨酶ultra-beyondultrasonography 超聲檢查法excessultramicroscope 超顯微鏡Unit2Humandiseases（插入部分）MedicalTerminologySuffixes Meaning Examples-anominalending-e

actprocesscondition

aerobia 需氧菌placenta 胎盤lymphocyte淋巴細isotope 同位素-is cutis皮膚prognosis 預后-on neuron神經元colon結腸-um cerebrum大腦pericardium心包-us stimulus刺激物nucleus核-ybiopsy活組織檢查physiology 生理學-accardiac心臟的；賁門的-aceoussebaceous皮脂的-albuccal頰的-armuscular肌肉的adjectiva-arypertainingtobiliary膽汁的lending-ealesophageal食管的-icoptic眼的；視力的-oryrespiratory 呼吸的-ousinfectious 傳染性的；感染性的mucous粘液的-cul(e),ventricular 心室的；腦室的-clecorpuscle小體，細胞vesicle小水泡diminutiv-ellorganelle細胞器；小器官smallecircellus小環littlesuffixes-ill(us,capillary毛細血管a,um)bacillus桿菌-olarteriole小動脈，微動脈bronchiole細支氣管-ul(e) venule小靜脈，微靜脈lobule 小葉-esisdiauresis利尿diseased-iaabnormalorleukemia白血病condition-iasispathologicallithiasis結石病-osisconditionacidosis酸中毒necrosis壞死-aseenzymelipase脂肪酶oxidase氧化酶-osesugarfructose果糖maltose麥芽糖-in,-ineagentinsulin胰島素epinephrine 腎上腺素immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白-itis inflammation

arthritishepatitis

關節炎肝炎-oma tumor adenoma-oid resembling adenoid腺樣的cystoid囊樣的-ics nameofascience

geneticspediatrics

遺傳學兒科學-ician an expert

of aphysician

醫師，內科醫師profession

pediatrician

兒科醫師，兒科學家-ist

practitioner

ofadentist口腔科醫師，牙醫-ism

professionaction

physiologistembolism栓塞

生理學家asystemoftheory rheumatism 風濕orpracticeUnit3theskeletalsystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordpartsarthr(o)-

Meaningjoint

Examplesarthritisarthroplasty 關節造形術burs(o)-chondr(o)-

bursacartilage

bursitischondritis

滑液囊炎軟骨炎chondroma軟骨瘤chondrocyte 軟骨細胞coccy-

coccyx

骶尾骨coccyg(o)-cost(o)-

coccygectomy 尾骨切除術rib intercostal 肋間的crani(o)-

cranium craniomalaciacraniostosis

顱骨消融顱縫[天生]骨化ili(o)-

ilium

髂骨的iliopelvic髂盆的myel(o)-ossi-

bonemarrowbone

myeloma骨髓瘤ossicle[聽]小骨ossification 骨化oste(o)-

bone osteitis骨osteoma 骨osteocyte骨細胞pelvi(o)- pelvis pelvic骨盆的pelvisection 骨盆切開術rachi(o)-

spine

脊柱痛rachianesthesia 脊髓麻醉(法)sacr(o)- sacrum sacral骶骨的sacrodynia 骶[部spondyl(o)- vertebra spondylopathy 脊椎病cervicospondylopathy頸椎病ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-

tendon tendonitistenorrhaphytendinoustenalgia

腱炎腱的腱痛vertebr(o)-

vertebra

intervertebralvertebrectomy

椎骨間的椎骨切除術malac(o)- softening osteomalacia 骨消融chondromalacia軟骨消融-porosis-asthenia

porousweaknesslossstrength

osteoporosis myasthenia肌無力of neurasthenia 神經衰弱troph(o)-

developmentstimulation

atrophy萎縮hypertrophy 肥maintenancemalac(o)- softening malacosteon 骨消融aalg(o)-alges(o)-

pain

myalgiaarthralgiaanalgesia

肌痛關節痛痛覺缺失Unit4themuscularsystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordPartspath(o)-

Meaningdisease

Examplespathogenesis nephropathy腎病morph(o)-

formshape

morphology形態學amorphous無形態的morphometrymy(o)- muscle myocardial心肌的muscul(o)-fibr(o)-

myotonia肌強直muscle musculin肌球蛋白fiber fibroma纖維瘤nfasci(o)- fascia fasciodesisfasciitis

筋膜固定術筋膜炎fascioplasty 筋膜成形術ten(o)-

tendon

tenorrhaphy

腱縫合術tend(o)-tendin(o)-

tenostosis腱骨化tenosynovitis 腱鞘ton(o)- tone cardiotonictonofibril

張力原纖維kinesi(o)-

movement dyskinesia

運動阻擋kinet(o)-alg(o)-

pharmacokineticspain myalgia肌痛

藥動學cephalalgiaalgesthesisneuralgia

痛覺神經痛-itis

inflammation

dermatomyositisfasciitis筋膜炎

皮肌炎my(o)- muscle myocardium心肌electromyography 肌電myonecrosis肌肉壞死poly-

many polymyositis

多肌炎polyadenitis 多腺炎theli(o)-

skin endothelium內皮epithelial上皮subendothelial內皮下spasm(o)-

spasm

myospasmia肌痙攣病bronchospasmnecr(o)- death osteonecrosis 骨壞死necrotomy尸體解剖tri-

three tricycletriangle

孕期的三個月三輪車三角plas-

growth

aplasia不發育development

dysplasiafibroplasiahyperplasia

發育不良纖維組織形成增生Unit5thedigestivesystemMedicalTerminologyWordPartsbucc(o)-

Meaningcheek

Examplesbucca臉頰buccopulpal頰與牙髓的dent(o)-odont(o)-or(o)-stom(o)-

tooth labiodentalorthodonticsperiodontiummouth oraloropharynxmouth stomatitis

唇齒的正牙學牙周組織口咽口腔炎stomat(o)- stomatomycosisperistomatous

口霉菌病口周的nas(o)-

nose nasogastric

鼻飼的nasopalatine 鼻腭esophag(o)-pharyng(o)-

esophaguspharynx

esophagogastrostomy食管胃切合術pharyngitis咽炎pharyngoxenosis 咽喉干燥sial(o)-lingu(o)-

saliva sialorrheasiaolithtongue

流涎涎石舌下的linguodental 舌齒的gloss(o)-

tongue

glossotomy舌切開術glossopharyngeal 舌咽gingiv(o)- gums gingivitis牙齦炎gingivectomy 牙齦切除術gastr(o)-jejun(o)-

stomach gastroenteritisgastrorrhagiajejunum jejunoileitisjejunorrhaphy

胃腸炎胃出血空腸回腸炎空腸縫合術ile(o)-

ileum ileocolitisileectomy

回腸結腸炎回腸切除術append(o)-appendic(o)-

appendix

appendectomy闌尾切除appendicitis 闌尾炎bili-

gallbile

bilirubinbiliation

膽紅素膽汁生成chole(o)-

gall

cholelithiasis

膽結石chol(o)-

bile

cholestasis

膽汁淤積cholecystitis 膽囊炎cec(o)- cecum cecorrhaphy盲腸縫合術cecopexy盲腸固定術col(o)-colon(o)-

colon colonoscope結腸鏡colostomyduoden(o)- duodenum gastroduodenal 胃十二指腸的duodenectomy十二指腸切除術enter(o)- intestine,

gastroenterologist

胃腸道專家usually

the

enteropathy腸道疾病smallintestineperitone(o)-

peritoneum

peritonealgia 腹膜痛peritoneocentesisperitoneography

腹腔穿刺術腹膜造影術pancreat(o)- pancreas

pancreaticpancreolysis

胰腺的胰組織破壞proct(o)- rectum

protologyprotopexy

直腸科直腸固定術rect(o)- rectum

rectovesicalpararectal

直腸膀胱的直腸旁的an(o)- anus

anoplasty

肛門成形術anoscope肛門鏡sigmoid(o)- sigmoidcolon sigmoiditis十二指腸炎sigmoidotomy 十二指腸切開術splen(o)- spleen

splenomegaly splenic脾的hepat(o)- liver hepatatrophia hepatomegaly肝腫大hepatonecrosis 肝壞死lapar(o)- abdomen

laparocelelaparoscopy

腹疝腹腔鏡檢查abdomin(o)- abdomen abdominouterotomy腹式子宮切開術transabdominal 經腹的aliment(o)- food

alimentary

營養的nutrient

hyperalimentation

營養過分carb(o)-carbon(o)-pepsi(o)-

carbon carbohydrate碳水化合物carbonate碳酸鹽digestion pepsin胃蛋白酶dyspepsodynia 消化不良性-rrhexis rupture hepatorrhexis 肝破裂ophthalmorrhexis 眼球破裂-cele hernia cecocele盲腸突出protrusion

colpocele

陰道疝，陰道脫垂lith(o)-

stone

lithodialysischolelithiasis

溶石術，碎石術膽結石-ptosis ptosis coloptosisproptosis

結腸下垂前垂，突出Unit6therespiratorysystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordPartsnas(o)-

Meaningnose

Examplesnasitis

鼻咽炎rhin(o)-

nose rhinallergosisrhinorrhagia

過敏性鼻炎鼻出血pharyng(o)-laryng(o)-

pharynx pharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoscopy 鏡larynx laryngitis喉炎tracheo-

laryngotracheobronchitistrachea tracheitis氣管炎

喉氣管支氣管炎bronch(o)-

tracheolaryngotomybronchus bronchitis支氣管炎

氣管喉切開術bronchoalveolitis 支氣管肺炎bronchoscopy 支氣管鏡檢查lob(o)-

lobe

lobitis葉炎pneum(o)-pneumon(o)-pneumat(o)-

lungair

pneumoenteritispneumolithiasispneumonia

肺腸炎肺石病pneumorrhagia 肺出血pulm(o)- lung pulmonitis肺炎pulmon(o)- pulmogram肺Xpulmonary肺的spir(o)-

breathing spirometerspiroscope

肺量計呼吸量檢測器pne(o)-

breathing

apnea呼吸暫停bradypneaalveol(o)-

alveolus alveolitis

牙槽炎alveoloplasty 牙槽成形術thorac(o)-

chest

thoracostomy胸廓造口術thoracocentesis 胸腔穿pleur(o)- pleura pleurectomy 胸膜切除術cyan(o)-

pleuropneumoniablue cyanopsia

胸膜肺炎cyanemia青血癥，紺血癥orth(o)-

straight orthodontiaorthopnea

正牙學端坐呼吸ox(o)-oxi-oxy-

oxygen

oxide氧化物antioxidant 抗氧化phon(o)-phren(o)-

voice aphonia失音phonophotography聲波照相術diaphragm; phrenitis膈炎paraphrenitis 膈周組織炎sin(o)-sinussinobronchitis 竇支氣管炎perisinuitis 竇周炎aer(o)-airaerobic有氧的anaerobic 無氧的；厭氧的aerobe需氧菌allerg(o)-

allergy allergenallergic

過敏原過敏的sten(o)-

narrowing

bronchostenosisrectostenosis

支氣管狹窄直腸狹窄-ectasis dilatation bronchiectasia 支氣管擴大corectasiavenectasia

瞳孔擴大靜脈曲張Unit7cardiovascularsystem:bloodandbloodcirculationMedicalTerminology

（插入部分）WordPartserythr(o)-cyt(o)-

Meaningredcell

Exampleserythrocyte megakaryocyte巨核細胞hepatocytecytopeniahemat(o)- blood hematocrit

肝細胞細胞減少血細胞比容hematology 血液病學hematuria血尿micro-

smalltiny

microscope 顯微鏡microorganism微生物microbe微生物a-/an- notwithout

anemia貧血anucleateasymptomatic無癥狀的hem(o)-

blood hemoglobin hemolysis溶血hemorrhage 出血leuk(o)- white leukocyte白細胞leukemia白血病endo- innerwithin

endocardium endocrine內分泌endoscopy內窺鏡檢de--emia

lackofdownlossbloodcondition

deoxygenated 脫氧dehydration 脫水degeneration 變性leukemia白血病hypercalcemia anemia貧血pen(o)- deficiency erythrocytopeniscalcipenia鈣缺乏，鈣質減少rrhe(o)- flow hematorrhea 大出血seborrhea皮脂溢antidiarrheal 止瀉rrhag(o)- excessiveflow cholerrhagiarhinorrhagiamegalo- enlargement megalocardiasplenomegaly

膽汁溢出鼻出血心肥大脾臟腫大megaloblast 巨成紅細胞-lys(o)

breakdownseparation

hemolysisanalysis解析paralysisphil-

love hemophiliahydrophilia

血友病親水性-oma

tumor

lymphoma淋巴瘤carcinoma癌癥fibroma纖維瘤-ose sugar glucosemaltoselactose乳糖gen(o)- origination

cardiogenic

心源性的production antigen抗原glycogen糖原-ol(e) small venule小靜脈-ul(e)

arteriole

小動脈lobule小葉tom(o)- cut tomography 體層斷層照影bronchotomy 支氣管切開術gastrectomy 胃切除術graph(o)- picture mammography 乳房照影術echography 回波