河南省三市（許昌、濟源、平頂山）2020屆高三英語下學期第二次聯題考生注意：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是B。1.WhatdoesthemanalwaysdoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Haveaclass.C.Reviewhisnotes.2.Howdoeshewomandealwithdifficultlectures?A.Byrecordingthem.B.BytalkingwithlecturersC.Byattendingthemagain.3.Wherewillthemanfetchhisnotebook?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intheteachers'office.4.Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanoftenlistento?A.Jazzmusic.B.Classicalmusic.C.Rockmusic.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sarah'shappyretirement.B.Theman'sartclasses.C.Theirhobbies.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話成獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Helostherdictionary.B.Hemadeherdeskdirty.C.Hedamagedherglasses.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buyheranicecream.B.Lookupsomenewwords.C.Tidyupherdeskcarefully.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whatmakesthemanchangehisappointment?A.Anunexpectedvisitor.B.Hisurgentproblematwork.C.Thetrafficduetothebadweather.9.WhenwillthemanmeetDr.Martin?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.WhatcanpeopleenjoyinRichmond?A.Localfoods.B.Localartworks.C.Localshoppingcenters.11.HowfarawayisSunValleyfromRichmond?A.5minutes'walk.B.10minutes'walk.C.15minutes'bikeride.12.Wheredothespeakersdecidetosay?A.Inatent.B.Inahotel.C.Inavillager'shouse.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Journalistandsportsman.C.Interviewerandjobapplicant.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofateacher'swork?A.Easy.B.Boring.C.Challenging.15.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A.Playingsports.B.Watchingsports.C.Teachingsports.16.Whatdoesthemanvaluemostaboutdoingsports?A.Teachtheyoungimportantlifelessons.B.Trytomaintainmentalwell-being.c.Makeeffortstokeepphysicallyfit.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.WhatdoesVolterman'sSmartWalletfocuson?A.Thefunction.B.Thedesign.C.Thesecurity.18.Whatwillinformyouofyourphoneandwalletbeingapart?A.Thealarm.B.ThecameraC.TheGPStracker.19.Whatcanyoureceiveifsomeoneopensyourwalletsecretly?A.Apictureofhim.B.Avoicefromthephone.C.Amessagefromthewallet.20.WhyisVolterman'sSmartWalletsuitablefortravel?A.Itdoesn'tneedtorecharge.B.Itislightandeasytocarry.C.Ithasalargecapacityforpictures.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHowtospendaholidaywithoutsendingyoursavingsintoanosedive?TakealookattheseheavenlyandaffordablehideawaysinBahamas.PigeonCayBeachClub,CatIslandPigeonCayBeachClubislocatedonthelargelyundevelopedCatIsland,whereit'spossibletowandertheverybeautifulcoastlineformileswithoutspottingasoul-oraboat,dock(碼頭)orJetSki.TVs.AC,andWi-Fiareallhappilyoff-duty,leavinggueststoexploretheislandbybike,canoe.orkayak(皮艇)(allfreetouse)orquietlydropbythehonor-systembeachbar.UniqueVillage,EleutheraThis14-roomhotelstandsproudoverthequietPoponiBench,whichisrarelycrowdeddespitebeingwell-knownforisprettypinksands.UniqueVillagehasacasualopen-airrestaurantandanoutdoorpool,anditscious(寬敞的).air-conditionedroomshavesimplesandbrightislanddecoration,freeWi-Fi,andoutdoorbalcony-allfacingtheocean.StellaMarisResortClub,LongIslandIfyou'relookingforcasual,cheerful,andcheap,thebeachfrontStellaMarisResortClubmorethanfitsthebill.Thelarge,family-ownedcomplexonbeautifulandremoteLongIslandisabargainforiscompetitiverates,freeactivities,andaccommodationsthatcansuitlargerparties(thereare27hotelrooms,cottages.houses).Oneofthehighlightsoftheresort(度假勝地)isitsrangeofactivities,manyofwhicharefree,includingdayrips,boating.naturewalks,caving,kayaking.andwineparties.StFrancisResort,StockingIslandStockingIslandisjustaboutasremoteasyoucanget.Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat,andhaslittlehumandevelopment;nocars,noroads,andabouttwodozenresidents.ThequietandhomeyStFrancisResortfitsrightinwithitssurroundings,offeringeightciousroomsoverlookingtheocean,twobeaches,andfreekayak.In-roombreakfast,Wi-Fi,andtransportfromGeorgeTownareallfree.1.Whichisthebestchoiceifyouwanttohaveaquietdrink?A.PigeonCayBeachClub. B.UniqueVillage.C.StcllaMarisResortClub. D.StFrancisResort.2.WhatmayattractyoumotinStellaMarisResortClub?A.Uniquesands. B.Anoutdoorpool.C.Diverseactivities. D.Aquietbeachbar.3.WhatdoUniqueVillageandStFrancisResorthaveincommon?A.Limiteddevelopment. B.FreeInternetaccess.C.Anoutdoorrestaurant. D.Meansofbeingreached.1.A2.C3.B【分析】這是一則旅游廣告。文章介紹隱藏在巴哈馬群島的旅游景點。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據PigeonCayBeachClub,CatIsland中leavinggueststoexploretheislandbybike,canoe.orkayak(皮艇)(allfreetouse)orquietlydropbythehonor-systembeachbar.“離開客人騎自行車，獨木舟探索島嶼。或者劃獨木舟(免費使用)，或者悄悄去榮譽系統海灘酒吧。”由此可知，如果你想安靜地喝一杯，那最好的選擇是PigeonCayBeachClub。故選A。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據StellaMarisResortClub,LongIsland中Oneofthehighlightsoftheresort(度假勝地)isitsrangeofactivities,manyofwhicharefree,includingdayrips,boating.naturewalks,caving,kayaking.andwineparties.“這個度假勝地的亮點之一是它的各種活動，其中許多活動都是免費的，包括白天劃船。自然散步，洞穴探險，皮劃艇。和酒派對。”由此可知，在StellaMaris度假俱樂部，各種各樣的活動最能吸引你。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據UniqueVillage,Eleuthera中freeWi-Fi,和StFrancisResort,StockingIsland中In-roombreakfast,Wi-Fi,andtransportfromGeorgeTownareallfree.可知，UniqueVillage和StFrancisResort的共同點是“免費上網”。故選B。在細節考查題中有一類事實細節題。該題屬于細節類型的閱讀理解題，一般只針對某個特定的細節，題型可以多種多樣。此類題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉換題，正確選項是原文有關詞語和句子的轉換。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發生的時間、地點、人物、發展過程和結局等環節，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。本題第2小題，根據StellaMarisResortClub,LongIsland中Oneofthehighlightsoftheresort(度假勝地)isitsrangeofactivities,manyofwhicharefree,includingdayrips,boating.naturewalks,caving,kayaking.andwineparties.“這個度假勝地的亮點之一是它的各種活動，其中許多活動都是免費的，包括白天劃船。自然散步，洞穴探險，皮劃艇。和酒派對。”由此可知，在StellaMaris度假俱樂部，各種各樣的活動最能吸引你。故選C。BAyoungfemaleathleteinthePhilippinesrecentlywonmultiplegoldmedalsforherschoolduringaprovincialsportsdespitenothavingproperrunningshoes.RheaBallos,an11-yearoldstudentofSalvacionElementarySchoolinBalasan,Iloilo,wasonlywearingbandagesaroundherfeetwhenshecompetedattheIloiloSchoolsSportsMeet.userValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword"NIKE"onthesidesofher"shoes"tocompletethe"Nikerunningshoes"look.Thebandagesweretightlywrappedaroundherfeet,creatingathinprotectivelayeragainstthetrack.Whileshewasvirtually(實質上)barefootduringtheraces,shewasstillabletodefeatheropponents(對手)whoallworeproperfootwearintendedforrunning.Accordingtothepost,Ballosbaggedthetopawardsinthe400-meterdash,the800-meterrun,andthe1500-meterrunintheinter-schoolsportingeventheldinIloil,centralPhilippines.Whenimagesofher"Nike"footwearwerespreadwidely,Filipinosonsocialmediashoweredherwithpraisesforherdedicationandcharacter.Manynotedthatinsteadofwallowinginself-pity.shewasevenabletomakelightofthesituationbydrawingtheNikelogoonher"runningshoes."SomeofthecommentersofValenzuela'spostexpressedhowthegirldeservedtoberecognizedbyNikeandthatthebrandshouldactuallygiveheranewpairofrealNikeshoes.ItdidnottakelongforJefferyCariaso,afamouscoach,totakenoticeofBallos'outstandingperformance.Heimmediatelymadeanefforttogetintouchwiththeyoungtrackrunnertohelpher.4.Infact,Ballos"shoes"are.A.anad B.abargainC.acopy D.asubstitute5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto"wallowingin"inparagraph5?A.Beinglostin. B.Beingproudof.C.Makinguseof. D.Givingignoranceto.6.WhatmadeCariasooffertohelpBallos?A.Hersuperpower. B.Herdetermination.CHerattitudetotheevent. D.Commenters'suggestions.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ALuckyRunner B.APairof"Nike"ShoesC.ACreativeBrand D.AnEye-catchingGame4.D5.A6.A7.B這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是一名叫Ballos的女孩自制的一雙“耐克”鞋。當她的“耐克”鞋的圖片被廣泛傳播時，菲律賓人在社交媒體上對她的奉獻和品格大加贊揚。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中userValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword"NIKE"onthesidesofher"shoes"tocompletethe"Nikerunningshoes"look.用戶巴倫蘇埃拉上傳了這名女孩的照片，照片中她的腳被棕色石膏繃帶包裹著，繃帶上有著名的耐克商標。為了完成“耐克跑鞋”的造型，巴羅斯甚至在她的“鞋”側面寫上了“耐克”兩個字。由此可知，事實上，Ballos的“鞋”是一種替代品。故選D。【5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第五段第一句Whenimagesofher"Nike"footwearwerespreadwidely,Filipinosonsocialmediashoweredherwithpraisesforherdedicationandcharacter.“當她的“耐克”鞋的圖片被廣泛傳播時，菲律賓人在社交媒體上對她的奉獻和品格大加贊揚。”再根據第五段中的shewasevenabletomakelightofthesituationbydrawingtheNikelogoonher"runningshoes.“她甚至可以通過在她的“跑鞋”上畫耐克的標志來輕松應對這種情況。”由此推知，Manynotedthatinsteadofwallowinginself-pity“許多人指出，與其沉溺于自憐”中劃線詞wallowingin的意思是“迷戀，沉溺于”。故選A。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中ItdidnottakelongforJefferyCariaso,afamouscoach,totakenoticeofBallos'outstandingperformance.Heimmediatelymadeanefforttogetintouchwiththeyoungtrackrunnertohelpher.“沒過多久，著名的教練杰弗里·卡里阿索就注意到了巴羅斯的杰出表現。他立即作出努力與年輕的田徑運動員取得聯系，以幫助她。”由此可知，她的超能力讓Cariaso主動提出幫助Ballos。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段userValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword"NIKE"onthesidesofher"shoes"tocompletethe"Nikerunningshoes"look.Thebandagesweretightlywrappedaroundherfeet,creatingathinprotectivelayeragainstthetrack.“用戶巴倫蘇埃拉上傳了這名女孩的照片，照片中她的腳被棕色石膏繃帶包裹著，繃帶上有著名的耐克商標。為了完成“耐克跑鞋”的造型，巴羅斯甚至在她的“鞋”側面寫上了“耐克”兩個字。繃帶緊緊地纏在她的腳上，形成了一層薄薄的保護層。”由此可知本文講述的是一雙自制的“耐克”鞋。故選B。CSeaotters(海獺)areprettysmallcomparedtoothermarinemammals(哺乳動物).whichmeansthat,despitetheirfurcoats,theytendtolosehetquickly,andneedlotsofenergytokeepuptheirbodytemperature."Sotheyneedtoeat25percentoftheirbodyweighteachday,"saysSarahMcKayStrobel,asensoryecologistatUCSantaCruz."Butinordertoeatthatmuchfood,thatmeansseaottersneedtofindallthatfood."Shestudiedtheotter'ssenses,tosolvethemysteryofhowthey'resuchefficientfoodcatchers.Visionisn'treliable,shesays-it'sprettydarkandmuddyunderwater,andcrabsandothersmalleranimalstendtohide.Hearingisalsotoughforotters,inthenoisyunderwaterenvironment.Andsniffing'snogoodeither."Whenthey'reunderwaterthey'reholdingtheirbreath."What'sleftistouch.SoStrobelmeasuredthesensitivityoftheotters'pawsandwhiskers(須).SheblindfoldedanotternamedSelka,thenpresenteditwithplasticplatescarvedwithtinygrooves(溝槽).Selka'sjobwastoselecttheplatewithtwo-millimertergrooves,whichshe'dbeentrainedtoassociatewithtastyfood,insteadofplateswithdifferentlysizedgrooves.Tumsout,Selkacouldtelljustaquartermillimeterdifferenceinthegrooves'withwithherpaws-aboveandbelowwater-andhallamillimeterdifferencewithherwhiskers."ThefactthatshewasabletoperformsowellwhilemovingextremelyquicklyIthinkisreallyinterestingandsuggeststhatseaottershaveveryquickdecision-makingabilitiesandveryquicksensoryprocessingabilities,whichmakessensewhenyouthinkaboutthetypeoflifestyletheyleadandhowquicklytheyneedtofindfood."Fortherecord,humanscanfeelthedifferencetoo,butittakesus30timeslonger,whichmightmakesense.Afterall,weliveinenvironmentswheretouchislessimportantinahuntthansightandsound.8.Whydoseaotterseatmuchfood?A.Toswimfaster. B.Tostaywarm.C.Tokeeptheirfurthick. D.Tosatisfytheirgoodappetite.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.AnintroductiontoSelka. B.Theuseofplasticplates.C.AnexperimentonSelka. D.Thefunctionofotters'touch.10.WhatdidStrobelfindaboutseaotters'senses?A.Hearingisuseless. B.Touchisthemostelective.C.Theyhavenovision. D.Theirsmellworksverywell.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Seaottershaveenoughfoodtoeat.B.Humansaremoresensitivethanseaotters.C.Seaottersrespondveryquicklyinhunting.D.Seaotters'whiskersworkbetterthanpaws.8.B9.C10.B11.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹海獺的生活習性。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中theytendtolosehetquickly,andneedlotsofenergytokeepuptheirbodytemperature.“它們往往很快就會失去熱量，需要大量的能量來維持體溫。”由此可知，海獺吃很多食物是為了保持溫暖。故選B。【9題詳解】段落大意題。根據第三段中SheblindfoldedanotternamedSelka,thenpresenteditwithplasticplatescarvedwithtinygrooves(溝槽).Selka'sjobwastoselecttheplatewithtwo-millimertergrooves,whichshe'dbeentrainedtoassociatewithtastyfood,insteadofplateswithdifferentlysizedgrooves.“她蒙住一只名叫塞爾卡的水獺的眼睛，然后給它看刻著細小溝槽的塑料盤子。塞爾卡的工作是選擇帶有兩米里默特凹槽的盤子，她被訓練將其與美味食物聯系起來，而不是選擇帶有不同大小凹槽的盤子。”由此可知，第三段講述的是“Selka的一個實驗。”故選C。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段第一、二句What'sleftistouch.SoStrobelmeasuredthesensitivityoftheotters'pawsandwhiskers(須).“剩下的是觸覺。因此，Strobel測量了水獺爪子和胡須的敏感度。”由此可知，Strobel發現了海獺的觸覺是最具選擇性的。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段中ThefactthatshewasabletoperformsowellwhilemovingextremelyquicklyIthinkisreallyinterestingandsuggeststhatseaottershaveveryquickdecision-makingabilitiesandveryquicksensoryprocessingabilities,“她在移動速度非常快的情況下表現得如此出色，我認為這一點非常有趣，這表明海獺具有非常快的決策能力和感官處理能力，”由此可知，海獺在捕獵時反應很快。故選C。推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等標志性詞語。本題第4小題，根據第四段中ThefactthatshewasabletoperformsowellwhilemovingextremelyquicklyIthinkisreallyinterestingandsuggeststhatseaottershaveveryquickdecision-makingabilitiesandveryquicksensoryprocessingabilities,“她在移動速度非常快的情況下表現得如此出色，我認為這一點非常有趣，這表明海獺具有非常快的決策能力和感官處理能力，”由此可知，海獺在捕獵時反應很快。故選C。DTheUnitedStatesceagency,NASA.saysitsMarsexplorationvehiclerecentlyrecordedahighlevelofmethane(甲烷)gasontheplanet.ThediscoveryisexcitingbecausethepresenceofmethanegascouldsupportthecaseforlifeonMars.NASA'sCuriosityvehiclerecentlyrecodedthelargestlevelofmethaneevermeasuredduringitsseven-yearMarsmission.Methanehasnocolororsmell.AspecialinstrumentonCuriosity'sManScienceLaboratoryrecordedtheincreasedgaslevel.ThedevicemeasureslevelsofchemicalelementsandgasesintheMarianatmosphere.Inadditiontomethane,theinstrumentcanrecordlevelsofwaterandcarbondioxide.NearlyallthemethanegasfoundinEarth'satmosphereisproducedbylivingthing.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.Butitcanalsobeformedbygeological(地質的)processes,suchasinteractions.betweenrocksandwater.ItwasnotthefirsttimeCuriosityhadfoundmethanegasintheMartianatmosphere.Aboutayearago,NASAannouncedthatCuriosityhaddiscoveredsharpseasonalincreasesinthegas.Thistime,NASAsaidthemeasuredmethanegaslevelwasclearlylargerthananyothersobservedinthepast."It'sexcitingbecausemicrobial(微生物的)lifeisanimportantsourceofmethaneonEarth,"NASAsaidinastatementannouncingthediscovery.However,Curiosity'steamcarriedoutafollow-upmethaneexperimentthatshowedasharpdropinlevelsofthegas.Thatnumberwas"closetothebackgroundlevelsCuriosityseesallthetime."NASAsaid.TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers."Themethanemysterycontinues,"saidAshwinVasavada.Curiosity'sprojectscientist,"We'remoremotivatedthanevertokeepmeasuringandputourbrainstogethertofigureouthowmethanebehavesintheMarianatmosphere."12.Whatdoweknowaboutmethanego?A.Itisamusttolivingthings. B.Itcanbefoundeverywhere.C.Itsmellslikecarbondioxide. D.It'smainlyfrombiologicalactivity.13WhatdotheexplorationsonManstellus?A.HumanshaveknownmuchaboutMars.B.TherewillbemoremethanegasonMars.C.Thereisnoprogressinthe7year'sresearch.D.ThelevelofmethanegasonMarsisnotstable.14.WhatdoesthediscoverymeaninNASA'sview?A.TheremayexistlifeonMars.B.MethanegasonMarshasasuddenincrease.C.ThemysteryaboutMarswillbesolvedsoon.D.They'reknownhowmethaneasisformedonMans.15.HowdotheNASA'sscientistsfeelabouttheirfutureexploration?AAimless. B.Confident.C.Stressed. D.Serious.12.D13.D14.A15.B這是一篇科普說明文。美國宇航局，NASA，稱其火星探測車最近在火星上記錄到高水平的甲烷氣體。這一發現令人興奮，因為甲烷氣體的存在可能支持火星上存在生命的說法。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中NearlyallthemethanegasfoundinEarth'satmosphereisproducedbylivingthing.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.“地球大氣中幾乎所有的甲烷氣體都是由生物產生的。它通常來自于動物和植物。”由此可知，沼氣主要來自生物活動。故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段最后一句TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers.“甲烷氣體濃度的上升和下降給NASA的科學家們留下了更多的問題而不是答案。”由此可知，人類的探索告訴了我們“火星上的甲烷氣體水平是不穩定的。”故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段中Thistime,NASAsaidthemeasuredmethanegaslevelwasclearlylargerthananyothersobservedinthepast."It'sexcitingbecausemicrobial(微生物的)lifeisanimportantsourceofmethaneonEarth,"NASAsaidinastatementannouncingthediscovery.這一次，美國宇航局表示，測量到的甲烷氣體水平明顯比以往任何一次觀測到的都要高。NASA在宣布這一發現的聲明中說:“這很令人興奮，因為微生物是地球上甲烷的重要來源。”由此可知，在NASA看來，這一發現意味著“火星上可能存在生命。”故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中We'remoremotivatedthanevertokeepmeasuringandputourbrainstogethertofigureouthowmethanebehavesintheMarianatmosphere.“我們比以往任何時候都更有動力去持續測量，并把我們的大腦放在一起，以弄清楚甲烷在Marian大氣中的行為。”由此可知，美國宇航局的科學家們對他們未來的探索是“自信的”。故選B。第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peopleallovertheworldhavesomestrangehobbies,andoneofthemostunusualinBritainis"trainspotting".___16___.Yougrown.upshegrown.upsgrown.upsstandingaroundarailwaystationsandotherplaceswheretrainspassby,andyou'llseethemtakingphotosandexchangingnoteswitheachother.So,whataretheydoing?___17___-thenumbersonthefrontofthetrains,orthemakeandmodelofthe"locomotive(火車頭)"-thepartofthetrainwhichpullsalltheotherpart.Inthesamewaythatsomepeoplecollecttoysorstamps,thesemencollectandexchangeallkindsofdetailsabouttrainsandrailways.London.___oesbackasfaras1942.Thatyear,ayoungmannamedIanAllanwasworkingatWaterloorailwaystationinLondon.___18___,andquitealotofthequestionshereceivedwereverysimilar.Hefoundhimselfgettingalittleannoyedatsendingthesinerepliestothesamequestions.sohehadawordwithhimboss.Heaskedifhecouldwriteabrochuregivingtheanswerstothemostfrequentlyaskedquestions.Hisbosssaidifhewantedtowastehistimeonsuchaproject,thOK._____19_____.SoOK.hedid.ThebrochurehewrotewastheearliestversionoftheFAQs(常見問題)youseeonwebsitesnowadays.1995.____2,000copieswereallsoldindays,andbythe1950s,amillioncopiesofBritishRailwaysLocomotivesweresellingeveryyear.IanAllanwenttobecomeasuccessfulpublisher,andgotanOrderoftheBritishEmpire(OBE,大英帝國勛章)fromtheQueenin1995.____20____.A.ButheshoulddoitinhisowntimeB.TheyoungmanspentmuchtimeonitC.They'relookingforthetrainsthey'vetakenD.Well,they'recollectinginformationabouttrainsE.It'susuallymenovertheageof40,butnotalwaysF.Hediedin2015,buthistrainspottinghobbylivesonG.Itwashisjobtoanswerlettersfrompeopleabouttrains16.E17.D18.G19.A20.F這是一篇說明文。文章介紹在英國最不尋常的奇怪的愛好“猜火車”。【16題詳解】根據上文提示“世界各地的人都有一些奇怪的愛好，其中在英國最不尋常的是‘猜火車’。”再根據下文提示“你會看到成年人站在火車站周圍和火車經過的其他地方，你會看到他們拍照，互相交換筆記。”承接上下文，E項It'susuallymenovertheageof40,butnotalways（通常是40歲以上的男性，但也不總是這樣）切題。故選E。【17題詳解】根據下文提示“火車前部的號碼，或者‘火車頭’的制造和型號——火車的一個部分，帶動其他部分。”承接下文，D項Well,they'recollectinginformationabouttrains（他們在收集關于火車的信息）切題。故選D。【18題詳解】根據上文提示“那一年，一個名叫伊恩·艾倫的年輕人在倫敦滑鐵盧火車站工作。”再根據下文提示“他收到的很多問題都很相似。”承接上下文，G項Itwashisjobtoanswerlettersfrompeopleabouttrains（他的工作是回復人們關于火車的來信）切題。故選G。【19題詳解】根據上文提示“他的老板說，如果他想在這樣的項目上浪費時間，沒問題。”再根據下文提示“他的確做了。”承接上下文，A項Butheshoulddoitinhisowntime（但他應該在自己的時間做這件事）切題。故選A。20題詳解】根據上文提示“伊恩·艾倫成為了一個成功的出版商，并在1995年從女王那里得到了大英帝國的勛章。”承接上文，F項Hediedin2015,buthistrainspottinghobbyliveson（他于2015年去世，但他看《猜火車》的愛好依然存在）切題。故選F。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分45分）第一節完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AteenagerwhooncebecamehomelessgraduatedatthetopofhisclassinHouston,Texasthisweekend.DerrickNgo.18,hada___21___childhood,growingupwithoutafatherandfindinghismotherinandoutofprisonthroughtheyears.Aheadofhis____22____.Ngohadbeento12differentschool,At15,bestartedto____23____onhisownwithsomehelpfromhismother,butitwasbarelyenoughthathe____24____homelessabouttwoyeanlater.Ngo____25____hischildhoodtoVOA."Weoftendidn'thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn'thavethatmuchmoney.Wedidn'thavea____26____sourceofincomeandthatwasoneofmybiggest____27____ingrowingup-thatLackofparental____28____."Determinedtochangehisfuture,Ngo____29____allhisfrustrations(沮喪)intohisstudies-effortsthat____30____landedhimasthetopstudentofhisclassatEnergyInstituteHighSchool."I____31____thatifIdidn'tuseschoold,educationandtheresourcesthatwere____32____tome,thentherewouldbenowaythatIwouldgetoutofthe____33____Iwasin,"hesaid.InDecember,Ngolearnedthathehadbeen____34____byHarvard,wherehewillbeattendingthisfall.Itwas,atfrst,a____35____…IjustgotintoHarvard.Myheartwas____36____."hesaid.Hewasveryexcited.Theyoungman____37____hissuccesstodiscipline(自制力)andlaser-like(激光一樣的)____38____onendgoals."Withadreaminyourheart,youwillhaveaclear___39___thatyou'reworkingtowards.Althoughit'snotrealyet,is____40____thatisgoingtoberealoneday."21.A.happy. B.boring C.troubled D.bright22.A.failure B.difficulty C.independence D.achievement23.A.live B.work C.learn D.train24.A.gotup B.grewup C.brokeup D.endedup25.A.recorded B.repeated C.recalled D.recommended26.A.new B.stable C.re D.balanced27.A.desires B.features C.struggles D.advantage28.A.pressure B.guidance C.training D.introduction29.A.added B.counted C.combined D.directed30.A.firstly B.slightly C.eventually D.unexpectedly31.A.bet B.heard C.wondered D.remembered32.A.donated B.available C.designed D.affordable33.A.trap B.truth C.danger D.circle34.A.told B.invited C.dismissed D.accepted35.A.gift B.pity C.shock D.sympathy36.A.rising B.racing C.beating D.sinking37.A.owes B.devotes C.applies D.contributes38.A.care B.focus C.confidence D.appreciation39.A.goal B.way C.plan D.position40.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something21.C22.D23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.A34.D35.C36.B37.A38.B39.A40.D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己成功的故事，他把成功歸功于自律和對最終目標的專注。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲的德里克·恩格(Derrickngo)的童年充滿坎坷，他在沒有父親的環境中長大，母親在監獄里進進出出。A.happy高興的；B.boring令人厭煩的；C.troubled混亂的；D.bright明亮的。根據第1空后的growingupwithoutafatherandfindinghismotherinandoutofprisonthroughtheyears.可知，他的童年充滿坎坷。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他取得成績之前，Ngo已經去過12所不同的學校。A.failure失敗；B.difficulty困難；C.independence獨立；D.achievement成績。根據第2空后的Ngohadbeento12differentschool可知，此處指取得成績之前換了12所學校。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他15歲的時候，他開始在母親的幫助下獨自生活，但這還不夠，大約兩年后他就無家可歸了。A.live生活，居住；B.work工作；C.learn學習；D.train訓練。根據第3空后的onhisownwithsomehelpfromhismother可知，開始獨立生活。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞組。句意：在他取得成績之前，Ngo已經去過12所不同的學校，在他15歲的時候，他開始在母親的幫助下獨自生活，但這還不夠，大約兩年后他就無家可歸了。A.gotup起床；B.grewup成長；C.brokeup解散，分解；D.endedup結束。根據第4空后homelessabouttwoyearslater.可知，為了讓他獨立生活，最后以無家可歸而結束。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Ngo向美國之音回顧了他的童年。A.recorded記錄；B.repeated重復；C.recalled回想起；D.recommended推薦。根據第5空后的hischildhoodtoVOA.可知，此處指回憶起童年。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有穩定的收入來源，這是我成長過程中最大的困難之一——缺乏父母的指導。A.new新的；B.stable牢固的；C.re備用的；D.balanced平衡的。根據第6空前的Weoftendidn'thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn'thavethatmuchmoney.可知，沒有固定的收入。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有穩定的收入來源，這是我成長過程中最大的困難之一——缺乏父母的指導。A.desires欲望；B.features特色；C.struggles奮斗，掙扎；D.advantage優勢。根據第7空前后內容Weoftendidn'thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn'thavethatmuchmoney.Wedidn'thavea____6____sourceofincomeandthatwasoneofmybiggest和ingrowingup可知，此處指成長中的掙扎。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有穩定的收入來源，這是我成長過程中最大的困難之一——缺乏父母的指導。A.pressure壓力；B.guidance指導；C.training訓練；D.introduction介紹。前面提到讓他獨立，最終不讓回家，所以缺少父母的指導。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Ngo決定改變他的未來，把他所有的挫折都投入到他的學習中，最終使他成為能源研究所高中班里的優等生。A.added增加；B.counted計數，重要；C.combined結合；D.directed管理，指導。根據第9空后的allhisfrustrations(沮喪)intohisstudies-efforts可知，此處指管理自己的學習。故選D。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Ngo決定改變他的未來，把他所有的挫折都投入到他的學習中，最終使他成為能源研究所高中班里的優等生。A.firstly第一；B.slightly稍微地；C.eventually最后；D.unexpectedly未料到地。根據第10空后的landedhimasthetopstudentofhisclassatEnergyInstituteHighSchool.可知，此處指最后成為優等生。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢猜想，如果我不利用學校、教育和我能得到的資源，那么我就沒有辦法擺脫我現在所處的困境A.bet猜想；B.heard聽見；C.wondered想知道；D.remembered記得。根據第11空后的ifIdidn'tuseschool,educationandtheresourcesthatwere____12____tome,thentherewouldbenowaythatIwouldgetoutofthe____13____Iwasin可知，作者對成為優等生的理由敢猜想。故選A。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢猜想，如果我不利用學校、教育和我能得到的資源，那么我就沒有辦法擺脫我現在所處的困境A.donated捐贈的；B.available可獲得的；C.designed精心設計的；D.affordable負擔得起的。根據第12空前的ifIdidn'tuseschool,educationandtheresources可知，作者利用了學校、教育的資源。故選B。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢猜想，如果我不利用學校、教育和我能得到的資源，那么我就沒有辦法擺脫我現在所處的困境A.trap陷阱；B.truth真理；C.danger危險；D.circle圓圈。根據第13空前的ther