1、Pronoun代詞2一.概念代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。用來代替上文中提到過的人或物。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞關(guān)系代詞二、分類: 按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：主格I, you, she, he, it, we, you, they,賓格 me, you, her, him, it, us, you, themadj性 my, your, her, his, its, our, your, their, n性 mine, yours, hers, his, its, ours, yours, theirs myself, yo

2、urself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves,oneselfthis, that, these, those, each other, one another who, whom, which, whose, whatwho, whom, which, whose, that, assth; sb; both; all; no; another, others 2)兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列時(shí),其次序排列原則: 二三一 人 稱. “我”總是放在最后, 在并列主語中,排列順序?yàn)? you, she/he and

3、 I, 并列賓格: you, her/ him and me, You, she and I will be in charge of the case. Mr. Li asked you, Tom and me to clean the windows.63) 人稱代詞的特殊用法：she, her 通常用來代表國家、船只、大地、月亮等。 The Titanic, the largest ship at that time started her first journey on a sunny day. China is my motherland, although she is not

4、rich enough now, I still love her very much. it 的用法:1).代替上文中提到的動(dòng)物、無生命的或抽象的事物2) 表示性別不明顯的嬰兒3)指代錄像、照片以及心中所想的人,或只聞其聲未見 其人的, 非活生生的具體真人。4)指代天氣、時(shí)間、距離 A: Whos the man beside you in the photo?B: Its my cousin Henry.A: Someone is knocking at the door, Who can it be?B: I bet its Mike. I warned him not to smoke

5、, but it didnt help.Look at the baby, its so cute/lovely.It is Wednesday today. It is ten minutes walk from my house to the park.It is fifteen years since he came to Shanghai.5)在一些慣用結(jié)構(gòu)中作形式主語或形式賓語It is important for us to learn English well. It is kind/nice of you to help me 。I find/think it useful t

6、o read English every day.It is said that an traffic accident happened to him last nightIt seemed that his interview was a success.2.物主代詞 adj 物主代詞屬于限定詞, 后面必須有n, 只能作定語。 n 性物主代詞在用法上相當(dāng)于 “adj 詞性物主代詞+n” 既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用， This isnt her pen. Hers looks newer and cleaner.主語I lost my bike, Can I use yours.賓語Lo

7、ok for your keys in your bag, not in mine.介詞賓語: 12keep / lose ones balance( 因保持/失去平衡而) 穩(wěn)住/倒下Keep / lose ones head 保持鎮(zhèn)定/昏頭，沖動(dòng)Keep / break ones promise 信守/違背諾言keep / break ones word 守信 /失信,食言 eat ones words 承認(rèn)自己說錯(cuò)話on ones way to sp在去某地的路上in ones free/ spare time 在某人的閑暇時(shí)光hold ones breath 屏息; lose ones

8、breath氣喘吁吁to ones surprise/disappointment令某人驚訝/失望的是enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得開心teach oneself sth =learn sth by oneself 自學(xué)buy oneself sth=buy sth for oneself 為自己買call oneself a writer / Jay Chou 自稱作家/周杰論introduce oneself 自我介紹；be proud of oneself自豪devote oneself to 全神貫注于;獻(xiàn)身于behave oneself 舉止規(guī)范;

9、 express oneself 表達(dá)思想hurt oneself 弄傷自己; dress oneself (up) 穿衣(打扮) Help oneself to some隨便吃/ 喝點(diǎn).make oneself at home, 放松；別拘束make oneself understood 讓別人明白/理解自己think more of oneself than others考慮自己多于別人feel oneself 感到有精神; look oneself 跟往常一樣健康by oneself =on ones own 獨(dú)自地;獨(dú)立地 一些常見的包含反身代詞的詞組 指示代詞的句法功能: 作主語、賓

10、語、介詞賓語: 4.指示代詞:this , these 一般指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物；that, those 常指時(shí)間或空間較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。1 This is the best way to do learn English. 2 I like this better than that.3 I dont want to talk about that.16指示代詞的特殊指代功能： 1.介紹別人時(shí)要用 this is; This is Miss Li. This is Tom 2.this 常指下文中要講到的事物，有啟下的作用； that 則指上文中提到過的人/事物有承上的作用。 I want

11、 to tell you this: The party will be put off. He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come.3.打電話時(shí)“你” “我” 不用“you” “I ” 而要用 that, this, A: Who is that? B: This is Lily speaking. 4.that和those可作定語從句的先行詞, those常用來指人 We are looking for those who sing and dance well. 5.相互代詞each other, one another eac

12、h other指兩個(gè)人/物之間, one another指多個(gè)之間, 但 each other 常用來代替 one another相互代詞只能作動(dòng)詞和介詞的賓語 相互代詞可加-s構(gòu)成所有格，例如：People should care about and help each other /one another.We write to each other. Although theyve talked for five hours, they dont know each others names. 就劃線部分提問1.The man with long hair is an artist2.T

13、he man has long hair3. The car over there is mine.4. My car is over there.5.Sally gave John a card yesterday. Who is an artist? Which man is an artist ? What is the man with long hair ? What is yours ? Which car is yours ? Whose is the car over there ? Whose car is over there? What is over there?Whe

14、re is your car Who gave John a car yesterday ? Whom did Sally give a card to yesterday ? What did Sally give John yesterday ? Who has long hair? What does the man look like? *7.關(guān)系代詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的代詞，包括 who, whom, which, whose, that.用于指人 : who whom, that ; 用于指物 : which和that , whose 既可指人也可指物; 1.who, which和

15、 that用作主語, He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Beijing. 2.whom, which, that用作賓語, The man (whom/ that) you saw is a famous actor. Is this the book (which/that) you bought last week? 3.whose用作定語, 如： He is the man whose car was stolen last week. This is the

16、 car whose windows were broken.2).one, ones, 指代與上文中提到的n 同類中的一個(gè)/一些,單數(shù)為one, 復(fù)數(shù)為ones. one(s) 可帶形容詞修飾語或限定詞: a/an, the, some, any, next, this, that, which和定語從句.Is this hat the one you bought in France? The blue vase is twice as expensive as the white one.These apples are too small, do you have any bigger

17、 ones?1.Kellys right eye is green, its _ eye is blue.2.I am still hungry, can I have _cake? 3.Do you mind showing me some _ pears, these are too small.4. There is only one glove, where is _?5.We need _ five days to finish the work. 6.Therere many people in the park, some are flying kites some are ta

18、king a walk and _ are sitting on the grass.7.Two boys and one girl in our class come from Taiwan, _are from Shanghai.other the other onethe others / the restothersanother other another3）. another(+ 單數(shù)/ 數(shù)字+ 復(fù)數(shù)) ,又一個(gè)/幾個(gè)(泛指) the other兩者中的另一個(gè)( 前面一般有 two, twins, eyes, ears, hands, gloves, the street, parents等暗含2 的n) others (=other + 復(fù)數(shù)), 其他的;別的, (泛指),多與s