1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) Revision一寫出下列時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式（主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)）高考常考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)二考察點(diǎn)對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查1.考查其基本概念：近幾年，對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查常用過去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)考生進(jìn)行干擾。 -Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend? (08上海 ) - Terry? Never ! She _ tents and fresh air. A. has hated B. hated C. will h

2、ate D. hates2.(1)在時(shí)間狀語從句，條件狀語從句和讓步狀語從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。What will you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. （05年全國(guó)卷）A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining(2)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍的真理Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, whic

3、h _the Pacific, and we met no storm.（05年遼寧卷） A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called對(duì)一般過去時(shí)的考查1.考查在沒有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語的句子中，語境往往表示過去，“剛剛，剛才”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已不這樣.- Your phone number again？I _ quite catch it.- Its 9568442.A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant注意：思維定式的干擾因素He _ football regularly for

4、 many years when he was young. （08天津 ）A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查1.表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的事 2.表示贊美或厭煩的感情色彩,常與 always, continually, constantly, all the time等副詞連用1.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.A. is changing B. has chang

5、edC. will have changedD. will change2.- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. - You _ something.A. have left B. are always leavingC. are leaving D. always left對(duì)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查1.在某特定的語境中的使用Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （04年全國(guó)卷）A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had

6、 done2.表示說話前剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作-Hey, look where you are going?-Oh, sorry. I _.Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent noticed D. I dont notice對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考查1.考查影響性和延續(xù)性用法(1)When they went to the theatre, the play _for five minutes.A. had been on B. had begun C. has begun D. was on(2)In recent years many footba

7、ll clubs _ as business to make a profit. A.have run B. have been run C. had been runD. will run2.考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去式的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)著重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)只說明現(xiàn)在的情況，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。- Have you read a book called Waiting For Anya?- Who _ it ? ( 08北京卷)A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had written對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查主要考查

8、與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)完成，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)性、未完成I have written an article. I have been writing an article.2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)事件的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)事件理由-Hi, Tracy, you look tired.- I am tired. I _ the living room all day.painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted對(duì)過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的考查1.基本用法：經(jīng)常以“過去”為背景，要想表達(dá)比這一背景更早的動(dòng)作，即“過去的

9、過去”.1.The hotel wasnt particularly good, but I _ in many worse hotels.（08北京卷）A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D had stayed 2.The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. had known B. knew C. have known D. know2.表示愿望、打算等的詞，如hope, expect, mean ,

10、intend, want 等，用過去完成時(shí)表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望- We _ that you would fix the TV set this week.- Im sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but Ive been too busy.A. had expected; had intendedB. are expecting; had intendedC. expect; intendD. expected; intend對(duì)一般將來時(shí)的考查（過去將來時(shí)相同）將來時(shí)的表達(dá)方法1.be to do表示擬定或計(jì)劃中將發(fā)生的行為或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)必須去做的事情2.b

11、e about to do 表示即將發(fā)生的事，句中不使用表示將來的時(shí)間狀語,常和when 引出的并列句連用3.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示安排或計(jì)劃好的將來的行（go ,come ,leave, start ,begin, arrive, return 等）4.在部分狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來1.Because I _ the next day, I went to bed early on Saturday evening. (03福州)A. was leaving B. will leaveC. had leftD. was about to leave2.- Can I join y

12、our club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older.A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will hove got3.You _ in your homework this afternoon.A. are to hand B. will handC. are about to hand D. hand in特殊句式中的時(shí)態(tài)1.在“ It /This/That + be +序數(shù)詞+time +that 從句 ”的句型中，要注意主從句時(shí)態(tài)的一致。如果主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)，從句謂語常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果主句為一

13、般過去時(shí)，從句謂語則常用過去完成時(shí)。1. I was lucky actually, because that _ the second time I _China that year . A.was; had visitedB. was; visited C. is; have visited D. was; have visited 2. It is the first time that I _to the Great Wall.A. have been B. came C. had been D. come2.在“ It + be + 一段時(shí)間 + since從句”的句型中, 如果主句

14、為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)；如果主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句則常用過去完成時(shí)。如：(1).They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I _ a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoyingC. enjoyed D. had been enjoying(2). - What was the party like? - Wonderful. Its years since I _ myself so much.A. enjoyed

15、B. had enjoyed C. was enjoying D. had been enjoyed3.在“It+be+一段時(shí)間 + before從句”的句型中，如果主句為一般將來時(shí)，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；如果主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句則常用一般過去時(shí)。如1. It will be six years before we _ again.A. will meet B. meet C. met D. have met 2. It _ not long before he told us about the affair.A. will be B. is C. had been D. was 4.在 “

16、hardly /scarcely.when /before.和 no sooner.than.”的句式中，從句常用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句常用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：(1).Scarcely had he gone into the room when the phone_. A. rang B. had rung C. would ring D. ring (2)._ the school when the bell rang.A. I hardly had B. Hardly had I reachedC. I hardly reached D. Hardly did I reachRemember:

17、根據(jù)語境，分析動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間和動(dòng)作特點(diǎn)。牢記固定結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí)態(tài)用法。掌握時(shí)態(tài)的特殊用法。三Consolidation1.I_in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. (重慶卷). A. lived B. was livingC. have livedD. had lived2.You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport.

18、（2004年福建卷）A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited3. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.(2005湖北)A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide4. When the old man _ to walk back to his house, th

19、e sun _ itself behind the mountain.（2005年湖北卷）A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid5.The crazy fans _ patiently for two hours, and they will wait till the movie star arrives.were waiting B. have been waitingC. had waitedD. wo

20、uld wait6. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money.A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning7.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, pickedC. had seen, picked D. saw, was

21、 picking8.-Do you know our town at all ? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 9.Hell be an astronaut by the time he _ thirty.A. is B. had been C. will be D. is going to be10. - Mary didnt come yesterday. - But she _.A. has promised B. promised C. promises D.

22、had promised 11. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will know B. is , will know C. will not be , know D. is , know12. - Dont throw your cigarette out of the window. -Oh, I _.A. am not thinking B. wasnt thinking C. havent thoughtD. dont think13. He was hoping to go ab

23、road but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide14. They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far.A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still workingC. have been working; have workedD. have worked; are still working15. Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning.A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done16. The window is dirty. I know. It for weeks.A. hasnt cleaned