1、英語簡單句的五種基本句型1英語五種基本句型：1.+ (主謂)2.+ (主系表)3.+ (主謂賓)4.+IO +D(主謂間賓 直賓）5.+ + +O(主謂賓 賓補)2 基本句型 I + +（主系表） 此句型的句子謂語動詞不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態的表語構成復合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。3本結構是由主語+系動詞+表語組成。系動詞有:1.表示特征和存在狀態的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示狀態延續的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;

2、3.表示狀態變化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義4Our English teacher is thirty years old.The cake tastes delicious. We feel used to living in big cities.The potatoes went bad in the fields.Their boss seems satisfied with the work. Deep water stays still.

3、5練習1今天我感覺不太舒服。2 他看上去很累。3 你的湯味道很好。4 她似乎對計劃不感興趣。I dont feel very well today.He looks very tired. Your soup tastes very good. She doesnt seem very interested in the plan. 65 天越來越冷了。6 孩子不久就睡著了。7 他長得相當高了。8 聽到這消息她臉色變得蒼白。 Its getting cold. Soon the child fell asleep.She went pale at the news. He has grown

4、quite tall.7 基本句型 II +（主謂） 此句型的句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。 這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。8如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主語可有修飾語-定語，謂語可有修飾語-狀語。如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to help farmers pick fresh apple.4. She sat under the tree

5、 alone, reading a novel written by Hellen Keller.5. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.9練習1鳥在飛翔。2她的寶寶在哭。3太陽正在落山。4誰也沒笑。Birds are flying. Her baby is crying. The sun is setting. No one laughed. 10練習25你唱得很美。6 我咳了一夜。7 我們很少在外邊吃飯。8 昨天發生了事故。You sing beautifully. I c

6、oughed all night. We seldom dine out. The accident occurred yesterday. 11常用的不及物動詞（vi.)run, swim, jump, rise, laugh, fly, come, go等。屬性動詞: wash, sell, record, wear, read, write等與well, easily等副詞連用，也構成主謂。12 基本句型 III + +（主謂賓） 此句型句子的共同特點是謂語動詞都具有實義，都是主語產生的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。1

7、3 本結構是由主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語構成。 賓語成分的多樣化使得這一結構異常復雜。如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I dont know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They havent decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 7. Mother promises to give me a present.14練習11過去二十年

8、我們取得了很大的成就。2 他們很快控制了病情。3 他們只是在建空中樓閣。Weve achieved a lot in the past twenty years. They soon controlled the disease.They are just building castles in the air. 154 我十分欣賞你們的表演。5 顧客要求退款。6 這會造成錯誤的印象。7 我們總是交換圣誕節禮物的。I enjoyed every minute of your performance. The customer demanded a refund. We always excha

9、nge Christmas gifts. That will create a wrong impression. 16 基本句型 IV+IO +D(主謂間賓直賓) 此句型的句子謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是指人，另一個是指物, 通常指人的賓語用一個介詞（to或for）來連接，當指人的賓語在指物的賓語之前時，這一介詞往往被省略。17 說明：此結構由“主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（事物）”組成。如： She brings me cookies every day.但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或for。如： Sh

10、e brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to側重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。用for 側重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order,

11、sing, save, spare等。18常跟雙賓語的動詞give, offer, teach, tell, read, ask, bring, pass, lend, return, write, throw, allow, send,costmake, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing, find等。19tofortake, give, teach, bring, lend, mail, offer, pass, hand, sell, send, show, throw, answer, award, write, grant, permit, promise

12、, paydo, buy, cook, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, 20練習1 她給我們唱了一首英文歌曲。2 我去給你沏點新鮮茶。3 這會省去你很多麻煩。4 請幫我把今天的報紙拿來。She sang us an English song. Ill make you some fresh tea. That will save you a lot of trouble.Please fetch me todays paper. 214 把車鑰匙遞給我。5 把你們的計劃用傳真發給我們。6 你

13、可否把書單用電子郵件發給我？7 把那本書扔給我。Hand me the car key. Please fax us your plans. Throw me that book. Can you e-mail me the book list?22 基本句型 V +（主謂賓賓補） 此句型的句子特點是： 動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語才能使意思完整。23英語基本句型4 主+謂+賓+補 說明: 此結構由“主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”構成。賓語與賓語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關系或主表關系，若無賓語補足語，則句意不夠完整。可以用做賓補的

14、有：名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，動詞不定式，分詞等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on. 用 it 做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的后面，以使句子結構平衡，是英語常用的句型結構方式。即：主語+謂語+it+賓補+真正賓語。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.24常用的帶復合賓語的

15、動詞think, consider, feel, find, have, see, hear, notice, get, leave, ask, tell,etc.251.People consider Yaoming to be the soul of Chinese basketball.2.Yaoming is considered to be the soul of Chinese basketball.3.The teacher s praise reminded me to study ever harder.26練習11我們把窗框漆成了黃色。2 她把連衣裙染成淡藍色。3 他發現這

16、工作很有意思。4 什么使你這樣生氣？We painted the window frames yellow.She dyed her dress light blue. He found the job quite interesting. What made you so angry?275 我們必須在半小時內把晚飯做好。6 你們必須保持房間干凈。7 我認為這沒有必要。8 不久他們就把她釋放了。 We must get the supper ready in half an hour. You must keep the room clean.Soon they set her free.

17、I dont think it necessary. 28英語基本句型6 There be 句型 說明： 此句型是由“there+be+主語+狀語”構成，用以表達存在關系可以稱“有”。 它其實是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動詞 be 之后，there 僅為引導詞，并無實際語意。 此句型有時不用be動詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in

18、the town.29 Be 與其后的主語在人稱和數量上一致，有時態和情態變化。如： 現在有 there is/are 過去有 there was/were 將來有 there will be；there is /are going to be. 現在已經有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be. 肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 過去曾經有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happene

19、d to be 30鞏固練習：1這個村子過去只有一口井。 2客人當中有兩名美國人和兩名法國人。 3天氣預報說下午有大風。 4燈亮著，辦公室里肯定有人。 5戰前這兒一直有家電影院的. 6恰好那時房里沒人。 7從前，在海邊的一個村子里住著一位老漁夫。 8公共汽車來了。 9就只剩下二十八美元了。 10鈴響了。 311.There was only a well in the village. 2.Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen. 3.The weatherman says therell be a strong

20、wind in the afternoon. 4.The light is on. There must be someone in the office. 5.There used to be a cinema here before the war. 6.There happened to be nobody in the room. 7.Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 8.There comes the bus. 9.There remains only twenty eight dollars.10

21、.There goes the bell. 32典型句子分析33 除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語而加以擴大。這些修飾語可以是單詞（主要是形容詞、副詞和數詞），也可以是各種類型的短語（主要是介詞短語、不定式短語和分詞短語）。34We found the hall full.我們發現禮堂坐滿了。We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我們發現大禮堂坐滿了學生和教師。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening

22、to an important report.我們發現大禮堂坐滿了學生和教師，在聽一個重要報告。35We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我們發現大禮堂坐滿了學生和教師，在聽人民日報的一位同志作有關東歐局勢的重要報告。36 不同的動詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學習動詞時，應掌握動詞的類型。Hes getting

23、 angry. (S V P)Youll get a surprise. (S V O)37He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O OC) He got himself into trouble. (S V O OC)He got her a splendid present. (S V IO DO)38比 較I found the book easily.（S V O AD)I found the book easy. (S V O OC)39He often looks very careful.He often looks carefully at me.S V PS V prep O40四、選擇填空：( )1. _ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the man B. The man here nowC. The man who is