1、夏至Summer Solstice目錄 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc94604303 夏至Summer Solstice PAGEREF _Toc94604303 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604304 簡介 PAGEREF _Toc94604304 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604305 Summer Solstice PAGEREF _Toc94604305 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604306 三候 PAGEREF _Toc94604306 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604307

2、 節氣特點 PAGEREF _Toc94604307 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604308 The longest day of the year PAGEREF _Toc94604308 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604309 習俗與飲食 PAGEREF _Toc94604309 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604310 夏至的食物 PAGEREF _Toc94604310 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604311 Eating noodles PAGEREF _Toc94604311 h 3 HYPERLINK l _T

3、oc94604312 夏至的習俗 PAGEREF _Toc94604312 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604313 A public holiday in ancient times PAGEREF _Toc94604313 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604314 Seeing the sun turn around PAGEREF _Toc94604314 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604315 Dragon boat racing in Zhejiang PAGEREF _Toc94604315 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc

4、94604316 詩歌 PAGEREF _Toc94604316 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604317 夏九九歌 PAGEREF _Toc94604317 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604318 夏至避暑北池唐代韋應物 PAGEREF _Toc94604318 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604319 竹枝詞唐朝劉禹錫 PAGEREF _Toc94604319 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc94604320 Summer Solstice idiom PAGEREF _Toc94604320 h 6簡介中國民間把夏至后的15天分成

5、3“時”，一般頭時3天，中時5天，末時7天。這期間我國大部分地區氣溫較高，日照充足，作物生長很快，生理和生態需水均較多。此時的降水對農業產量影響很大，有“夏至雨點值千金”之說。夏至節氣一般在公歷6月21日或22日。夏至為者，至有三義；一以陰陽氣之至極，二以明陽氣之始至，三以明日行之北至。故為至。月令七十二候集解關于夏至說：五月中，夏，假也，至，極也，萬物于此皆假大而至極也。Summer SolsticeThe traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Summer Solstice, (Ch

6、inese: 夏至), the 10th solar term of the year, begins on June 21 this year and ends on July 6.At this time, much of the northern hemisphere receives the most hours of daylight, but it does not bring the hottest temperatures which will come only 20 to 30 days later.In China, the 24 solar terms were cre

7、ated thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide peoples lives through eating special foods, performing cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips that correspond with each solar term.三候中國古代將夏至分為三候：“一候鹿角解；二候蟬始鳴；三候半夏生。可見夏至一到

8、陰涼就不遠了。節氣特點夏至是北半球一年中白晝最長、黑夜最短的一天。夏至日那天，整個地球上除南極點和南極圈內的極夜地區外，所有地點的日出方向都是從東北方開始的，在西北方落下。“天文專家稱，夏至是太陽的轉折點，這天過后它將走“回頭路”。夏至過后，太陽直射點逐漸向南移動，北半球白晝開始逐漸變短。對于北回歸線及其以北的地區，夏至日過后，正午太陽高度也開始逐日降低。民間有“吃過夏至面，一天短一線”的說法，我國唐代詩人韋應物的夏至避暑北池也曾寫到“晝晷已云極，宵漏自此長”。夏至這天雖然白晝最長，太陽角度最高，但并不是一年中天氣最熱的時候。因為，接近地表的熱量，這時還在繼續積蓄，并沒有達到最多的時候。俗話說

9、“熱在三伏”，真正的暑熱天氣是以夏至和立秋為基點計算的。大約在七月中旬到八月中旬，中國各地的氣溫均為最高，有些地區的最高氣溫可達40度左右。“不過夏至不熱”，“夏至三庚數頭伏”。夏至雖表示炎熱的夏天已經到來，但還不是最熱的時候，夏至后的一段時間內氣溫仍繼續升高，大約再過二三十天，一般是最熱的天氣了。夏至以后地面受熱強烈，空氣對流旺盛，午后至傍晚常易形成雷陣雨。這種熱雷雨驟來疾去，降雨范圍小，人們稱夏雨隔田坎。唐代詩人劉禹錫在南方，曾巧妙地借喻這種天氣，寫出東邊日出西邊雨，道是無晴卻有晴的著名詩句。The longest day of the yearOn the Summer Solstice

10、 itself, daylight lasts the longest for the whole year in the northern hemisphere. After this day, daylight hours get shorter and shorter and temperatures become higher in the northern hemisphere.How long is the longest day in China? According to the expert Yan Jiarong, the entire day in Mohe in Hel

11、ongjiang province, located in the northernmost tip of China, lasts nearly 17 hours when you include dawn, twilight and its afterglow. Summer Solstice is the best season for viewing the aurora in Mohe, the sleepless town of China.習俗與飲食夏至的食物自古以來，夏至當天各地普遍要吃涼面條，俗稱過水面，有“冬至餃子夏至面”的諺語。“吃了夏至狗，西風繞道走”，大意是人只要在夏

12、至日這天吃了狗肉，其身體就能抵抗西風惡雨的入侵，少感冒，身體好。正是基于這一良好愿望，成就了“夏至狗肉”這一獨特的民間飲食文化。舊時，在浙江紹興地區，人們不分貧富，夏至日皆祭其祖，俗稱“做夏至”，除常規供品外，特加一盤蒲絲餅。而紹興地區龍舟競渡因氣候故，明、清以來多不在端午節，而在夏至，此風俗至今尚存。餛飩，古人稱其形“有如雞卵，頗似天地渾沌之象”，而“餛飩”又與“渾沌”諧音。盤古開天，渾沌初分，吃了餛飩可得聰明。“夏至吃餛飩，熱天不疰夏。”夏至吃餛飩則又包含一種祈求平安度夏的良好愿望。Eating noodlesThere is a saying in Shandong province w

13、hich goes, eat dumplings on the Winter Solstice and eat noodles on Summer Solstice. People in different areas of Shandong province eat chilled noodles on this day. Other people around China, including those in Beijing, also have a tradition of eating noodles.夏至的習俗夏至，古時又稱“夏節”、“夏至節”。古時夏至日，人們通過祭神以祈求災消年

14、豐。周禮春官載：“以夏日至，致地方物魈。”周代夏至祭神，意為清除疫癘、荒年與饑餓死亡。史記封禪書記載：“夏至日，祭地，皆用樂舞。”夏至作為古代節日，宋朝在夏至之日始，百官放假三天，遼代則是“夏至日謂之朝節，婦女進彩扇，以粉脂囊相贈遺”（遼史），清朝又是“夏至日為交時，日頭時、二時、末時，謂之三時，居人慎起居、禁詛咒、戒剃頭，多所忌諱”（清嘉錄）。A public holiday in ancient timesSummer Solstice was an important festival in ancient China. As early as the Han Dynasty (260B

15、C-220), when the Mid-autumn Festival and the Double Ninth Festival were not as important as they are today, the Summer Solstice was already celebrated.Before the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), people even had a one-day holiday on Summer Solstice. According to Song Dynasty (960-1279) records, officials co

16、uld have three days off during the Summer Solstice.To celebrate Summer Solstice, women gave colored fans and sachets to each other. Fans could help them cool down and the sachets could drive away mosquitoes and make them smell sweet.Seeing the sun turn aroundHani autonomous county of Mojiang, Southw

17、est Chinas Yunnan province is located on the northern tropic. Every year on the Summer Solstice, the sun sits directly over the Tropic of Cancer and returns from north to south. Then, the amazing phenomenon known as upright pole with no shadows occurs.The Hani people revere the sun and have always h

18、ad a close bond with it. They welcome the turn-around of the sun and offer sacrifices to it.Dragon boat racing in ZhejiangDue to the local climate, Dragon boat races have been held on the Summer Solstice day in Shaoxing, Zhejiang province rather than on Dragon Boat Festival since the Ming (1368-1644

19、) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties. This tradition is still in practice today, with all the attendant excitement.詩歌夏九九歌我國農歷中“九”是習慣用的雜節，有“冬九九”和“夏九九”。其中“冬九九”流傳較廣，它是以冬至那一天為起點，每九天為一個九，每年九個九共八十一天。三九、四九是全年最寒冷的季節。“夏九九”是以夏至那一天為起點，每九天為一個九，每年九個九共八十一天。同樣，三九、四九是全年最炎熱的季節。它與“冬九九”形成鮮明的對照，遺憾的是它不廣為流傳，其實“夏九九”確實生動形象地反映日期與物候的關系。夏至避暑北池唐代韋應物晝晷已云極， 宵漏自此長。未及施政教， 所憂變炎涼。公門日多暇， 是月農稍忙。高居念田里， 苦熱安可當。亭午息群物， 獨游愛方塘。門閉陰寂寂， 城高樹蒼蒼。綠筠尚含粉， 圓荷始散芳。于焉灑煩抱， 可以對華觴。竹枝詞唐朝劉禹錫楊柳青青江水平，聞郎岸上踏歌聲。 東邊日出西邊雨，道是無晴卻有晴。Summer Solstice idiomI