1、環球雅思教育學科教師講義講義編號：副校長/組長簽字：簽字日期：學員編號：年級：課時數：學員姓名：輔導科目：學科教師：課題虛擬語氣及倒裝授課日期及時段教學目的學會虛擬語氣固定結構及倒裝用法重難點辨析應用倒裝的適當情況【考綱說明】虛擬語氣和倒裝的考察一般出現在單選和完成句子中，需要學會應用基本句型。【知識梳理】虛擬語氣一、語氣英語中的語氣分為三類：陳述語氣（用于陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句）祈使語氣（用于祈使句）虛擬語氣（用于條件狀語從句、賓語從句等）二、虛擬語氣如果所說的不是事實，而是一種假設、愿望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想，就用虛擬語氣。三、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法1、真實條件狀語從句

2、與非真實條件狀語從句Eg:Ifhedoesnthurryup,hewillmissthebus.（真實條件狀語）:IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonee.（非真實條件狀語從句）:Iftherewasnoair,peoplewoulddie.（非真實條件狀語從句）2、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式表示與現在事實相反的情況如果我是你，我會帶把傘。如果我帶錢了，我就會借給你些。IfIwereyou,Idtakeanumbrella.IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.表示與過去事實相反的情況如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。如果他聽我

3、的勸告的話，就不會犯這如果他哪天來這兒的話，我就跟他談談。（事如果下周日下大雪，我們就不能去滑Eg：IfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.樣的錯誤了。（事實：沒有聽我的話）表示對將來情況的主觀推測（可能相反或可能性很?。〦g：Ifhewouldcomeheretomorrow,Ishould/wouldtalktohim.實：來的可能性很?。㊣ftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskati

4、ng.冰了.（事實：不知能否下雪）四、虛擬語氣的其他用法1虛擬語氣用在wish后的賓語從句a、表示與現在事實相反的愿望，謂語動詞用過去式eg:IwishIhadyourbrains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。（事實：我根本比不上你）b、表示過去事實相反的愿望，謂語動詞：had+v-edeg:IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter.我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。c、表示將來難以實現的愿望，謂語動詞：should/would+動詞原形.eg:IwishIshouldhaveachaneeagain.彳艮難再有這樣的機會了。（2、虛擬語氣用在suggest（建議）、insi

5、st（堅持）、demand（要求）、order（命令）等動詞后的賓語從句中，從句的謂語動詞都用：“should+動詞原形”或只用“動詞原形”。女口Hesuggested/insisted/ordered/demandthatwe(should)taketheteachersadvice.從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語動詞形式與現在事實相反If+主語+did主語+should/would/might/could+do與過去事實相反If+主語+haddone主語+should/would/might/could+havedone對將來的推測+wereIf+主語+did+weretodo主句+should

6、/would/might/could+動詞原形倒裝倒裝句之全部倒裝全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有：1）here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首，謂語動詞常用be,come,go,lie,run。Theregoesthebell.Thencamethechairman.Hereisyourletter.2）表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首，謂語表示運動的動詞。Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.Aheadsatanoldwoman.注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語

7、必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。Herehecomes.Awaytheywent.倒裝句之部分倒裝部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞，則需添加助動詞do,does或did，并將其置于主語之前。1。句首為否定或半否定的詞語，女口no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil-等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformanee.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.Notuntilthechildf

8、ellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.當Notuntil引出主從復合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。注意：如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。Ihaveneverseensuchaperformanee.Themotherdidntleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.典型例題WhycantIsmokehere?Atnotimeinthemeeting-roomissmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedNotuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturywhatheatis.A.mandidk

9、nowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow2。以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝女口Notonlybutalso,Hardly/Scarcelywhen,NosoonerthanNotonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.典型例題Nosoonerthanitbegantorainheavily.注意：只有當Not

10、onlybutalso連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置于句首的Notonlybutalso僅連接兩個并列詞語，不可用倒裝結構。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.3。so,neither,nor作部分倒裝表示也、”也不”的句子要部分倒裝。TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.Ifyouwontgo,neitherwillI.典型例題-DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?-Idontknow,.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.Idontc

11、arealso注意：當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時，不可用倒裝結構。意為”的確如此”。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.-Itsraininghard.-Soitis.4。only在句首要倒裝的情況Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子為主從復合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.as/though5。as,tho

12、ugh引導的倒裝句引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前（形容詞，副詞，分詞，實義動詞提前）1)2)刖。句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。句首是實義動詞，其他助動詞放在主語后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實義動詞一起放在主語之Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.讓步狀語從句中，有though，although時，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可連用。6。其他部分倒裝sothat句型中的so位于句首時，需倒裝。Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.在某些表示祝

13、愿的句型中：Mayyouallbehappy.在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動詞有were,had,should等詞，可將if省略，把were,had,should移到主語之前，采取部分倒裝。WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.典型例題：Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturywhatheatisA.mandidknowB.manknewC.didntmanknowD.didmanknowNotuntilIbegantoworkhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didntIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididntrea

14、lizeD.IrealizeDoyouknowTomboughtanewcar?Idontknow,.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.Idontcarealso【經典例題】IfIyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.A.wasB.wereC.amHegaveordersthattheexperimentbefore5:30pm.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.mustbefinishedIfIknewhistelephonenumber,IyouA,wouldtellB.wouldhavetoldC.t

15、oldWithouttheleadershipoftheParty,therenoNewChina.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.shouldbeD.wasTheyoungmaninsistedthathefree.A.setmustbesetIfIhadgotthereearlier,Iher.A.couldmetB.couldhavemetC.canmeetD.IfthereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.A.wouldbeB.wereC.wouldhavebeenD.wasHesuggestedthattheyusetricki

16、nsteadoffighting.A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.hadwouldhavegonetothemeeting,ifItime.A.hadhadB.havehadC.wouldhavehadD.hadenjoyedthemovieverymuch,IwishIthebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.hadreadB.havereadC.shouldhavehadD.amreading11.Ireallyhatetogotosuchanoisyplace.D.mustmeettplaythepiano,andtmysisterB.mysistercant,t

17、ooD.canmysister,eitherImnotgoingswimmingtomorrowafternoon.Ihavetocleanupmybedroom.Itssnowingsoheavily!Iprefertostayathomeandreadanovel.Ihategoingoutonsuchacoldday!LilyandIwillgototheoldpeopleshomethisweekend.17.Ifyougotothetheaterthisevening,soI.A.willB.shouldC,doD.am18.Marylikesplayingbasketballver

18、ymuch.A.SodoesAmyB.SoAmyisC.SoAmydoes19.Idontlikedocumentaries.A.SodoIB.SoIdo20.Wouldyouliketogototheamusementpark?IfJackdoes,.【課堂練習】WehaveneverbeentoMexico,whataboutJeff?.Hehopestovisititsomeday.Tomloveshisclassmatesandteachers.C.NeitherdoI3.Ididntknowhistelephonenumber.A.HadIknown,wouldringhimupitB.ShouldIknowthen.wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew4.Maryisilltoday;wouldhaverunghimupsheabsentfromschool.A.weren