1、Unit 2 The United Kingdom一、語言要點i單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）詞語 辨析1. divide/separate 2. puzzle/confuse3.debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 4.influence/affect/effect1. convenience n.便利, 方便，適合convenient adj.便利的, 方便的conveniently adv.便禾 U 地詞形2. attraction n.吸!H ,吸弓 1 力attractive adj.吸弓 1 人 的,有魅力的attract v.吸引3. const

2、ruct v.建造，構造建立construction n.建筑，建設變化4. arrange v.安排，協商arrangement n. NE歹U,安NE詞5.collect v.收集,聚集，集中collection n.收藏，征U隊,搜集品匯6. fair adj.公平地，公正地，unfair adj.不公平的部7.suggest vt.建議,日首/卜suggestion n.提議,意91,暗小,分重點 單詞consist vi.由.組成，,clarify v.澄?# ,闡明convenience n.便利，方便，啟益，有用的，方便的用具、influence n.& vt.影響，感化，勢力，

3、有影響的人（或事）available adj.可用到的，可利用的，后生的，arrange v.安 NE,排歹 U,協商delight n.快樂，局興，昌悅v.（使涓興，（使）欣昌重點 詞組take the place of 代替，取代break down損壞，跨，壓倒，分解leave out省去，遺漏重點句子There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.It seemed strange that the man who had deve

4、loped communism should have lived and died in London.重點語法過去分詞做賓語補足語ii詞語辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）1）. divide/separate v.【解釋】divide把一個整體分成若干部分”，破壞了賓語的完整性，常與ihto ”連用separate指把原來連在一起或靠近的部分分割開來”，常與from”連用【練習】選擇divide或separate并用其適當的形式填空The apple was into two.His lecture divides into three parts.She was separated fr

5、om her husband last year.The Taiwan Strait Taiwan from FujianKeys: 1)divided 2) divides 3) separated 4 ) separates. puzzle/confuse【解釋】puzzle指情況錯宗復雜，因而使人感到困惑不解”confuse指“把事物混淆或弄亂或“由于混淆、混亂而糊涂”，語氣較弱，常指暫時現象【練習】選擇puzzle或confuse并用其適當的形式填空What he did puzzled me greatly.They asked me so many questions that t

6、hey confused me.I am always salt with sugar.The patient s illness the doctor; and he couldn t find the cause.Keys: 1) puzzled 2) confused 3) confusing 4) puzzleddebate/argue/discuss/quarrel 辯論，爭論【解釋】debate就已經確定或統一的問題，各述己見，公開，正式的爭論.含交鋒的意思argue指提出理由或事實，試圖在爭辯中說服對方，或促使他人擁護自己倡導的理由或觀點：discuss指一般討論，談論quarr

7、el常指因瑣事而感到氣憤，進行爭吵【練習】選擇 debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其適當的形式填空The couple are always quarreling about the past.Have you the problem with anyone?I with her all day about the situation.Keys: 1) quarreling 2) discussed 3) arguedinfluence/affect【解釋】Affect著重影響一個人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影響influence影響，指對人或事物起某種

8、作用，使其行為，性格或觀點等發生變化，常含有潛移默化的意味.【練習】選擇influence或affect并用其適當的形式填空The noise from the street affected my study.Outside factors influenced him to resign.My parents my childhood a great deal.Keys: 1) affected 2) influenced 3) influencedIII詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）1. convenience n.便利,方便，適合convenient adj.便利的，方便的con

9、veniently adv.便禾 U 地2. attraction n.吸弓 1 ,吸引力attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的attract v.吸引3. construct v.建造，構造，建立construction n.建筑,建設4. arrange v.安排，協商arrangement n. NE歹U,安NE5.collect v.收集，聚集，集中collection n.收藏，征U反,搜集品6. fair adj.公平地,公正地,unfair adj.不公平的7.suggest vt.建議，日自/卜suggestion n.提議,后、見,日首/卜，【練習】用括號內所提供詞

10、的適當形式填空These meals are quick and to prepare. We provide these meals for the of thecustomers. (convenience)What me first was that there is a beautiful house with an garden.(attraction)They had anthat the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)The classic musichis childhood, and he thought

11、 that listening to the music has a calmingon him. (influence)A new city of Wenchuan is still under , although it was a half yearago.(construct)At the whole classmates, the head teacher they should go camping thisweekend. (suggest)keys: 1) convenient; convenience 2) attracted; attractive 3) arrangeme

12、nt 4) influenced; influence 5) construction; constructed 6) suggestion; suggestedIV重點詞匯（旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）consist vi.由.組成，在于，一致consist of=be made up of 由組成；由構成典例Substances consist of small particles called molecules.物質是由叫做分子的微粒組成的。True charity doesnt consist in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。練習翻譯：1）這支球隊由12人組成。2）

13、這位藝術家的風格上的美在于它的簡樸。Keys: 1) the team consists of 12 players. 2)The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity.clarify v.澄?# ,闡明典例1)-Could you clarify the first point please?請你澄清第一個要點，好嗎？-I don t understand it completely , either .我也并不完全理解。His mind suddenly clarified.他的腦子突然清醒過來。練習翻譯句子1)她寫信

14、詳細說明她的意圖.2）澄清某人的立場Keys: 1)She wrote a letter to clarify her intentions. 2) clarify ones positionconvenience n.便利，方便，有益，有用的，方便的用具典例We bought this house for its convenience .我們買下這所房子是為了方便。Please come at your convenience . 請在你方便的時候來。Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment buildi

15、ng provides這幢新造的公寓大樓裝有煤氣等現代化設備。重點用法inconvenience n . 不方便convenient adj .便利的，適宜的at ones convenience 在某人方便的時候for ones convenience(of)為了某人的方便for conveniences sake 為了方便起見make a convenience of 利用練習翻譯句子1)如果方便就來看看我。2)你方便明天開始工作嗎？Keys: 1)Come and see me if it is convenient to you . 2) Will it be convenient f

16、or you to start work tomorrow？influence n.& vt.影響，感化，勢力，有影響的人(或事)典例What influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要這么做？Dont be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.別被他影響了 你，你該有你自己 的決定。重點用法have influence on/with 對產生影響under the influence of 在的影響下練習翻譯句子1)父母親的行為總會給孩子帶來影響。2)在議會的影響下，總統改變了主意。Keys: 1)

17、What parents do always has influence on their children. 2) The president changed his idea under the influence of the senate.available adj.可用到的,可利用的，有空的,典例Attention , please. These tickets are available on the day of issue only .請注意，這種車票僅在發售當天有效Dresses are not available in your size, Im afraid.這些衣服恐怕

18、沒有你的尺寸。重點用法反義詞：unavailable考例單項填空We regret to inform you that there are no tickets for Friday s performance.A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable【解析】根據句意“我們很遺憾地通知你星期五的演出票沒有了“。可知available “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定語。答案：Ao練習翻譯句子1)這里沒有這本書。2)在擁擠白地方，沒有車位可用。Keys: 1) This book is not available here. 2) I

19、n the busy place, no car parking is available for use.arrange v.安排,排歹U,協商典例The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.家長要這個小孩把鞋放成整齊的一排He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一個門當戶對的 女孩。重點用法arrange for安排，準備arrange with sb. about sth.與某人商定某事練

20、習翻譯句子1)你得在會議開始前把書架上的書整理好。2)他們在秘密地為一場盛大婚禮做準備Keys: 1) You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting. 2) They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.delight n.快樂，高興，喜悅v.(使)高興，(使)欣喜典例Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.

21、有時一部舊片仍能給懷念舊時光的人們帶來喜悅。The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children. 電影喜羊羊與灰太 郎使千萬小朋友獲得樂趣。重點用法take/find/have delight in 喜愛，以.為樂to sb.s delight令人高興的是.delight in 嗜好練習翻譯句子1)他的表演使觀眾感到滿意。2)唱歌是她的主要愛好。3)年輕人喜歡旅行。Keys: 1) He delighted the audience with his performance. 2) Singing i

22、s her chief delight. 3) The young delight in /take delight/ in travelsV重點詞組(旨在提供綜合運用所需材料).take the place of 代替，取代典例In the future, natural gas will take the place of petrol as the major fuel.將來天然氣會代替汽油成為主要的能源。I H take the place of Mr . Lin next week. =I H take Mr. Lins place next week .下周我將代替林老師。重點用法

23、take place發生；舉行take ones place 就位；代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在適當的位置out of place不得其所，不適當地in the first place 首先from place to place 至U處； 各處練習選擇以上短語填空A sudden accident in the street last evening.2)She likes everything before she starts to work . She hates a mess.Keys: 1)took place 2)in plac

24、ebreak down損壞，跨，壓倒，分解經典例句The bridge broke down .橋塌了。The engine broke down .發動機壞了。He has broken down from overwork .他因工作過度而累垮了。Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen . 水可以分解為氫和氧。The plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution .再建一個化工廠的計劃失敗了，因

25、為這將引起嚴重的污染。詞匯?敷活break away from 擺脫，脫離break in闖入；插話break into闖入；破門而人；打斷(談話)break off中止；折斷；打折break out爆發；突然發生break through 突破；沖垮break up分解；(使)結束;分開，分離練習請填人適當的介詞或副詞：1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it into pieces.The elevator broke.Fighting broke in the prison cells.4)Fire br

26、oke during the night.5) On the way to the prison house, the prisoners suddenly broke from the policeman.Keys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) awayleave out省去，遺漏典例You have left out the most important word in this sentence你在這一句中遺漏了最重要的一個單詞。Dont leave me out when you invite people to your party 當你邀請人們

27、去參加晚會時，別把我漏掉了。重點用法leave for動身到(某處)leave alone不管;撇下一個人leave aside 擱置leave behind 遺忘;遺留練習請填人適當的介詞或副詞：They were left in the wilderness.He was asked to make up the information left by the leader.Keys: 1) alone 2) outVI重點句子(旨在提供句子結構等所需材料)1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words ar

28、e used to describe the four countries.沒有必要去爭論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個國家。解釋There is no need to do沒有必要做某事There is no doubt that 是毫無疑問的練習漢譯英1)我們有必要再去那一趟嗎？2）沒必要給他寫封信告知這個消息Keys:Is there any need for us to go there again?There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.It seemed strange that the man who ha

29、d developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一件怪事：這位發展了共產主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，而且在倫敦去世.解釋It is/seems/that從句用虛擬語氣,由“should+v.原形”構成典例It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應了我。It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me.真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應了 我。練習翻譯1)真奇怪，他竟然考試不及格.2)似乎很奇怪

30、，他能夠通過觸摸判斷花的種類。Key: 1）It s strange that he should fail the exam. 2） It seemed strange that he could tell the different kinds of flower by touching.二、課文要點1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復習本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）根據課文內容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：The United Kingdom 1 （由組成） four countries: England, 2, Scotland andNorthern Ireland, 3 is k

31、nown to the world in a flag 4 （call） the Union Jack. The four countries do work together in some areas, but they have developed different 5 （教育的）and legal systems. England, the largest of the four countries, is 6（大致）divided into three zones.Its capital, 7, has been influenced by the invaders of Engl

32、and, and you will find 8greatest historical treasure in it.答案：1. consists of 2. Wales 3. which 4. called 5. educational 6. roughly 7. London 8. the2課文大意概括（旨在訓練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課文，試著用 30來個單詞概括課文大意或將下面的短文譯成英語。從短文中我們得知聯合王國由四個國家：英格蘭，威爾士，蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭組成。它 還介紹了英國和倫敦，并說明英格蘭文化如何受到入侵者的影響。Fromthepassageweknow答案： Fr

33、om the passage we know the United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It also gives us a brief introduction of England and London, and explains how the culture of England was influenced by its invaders3課文佳句背誦與仿寫 （旨在培養對難句的理解和運用能力）1【原句】The greatest histor

34、ical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres,parks and buildings.模仿要點將兩個簡單句合并成一句，并很好地運用with + N.作定語。【模仿】1.作為奧運項目，射擊穩步發展，1896年奧運會只有三個項目，現今有 17項。(NMET2008)答案： As an Olympic sport, shooting has been developing steadily with only three events in 1896 but 17 events at the mo

35、ment.【模仿】2.如收門票，需建大門、圍墻，會影響城市形象。答案： With entrance fees charged, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of the city .2【原句】 There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.模仿要點句子結構：there is no need t

36、o do sth 【模仿】1你沒有必要花很多時間做英語練習而不加思考。答案： There is no need to spend much of your spare time doing English exercises without think of their rules.【模仿】2我們沒有必要再爭論學生該不該上網，我們所要做的應該是充分使用網絡來擴大 我們的知識而盡量避免它的負面影響。答案： There is no need to debate /quarrel/ discuss any more whether students should surf the Internet

37、or not. What we should do now is to make good use of the net to increase our knowledge and try to avoid its bad effect.3【原句】 Now when people refer to England you find Wakes included as well.模仿要點句子結構：when you will find sb included as well【模仿1】 當人們談到我們班的高材生時，你會發現湯姆也包括其中。答案： Now when people refer to th

38、e top students in our class, you will find Tom included as well.Li Pings name , I think, must be mentioned as well.【模仿2】 當老師表語哪些工作出色的人時，我敢說，你會發現姆也包括其中。答案： When the teacher praises the whose who do well in their jobs, I dare say, you will find Tom included as well.三、單元自測1完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-30各題所給

39、的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。字婁好.181完成時間：14分鐘難度：*The legal age for smoking in Japan is 20 and as the country s 570,000 tobacco vending machines （自動售貨機）prepare for a July regulation requiring them to ensure buyers are not minors, a company has developed a 21 to identify age by studying facial featur

40、es.By having the customer look into a digital camera 22 to the machine, Fujitaka Cos system will 23 facial characteristics, such as wrinkles surrounding the eyes, bone structure and skin sags （松弛），to the facial data of over 100,000 people, Hajime Yamamoto, a company spokesman said.With face 24, so l

41、ong as youve got some change and you are an adult, you can buycigarettes like before. The problem of 25 borrowing （identification） cards to purchase cigarettes could be 26 as well, Yamamoto said.But due to concerns about its accuracy, the facial identification method has yet to be 27.Yamamoto said t

42、he system could 28 identify about 90 percent of the29 , withthe remaining 10 percent sent to a grey zone for minors that look 30, and baby-facedadults, where they would be asked to insert their driving license.21. A. systemB. machineC. programD. monitor22. A. addedB. attachedC. coveredD. devoted23.

43、A. preferB. adjustC. leadD. compare24. A. featuresB. structureC. recognitionD. expression25. A. studentsB. youthsC. adultsD. minors26. A. avoidedB. clarifiedC. raisedD. improved27. A. correctedB. approvedC. updatedD. spread28. A. completelyB. correctlyC. specificallyD. partly29. A. smokersB. sellers

44、C. lookers-onD. users30. A. olderB.youngerC. wiserD. nicer答案：Ao從第二段及最后一段第一句可以判斷：一家日本公司研制出一套年齡識別體系。Bo attach to所附的，“附在機器上的數碼相機”。其他三個選項不符合語境。Do compare . to .“系統將面部特征與十萬多人的面部數據進行對比”。其他三個選項動詞盡管可以和to連用，但不符合語境。C。features 特征，structure 構造，recognition 識別，expression 表情，選項 C 符合語境。Do從文章第一句及最后一句可以判斷。minor未成年人，本

45、文首句提到吸煙的合法年齡是20歲，自動售貨機要確保購買者不是未成年人。Ao年齡識別系統可以避免未成年人借用身份證購買香煙的問題。clarify澄清。Bo因涉及到準確性問題，這套面部識別方法還有待批準。Bo該系統能正確識別出約90%的使用者。Do從第一段to ensure buyers are not minors判斷，該系統識別的是使用自動售貨機購買香 煙者。故選users oA。從baby-faced adults可得提示。有10%的長相顯老的未成年人和娃娃臉的成年人進入“灰色地帶”。2.語法填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的

46、正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為31-40的相應位置上。字婁k: 182完成時間：9分鐘難度：*For many times in the past years I went to the hospital for some minor 31 (treat) during my travel in other cities. It was the 32 (sad) moment of my life, I think, because nobody would come to the hospital to visit me. 33 patients had family or fri

47、ends to visit them during the visiting hours I felt really alone. 34 is it possible that out of a whole world full of people, 35 would come to visit me for just an hour? The answer in my case was simple. With a bit of medication (藥物治療),I was back in the stream of life again. But I 36 (leave) with a

48、deep thought for all the people and the elderly. 37 knows how many others that lie in the hospital with nobody 38 (visit) them or give a kind word of comfort? I had this wonderful idea of forming 39 organization in cities around the world, getting to hospitals to visit the patients who never get a v

49、isit and someone local could drop 40 with a smile and a kind word. Wouldnt it be nice and relatively easy to do? 答案： 31.treatments。本空前面的 minor是一個形容詞，它暗示了本空應填入一個名詞。Treat(治療)的名詞形式是treatment。此外，本空前面的形容詞 some暗示了所填的名詞應用復數形式。saddesto本空考查形容詞的最高級形式的用法。而且前面有定冠詞the提示，根據句子意思應該選擇saddestOther o考查other做形容詞的用法，此時，

50、 other意為“其他的，另外的“。 34. How。考查疑問詞的用法。nobody。根據上下文，我們可以知道，沒有任何人來探望作者本人。was left。be left with a thought是一個固定的搭配，意為“產生的一個想法”。Who。考查疑問詞的用法。這句話是個特殊疑問句，根據句子意思可知需要選who。to visit o考查 with的復合結構。an。本空填入一個不定冠詞表示泛指。in / by / round。本空考查短語drop in / by / round的用法，其意思為：順便訪問，順便進入。3.閱讀理解(每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和

51、D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項詞數：424完成時間：8分鐘難度：*Healthy relationships are fun and make you feel good about yourself. The relationships that you make in your teenage years will be a special pan of your life. They will teach you some of the most important lessons about who you are. This may help you understand

52、different kinds of relationships, what makes each relationship special, and how to communicate in a positive way.What makes a relationship healthy?Communication and Sharing: The most important part of any healthy relationship between two people is being able to talk and listen to each other. You and

53、 the other person can find out what your common interests are. You can share your feelings with the other person and trust that he or she will be there to listen to you and support you. In healthy relationships, people dont lie. Communication is based on honesty and trust. By listening carefully and

54、 sharing your thoughts and feelings with other people, you show them that they play an important part in your life.Respect and Trust: In healthy relationships, you learn to respect and trust important people in your life. Disagreements may still happen, but you learn to stay calm and talk about how

55、you feel. Talking calmly helps you to understand the real reason for not getting along. It makes it much easier to figure out how to fix it. In healthy relationships, working through disagreements often makes the relationship stronger. In healthy relationships, people respect each other for who they

56、 are. This includes respecting and listening to yourself and your feelings so you can set boundaries and feel comfortable. You will fred that you learn to understand experiences and feelings of others as well as having them understand your experiences and feelings.How do I know that I have a healthy

57、 relationship with someone ?You know that you are in a healthy relationship with someone because you feel good about yourself when you are around that person. Unhealthy relationships can make you feel sad, angry, scared, or worried.Healthy peer relationships involve an equal amount of giving and tak

58、ing in the relationship. In unhealthy relationships, there is an unfair balance. You may often feel that you are giving the other person more attention than that he or she gives to you.You should feel safe around the other person and feel that you can trust him or her with your secrets. In a healthy

59、 relationship, you like to spend time with the other person, instead of feeling that you have to spend time with him or her.The lessons you learn about the relationships in your teenage years may help you understand the following EXCEPT.different kinds of relationshipsdifferent kinds of people and o

60、ccasionshow to communicate in a positive waywhat makes each relationship specialTo have a healthy relationship, you shouldnt.talk and listen to each otherhave common interestsdisagree and quarrel with each othertake as much as you giveWhen disagreements happen, you learn to stay calm because.A. talk