1、教師輔導(dǎo)講義年 級：高二 課時數(shù)： 3 輔導(dǎo)科目：英語課題Unit 6: Space exploration 基礎(chǔ)詞匯梳理教學(xué)目標(biāo)1 使學(xué)生能夠基本掌握 unit6 中的基礎(chǔ)詞匯及其拓展用法；2 幫助學(xué)生梳理課文中的一些重點句型，并且會做一些基礎(chǔ)的單選題。教學(xué)內(nèi)容Step1: Greetings & Free talk Is there something interesting or important this week?Step2: Warming up.The Laziest Man on the FarmA farmer had ten employees on his farm,

2、and none of them was as energetic as the farmer thought he should be. He hit upon a plan which he believed would cure them of their lazy habits.Men, he said one morning, I have a nice, easy job for the laziest man on the farm. Will the laziest man step forward? Instantly, nine of the men stepped for

3、ward.Why dont you step to the front with the rest? inquired the farmer of the remaining one. Too much trouble, came the reply.Step3: Key words and expressions of this Unit1. Mars 火星In Roman Mythology, Mars was referred to as the God of War.在羅馬神話中，火星代表著戰(zhàn)神。【拓展】 Martian adj火星的 n火星人Exactly speaking, a M

4、artian day lasts 24. 629 9 hours. 確切地說，一個火星日有 24. 629 9 小時。On October 31, 1938 the radio warned the people that Martians would invade New Jersey. 1938年 10月 31日，電臺警告人們說，火星人要侵入新澤西州。2. transform v 轉(zhuǎn)變，使變態(tài)，使改變性質(zhì)，改造，改革Success and wealth transformed his character. 成功和財富使他的性格發(fā)生了改變。【搭配】 transform into 改變成；轉(zhuǎn)變

5、成Last year, the city spent several million dollars transforming this area into a commercial. 去年市府花了幾百萬美元將這一地區(qū)改造成商業(yè)區(qū)。【拓展】 transformation n. 變化In the last five years, he has undergone a personal transformation. 在過去的五年中，他經(jīng)歷了一次個人轉(zhuǎn)型。3 convert vt（常與 into 連用）轉(zhuǎn)變；變換；兌換That building has been converted into a

6、luxurious hotel. 那棟建筑被改造成了一棟豪華賓館。1 want to convert so me Euros into American dollars. 我想把一些歐元兌換成美元。 【辨析】 transform 與 convert 意義上的區(qū)別transform指“人、物在性質(zhì)上或形態(tài)上發(fā)生徹底或基本的變化”把一種形式的能變成另一種形式的能convert指“使某物從一種狀態(tài)或情況轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠渌麪顟B(tài)或情況”特指“適用于新的用途或目的而轉(zhuǎn)變”We converted boxes into furniture. 我們把這些盒子做成一些家具。 Only scientists can tr

7、ansform one form of energy into another.只有科學(xué)家才能把一種形式的能轉(zhuǎn)換成為另一種形式的能。conduct1) vt. 引導(dǎo)，管理，為人，傳導(dǎo)Your children conduct themselves well.= Your children behave themselves well 你的孩子們行為規(guī)矩。 【拓展】conduct electricity導(dǎo)電常用動賓搭配conduct an experiment做實驗conduct a survey進(jìn)行調(diào)查conduct ones business做生意Everyday a small group

8、 of scientists go into a think tank to conduct experiment.每天，一小組科學(xué)家加入智囊團(tuán)進(jìn)行實驗。Wood cannot conduct electricity, no more can glass. 木頭不能導(dǎo)電，玻璃也是如此。2) n 行為；舉止；舉動；品行 His conduct disagrees with his words. 他的言行不一致。【拓展】 conductorn1) 樂隊指揮，售票員 the conductor of an orchestra 樂隊指揮 a bus conductor 公交車售票員2) 電 導(dǎo)體Cop

9、per is a good conductor of heat. 銅是很好的導(dǎo)熱體。landing n登陸The plane s landing was delayed because of a heavy fo飛g機(jī). 因大霧而推遲降落。【搭配】 emergency landing 緊急降落 hard/tough landing 航空 硬著陸make a safe landing安全著陸When the engine trouble occurred, the pilot saw that the best way was to make an emergency landing, 發(fā)動機(jī)發(fā)

10、生故障時，飛行員意識到緊急降落是上策。【拓展】 land v著陸；登陸； (自船上)卸貨take off (飛機(jī))起飛The jet landed after a flight of just under three hours. 在飛行不到 3 小時之后，他們的噴氣式飛機(jī)著陸了。He landed his troops on the west shore. 他讓他的部隊在西海岸登陸。The ship landed the goods at Shanghai. 船在上海卸貨。The nursery teacher often leads her children to watch aircra

11、fts take off or land. 幼兒園教師經(jīng)常帶領(lǐng)孩子們?nèi)タ达w機(jī)起飛或降落。n陸地by land over land由陸路；走陸路在陸地上We traveled by land until we reached the sea. 我們由陸路旅行，一直到大海。 Do you like to travel over land or sea? 你喜歡在陸上還是在海上旅行？6 reflect v反射A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it. 當(dāng)你看鏡子時，你能看見鏡子中你的成像。搭配】 reflect on/upon 仔細(xì)

12、考慮reflect that/how -. 表達(dá)；反映We should give ourselves time to reflect on 比 70n our future. 我們應(yīng)該給自己時間來考慮一下自己的未來。Does this letter reflect how you really think?這封信是否表達(dá)了你真實的想法？ 拓展】 reflection n反射；反省，沉思未經(jīng)深思：對當(dāng)前形勢的看法do sth. without sufficient reflection reflections on the current situationMary stared at her

13、 reflection in the bedroom mirror. 瑪麗盯著臥室鏡子里的映像看。7 retain vt.保持，保留retain an appearance of youth 保持年輕的外貌 a vessel to retain water盛水的容器retain ones balance保持平衡Each country retained its traditional and habitual ways of doing things. 每個國家都保持著自己特有的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗和行為習(xí)慣。He retains a deep respect for the profession. 他對

14、這份職業(yè)懷有深深的敬意。melt （使）融化，（使）熔化，使軟化，使感動The snow on top “ the mountains melted （away）under the sun. 山頂上的雪在陽光下融化了。Chocolates of famous brands melt in the mouth. 品牌巧克力人口即化。The crowd melted away after the rally. 集會結(jié)束之后，人群逐漸散去。Our hearts melted at the childs tears. 孩子的眼淚使我們的心變軟了。【辨析】melt通過加熱把物質(zhì)由固態(tài)變成液態(tài)dissol

15、ve溶解，指使（固態(tài)物）在液體中溶解G1ass melt at high temperature 玻璃會在高溫下熔解。The experiment required us to dissolve sugar in water. 實驗要求我們將糖放入水中溶解。breathable adj 可以吸入的After the accident at the chemical factory, the air inside the building was no longer breathable, so the rescued workers had to wear masks. 化工廠出事后，樓里的空

16、氣不能呼吸，因此救護(hù)人員只好戴上口罩。We need breathable air.我們需要適于呼吸的空氣。 【辨析】breathe v.呼吸，賦予以（生氣等）breath n. 呼吸breathe in 吸氣out of breath上氣不接下氣breathe out呼氣holdcatch one s brea屏th住 呼吸breathe into 給予生氣stoppause for breath 停下來喘口氣gasp for breath上氣不接下氣The doctor told him to breathe in deeply and then breathe out.醫(yī)生叫他先深深吸一

17、口氣，然后再把氣吐出來。Will the new general manager be able to breathe new life into the company? 這位新任總經(jīng)理能不能給公司增添新的活力？After climbing that hill she was completely out of breath. 爬完那座山后，她已完全喘不過氣來了。 I came out of the water and gasped for breath. 我鉆出水面，急切地喘了口氣。manned adj載人的【搭配】 manned space flight載人航天飛行manned spac

18、eship載人宇宙飛船manned space programme 載人航天計劃I was so excited that we could launch our manned spaceship into space at last. 我太興奮了，我們終于能自己發(fā)射載人宇宙飛船進(jìn)入太空了。tie1) 系，打結(jié)，扎，約束Tie your shoes.把你的鞋帶系上。【搭配】tie up包起來；系tie to sth用繩子把be closely tied密切聯(lián)系Can you tie up this parcel for me? 你能替我捆好這個包裹嗎？He tied the cow to on

19、e of the trees near the lake. 他把牛系在靠近湖邊的一棵樹上。My social life and business life are closely tied.找的社會生活與我所從事的生意是密切聯(lián)系的。2) n. 領(lǐng)結(jié)，領(lǐng)帶；平局Jack had taken off his Jacket and loosened his tie. 杰克脫下了夾克衫并解開了領(lǐng)帶。The game ended in a tie. 比賽以平局結(jié)束。12 boom1) vi. 迅速增長；趨于繁榮；景氣 Business is booming 生意日趨繁榮。 In a city with

20、booming industry, land is precious and cannot be extravagantly used for traffic. 在一個工業(yè)飛速發(fā)展的城市里，土地資源非常寶貴，不能任意地用于交通。2) n繁榮，隆隆聲This boom in adult education, in turn, helps to raise the intellectual standard of the whole country. 成人教育熱反過來又促進(jìn)了整個國家文化水平的提高。An economic boom followed, especially in housing a

21、nd construction. 房地產(chǎn)建設(shè)隨即會帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮。13 explosion n. 爆炸，爆發(fā)；發(fā)作，激增After the second explosion, all of Londons main train and subway stations were shut down. 在第二次爆炸之后，倫敦所有的火車站和地鐵站都被關(guān)閉了。【搭配】 an explosion of anger/rage explosions of laughter a population explosion【拓展】 explode v爆炸；爆發(fā)A bomb exploded 一顆炸彈爆炸了。A s

22、chool bus was hit by gunfire which exploded the fuel tank. 一輛小車被槍擊中，引起了油箱的爆炸。 【搭配】 explode with anger rage 勃然大怒At the news he exploded with anger.聽了這個消息，他勃然大怒。14. lunar adj 月亮的，月球的 【辨析】moon n.sunn.lunar adj.solaradj.lunar eclipse月蝕solarsystem太陽系lunar calendar陰歷solarenergy太陽能solarcalendar陽歷Many peopl

23、e are interested in the lunar landscape. 許多人對月球上的風(fēng)景感興趣。An increasing number of people would like to use solar energy to substitute for the traditional energy, for it is green. 越來越多的人愿意用太陽能取代傳統(tǒng)能源，因為它十分環(huán)保。15 mission n使命，任務(wù)，代表團(tuán)He was sent to Washington on a diplomatic mission.他被派往華盛頓，負(fù)有外交使命。The first s

24、pace mission to send back pictures from the surface of Mars was Viking l in 1976. 第一次從火星表面發(fā)回照片的太空飛行任務(wù)是1976 年由“海盜 1號”執(zhí)行。【搭配】 a trade mission to Japan 赴日貿(mào)易代表團(tuán)missionary n傳教士Expressionsdream of 夢見；渴望【搭配】 dream thatdream away one s life dream a dream go to one s dream awake from a dream live in a dreamD

25、ream comes trueLittle did I dream of succeeding so夢想 虛度（光陰） 做夢進(jìn)入夢鄉(xiāng) 從夢中醒來 夢一般地過一輩子 夢想成真 ell. 我做夢也想不到如此圓滿的成功。I never dreamed that I could travel in space. 我從未想到能去太空旅行。Its easy to dream away the best years of your life. 人生的美好年華很容易虛度。 His dream of being a doctor has come true 他成為醫(yī)生的夢想終于成真了。 拓展】 come tru

26、e 實現(xiàn)Many of his predictions are coming true. 他的許多預(yù)言都變成了現(xiàn)實。 辨析】come true系表結(jié)構(gòu)；主語通常為 dream, wish 或 predictionrealize動詞；主語通常為“人”The couple realized their dream of owning a house of their own after ten years of hard work. =The couples dream of owning their own house came true after ten years of hard work

27、.經(jīng)過十年的艱辛勞動，這對夫婦終于實現(xiàn)了擁有一棟屬于自己房子的夢想。name after 以命名 The son was named after his grandfather. 兒子是以他祖父的名字命名。n名字，名稱；名聲；名譽(yù)【搭配】 worth （worthy of） the name無愧于稱號under the name （of）用 用名字 （ 指化名，筆名，假名等 ）make get win a name （for oneself）出名，成名in the name of以 的名義be of the name of名叫He is worthy of the name as “model

28、 teacher” . 他無愧于模范教師的稱號。She wrote a letter to the editorial under the name of “ Lilac ”. 她以紫丁香為筆名寫了一封信給主編。 He made a name for himself as a concert pianist. 他是以鋼琴演奏家而聞名的。He attended the party in the name of his father. 他以他父親的名義參加了這個派對。Have you talked with the girl by the name of “ Elizabeth ？ 你有沒有和那個

29、叫伊麗莎白的女孩交談過？Step4: Consolidation exercise.Section A ： Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrasesLast year, the city spent several million dollars （改造 ） this area into a commercial.Little did I of succeeding so well.That building has been c into a luxurious hotel.The satellite was launched int

30、o the round the Mars.We should give ourselves time to 仔細(xì)考慮 ） our future.O i s essential to most of the living creatures.Our hearts m at the childs tears.He 1his troops on the west shore.The daughter （ 命名） her grandmother.China launched the first m spaceship on Octoberl5, 2003.She r an appearance of

31、youth because of her healthy lifestyle.Farmers s pesticides to kill harmful insects on the apple trees.P bears can not survive naturally in the tropical areas.I dont think ones social life and business life should be closely t .On the lake we saw a mass of water v rising from the surface.Because the

32、 climate changed, lots of people were forced to （ 遷移 ） to the north.The plane finally 1 after a flight of more than 12 hours.They are going to c a survey on everyday diets of the local people.In a city with b industry, land is precious and cannot be extravagantly used for traffic.In spring, you can

33、clearly see the snow on top of the mountains （熔化 ） under the sun.Keys: 1. transforming2.dream3.converted4. orbit5.reflect on/upon6. Oxygen7.melted8.landed9. was named after10.manned11. retained12.spray13.Polar14. tied15.vapour16. migrate17.landed18. conduct19. booming20. meltsSection B ： Fill in the

34、 blanks with suitable words or phrases from the list given below. Change the form where necessary.convert intoreflectmeltmissionrelease intocome truelandexplosionmoonsun retainsignbreathIn order to be more environmentally friendly, human beings ought to use energy as much as possibleinstead of using

35、 petrol and coal.Iron when it is made very hot.On the first day of the Spring Festival, my son three firecrackers, which really made him excited.The government has made it a law that any poisonous gases shouldnt the air without proper treatmentof chemical substances.Sponsored by a wealthy alumnus, t

36、he deserted workshopa school.Although they are very thirsty, they cant find a vessel to w ater.After careful investigation, the police declared there was no of life about the house.She believed that her in life was helping the old and the sick.The doctor told him to in and out deeply to study his sy

37、mptoms, which can help the doctor make hisdiagnosis. is valuable. Not an inch of it is allowed to lie waste.Concern about the economic situation in the governments budget.To our surprise, many of his predictions are .Keys: 1. solar2. will melt3. exploded4. be released into5. has been converted into6

38、. retain7. signs8. mission9. breathe10. Land11. was reflected12. coming trueStep5: 能力訓(xùn)練AA story from the Bible tells of old Babylon, where the men decided to build a tower that would touch the sky. But God was unhappy, and he made them speak different languages. They couldnt understand each other, s

39、o their dream never came true.Yet the dream remains alive: if all men speak the same language, they can do anything. L. L. Zamenhof from Poland was among the men who pursue this dream. He developedE speranto between 1877 and 1885.As the most successful man-made world language, it is spoken by over t

40、wo million people around the world.Most Esperanto speakers are in Central and Eastern Europe and in East Asia, particularly Chinese mainland. Esperanto has two advantages. First, its easy. Each letter has exactly one sound and there are just 16 basic grammar rules. The second advantage is that it be

41、longs to no country.But Esperanto has only reached a small number of people compared with natural languages widely used around the world such as English or Chinese. While these languages are deeply connected with their nations and cultures, Esperanto doesnt have this background.Will Esperanto really

42、 become a global language? It remains a question.The writer tells us a story at the beginning to .explain why men have been making the effort to create a language shared by allexplain why men now speak different languagesC . show the relationship between man and GodD. prove language is very importan

43、tWhat does the word pursue in the second paragraph mean?realizeB . work forC . be against D. come trueWhat is the basic difference between Esperanto and English?More people speak English than Esperanto.Esperanto words are easier to spell.Esperanto has fewer grammar rules.Esperanto is not supported b

44、y any country or culture.What does the story mainly talk about?The advantages of Esperanto.Mens dream of sharing the same language.C . Comparison of Esperanto and other languages.D. The most successful man-made world language Esperanto.Keys: ABDDI asked Jackie a lot of questions. I asked if she beca

45、me close to her patients. She said, Some I do, especially if 1have become their close friends and they tell me things they wouldnt tell anyone else. Ive found it harder for the patients family to accept whats happening. In most cases, the dying person has accepted the truth.I asked her how she could

46、 do this work for so long. She said, I have taken care of 3,000 people over 37 years. I consider dying to be a very important part of life. I feel good because I can make these peoples journey easier.Jackie was the mother I have never had. My own mother, Helen, was taken away from me right after I w

47、as born. I never knew her. And I had a strange relationship with my father. He was a Sunday father. Since my sister and I lived in foster homes, he came to visit only on Sundays.toBut at the hospital , nurse Jackie gave me hope, love and encouragement. She listened to all my stories, and I listene h

48、ers. It was a comfort. The nurses had told my family that death was coming near. As time went on, I became the star patient at the hospice, because I didnt go according to plans. My kidneys started working again and could function without dialysis It was a mystery to my doctors. My friends said it w

49、as a miracle. But I knew what actually cured me.The employees showed me off to other patients and being the ham I was, I enjoyed.According to the second paragraph, the reason why Jackie feels happy is that .she can have a trip with the patient.she knows dying is very importantshe can reduce patients

50、 pain during their last daysshe can arrange a journey for the patients before they dieThey author mentioned his parents in the third paragraph in order to tell us .A. he wants parents to love their own childrenJackie cares for him more than his parents dohe loves Jackie more than he loves his parent

51、she had a very unhappy childhoodThe underlined word miracle in the fourth paragraph means something that is .A. very excitingB. hard to believeC . very riskyD. very importantWe can learn from the passage that .A. Jackie worked in the hospice as a volunteer.B. the authors mother left him when he was

52、twothe author was the youngest child in his familythe author didnt like being the hospice poster boyAccording to the author, actually cured him.A. Jackies love and encouragementB. other patients moving storiesthe help of a well -known doctorD. his strong desire to liveKeys: CBBCAStep6: To have a sum

53、mary1、 What have you got from this period?2、 What would you like to learn next period?Step 7: Homework1 記憶重要詞匯2 完成課后作業(yè)Section A: ClozeOnce, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus.1 , therewas only one family between us and the ticket counter.This f

54、amily made a big impression on me. There were eight children, all probably under the age of 12. Their clothes were not 2 , but they were clean. The children were 3 , all of them standing in line, two -by-two behind their parents, 4 hands. They were excitedly jabbering （ 喋喋不休地說 ） about the clowns, el

55、ephants, and other acts they would see that night.One could 5 they had never been to the circus before. It 6 to be a highlight of their young lives.The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He 7 responded, Please let me buy eight childrens tickets and two adult tickets so I can ta

56、ke my family to the circus. The ticket lady quoted （ 報價 ） the price. The mothers head 8 , and her lip began to quiver （顫抖）. The father leaned a little 9 and asked, How much did you say?The ticket lady again quoted the price. The man didnt have enough money.Seeing what was going on, my dad put his hand in his pocket, 10 a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground. （We were not wealthy in any sense of the word!） Then he reached down, 11 the bill, tapped the man on the shoulder and said, Excuse me, sir, this fell out of your pocket.The man