1、水輪機調節系統仿真常用名詞術語水輪機調節系統 hydraulic turbine regulating system水輪機控制系統 hydraulic turbine control systems被控制系統 controlled system隨動系統調速器電(氣)servo-systemernor)調速器 electric-hydraulicernor微機調速器puter basedernor雙調整調速器 double regulatingernor比例-積分-微分調速器 proportional-egral-derivative測速裝置 speed sensing device測頻單元 f

2、requency module人工死區單元 artifil dead band module電液轉換器 electro-hydraulic converter 電液伺服閥 electro-hydraulic servo-valve電液比例（方向）閥 electro-hydraulic proportional (directional) valve主配壓閥 main distributing valve, control valve（機械）開度限制機構 (mechanical) opening limiter電氣開度限制單元 electrical opening limiterernor轉速調

3、整機構功率給定單元頻率給定單元speed adjusting mechanism, speed changerer setting modulefrequency setting module接力器 servomotor輔助接力器 auxiliary servomotor中間接力器 pilot servomotor主接力器 main servomotor導葉接力器 guide varvomotor轉葉折向器/偏流器接力器 (runner) blade jet deflector/cut in deflector servomotor協聯裝置 combination device分段關閉裝置 s

4、tep closing device自動運行 automatic operation手動運行 manual operation限負荷運行 limited load operation孤立運行并聯運行空載運行isolated operationparallel operationno-load operation, idling operation帶負荷運行 load operation甩負荷 load rejection穩定狀態 steady se變狀態 small oscillation condition; small transient condition小波動狀態；大波動狀態；大瞬變狀

5、態 large oscillation condition; large transient condition型式試驗出廠試驗驗收試驗type testworkshop test acceptance test空載擾動試驗 no-load disturbing test帶負荷試驗 load test甩負荷試驗 load rejection test轉速 speed頻率 frequency額定轉速相對轉速轉速偏差rated speedrelative speedspeed deviation轉速相對偏差 relative deviation of speed給定指令信號給定信號偏差給定信號相對

6、偏差d signald signal deviation relative deviation ofd signal接力器行程 servomotor stroke接力器最大行程接力器相對行程接力器行程偏差um servomotor strokerelative stroke of servomotorservomotor stroke deviation接力器行程相對偏差 relative deviation of servomotor stroke主配壓閥中間位置 neutralition of main distributing valve主配壓閥行程 main distributing

7、valve stroke主配壓閥最大行程um stroke of main distributing valve主配壓閥相對行程 relative stroke of main distributing valve主配壓閥最大工作行程 工作油壓 operating oil preum operating stroke of main distributing valvere發電機輸出功率er output of terator轉矩偏差流量偏差水頭偏差torque deviationdischarge deviationhead deviation搭疊量 overlap主配壓閥最大許用輸油量um

8、 allowable delivery of main distributing valve水輪機控制系統靜態特性 droop graph of turbine control system永態差值系數 permanent droop暫態差值系數 temporary droop緩沖裝置時間常數 time constant of dam速動時間常數 promptitude time constant時間常數 derivative time constant微分環節時間常數 time constant of derivative module 接力器響應時間常數 servomotor respon

9、se time constant微分環節時間常數 time constant of derivative moduledevice比例增益積分增益開環增益proportional gainegral gain opening loop gain轉速穩定性指數 speed stability index死區 dead band給定信號死區d signal dead band隨動系統確度 servo-system inaccuracy接力器不動時間 servomotor dead time接力器最短關閉時間 minimum servomotor closing time接力器最短開啟時間 mini

10、mum servomotor opening time接力器作用力 servomotor force接力器容量 servomotor capacity水流慣性時間常數 water inertia time constant管道反射時間 penstock reflection time機組慣性時間常數 unit inertia time constant, unit acceleration constant負載慣性時間常數 load inertia time constant水輪機轉矩對轉速的傳遞系數 transmiscoefficient of turbine torque to speed

11、（水輪機自調節系數 turbilf-regulation coefficient）發電機負載轉矩對轉速的傳遞系數 transmis speed（發電機負載自調節系數 generator load self-regulation coefficient）被控制系統自調節系數 controlled system self-regulation coefficient電網負載特性系數 network load characteristic coefficientcoefficient of generator loadtorque to水輪機轉矩對水頭的傳遞系數 transmiscoefficien

12、t of turbine torque to head水輪機轉矩對導葉噴針接力器行程的傳遞系數 transmis to gateneedle servomotor stroke, turbine control transmis水輪機轉矩對轉輪葉片接力器行程的傳遞系數 transmisblade servomotor strokecoefficient of turbine torqueradiocoefficient of turbine torque to流量對轉速的傳遞系數 transmis流量對水頭的傳遞系數 transmiscoefficient of discharge to speed