1、Section Learning about Language核 心 要 點 探 究 (教材P45)I would rather work for a small business than a large corporation.我寧愿為一家小企業工作而不是一家大的公司。【要點提煉】句中would rather意思是“寧愿、寧可、更、最好、還是為好”，后接動詞原形，常省略為d rather，表示優先選擇的一種方式。其否定形式是would rather not do sth.。would rather沒有人稱和數的變化。Mr.Li would rather not listen to rock

2、 music.李先生不愿意聽搖滾音樂。 If youd rather be alone，well all leave here.如果你寧愿獨自待著，那我們都離開這兒。如果在兩者中進行取舍，表示“寧愿而不愿，與其寧可”的意思時，則可用would rather.than.或would.rather than.的句型。使用would rather.than.句型時要注意“平行結構”，即在than 的前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組，如兩個名詞、兩個不定式、兩個介詞短語等。在疑問句式中，would rather 與would rather.than.中的would要放在主語之前。would rather從句

3、，是一個常用的虛擬語氣句型，從句謂語用一般過去時來表示現在或將來。其意為“寧愿，還是 好些”“一個人寧愿另一個人做某事”。引導從句的that常省略。在談到過去的動作時，謂語則用過去完成時。I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我寧可在家看電視而不愿去看電影。Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意待在這里，還是回家？Id rather you didnt go out alone.我想你還是不要一個人出門。用動詞的正確形式填空Id rather (stay)at home than

4、 (go)out for a walk.There is an important meeting tomorrow.Id rather he (come)【答案】stay；gocame appoint vt.任命，委派；約定；指定(教材P46)Committee members recently appointed me their chairman and have asked me to tell you how much we all appreciate your donation.委員會最近任命我為主席，并讓我代為轉達我們對您慷慨捐贈的感激之情。The company decide

5、d to appoint a new treasurer.公司決定任命一位新財務主管。We must appoint a day to meet again.我們要約定好下次會面的日期。appoint sb.as.任命某人為appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事appointed adj. 指定的；約定的；任命的appointment n. 約定；任命；約會make/fix an appointment with sb.與某人約會If we come to terms，well appoint you as our agent.如果達成協議，我們將指定你為我方的代理。Ive

6、 made an appointment with Mr.Smith.我已與史密斯先生有約會。【導學號：28422049】完成句子委員會指定六月的一天進行慶祝。The committee a day in June for celebrations.他被任命為委員會主席。He was Chairman of the council.打電話給他的秘書約定時間。Phone his secretary and 【答案】appointedappointed asmake an appointment raise vt.升起；舉起；飼養；提出；引起；籌集(教材P46)We have found it v

7、ery difficult to raise the money we need to help them as many people are not concerned with their welfare.我們發現籌集我們需要的資金來幫助他們很困難，因為許多人不參與福利事業。Anyone who has questions please raise your hand.任何有問題的人請舉起手。I had asked everyone to raise questions in advance of the meeting.我要求大家在會議前提出問題。Can anybody think o

8、f a way to raise money?有人能想出籌款的辦法嗎？明辨異同rise/raiserise是不及物動詞，說明主語自身移向較高位置，常用于日、月、云、霧、煙、蒸汽、河水、溫度、物價以及人的職位等，無被動語態。raise是及物動詞，說明主語發出的動作是要作用于其他事物的，往往有使物體達到其應有的高度的含義。可用于被動語態。The moon has risen above the hills. 月亮已經從山上升起。Heavy rain raised the river stage.暴雨使河水水位升高。完成句子我們正在籌資建一個新病房。We are to build a new war

9、d.目前我們沒有提高稅收的計劃。We have no plans to at present.選詞填空(rise/raise)On Monday morning，we were watching the children the national flag，and we saw it slowly in the wind.【答案】raising moneyraise taxesraising；rising語 法 專 項 突 破精要點撥賓語補足語在英語中有些及物動詞，接了賓語意義仍不完整，還需要有一個其他的句子成分，來補充說明賓語的意義、狀態等，稱為賓語補足語，簡稱賓補。賓語補足語有以下幾種。1

10、由動詞不定式充當。多數是帶to的不定式，也有不帶to的不定式。要求帶to的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有tell，ask，invite，force，get，beg，allow，wish，want，like，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，advise，permit，order，warn，cause等。如：I would prefer you not to change your plan.我寧愿你不要改變計劃。They encouraged me to try again.他們鼓勵我再次嘗試。【注意】某些動詞如think，consider，believe，know，f

11、ind等后面作賓語補足語的不定式常用to be adj.的結構。如：We believed him to be stupid.我們認為他很笨。He didnt consider himself (to be) important.他并不認為自己重要。某些動詞如make，have，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等后作賓語補足語的不定式不帶to。如：He made us stay for tea.他讓我們留下來吃茶點。Let me introduce you to Miss Li.讓我介紹你和李小姐認識。Did you notice me leave/leaving

12、the house?你注意到我離開了(正在離開)那房子嗎？【注意】變為被動語態時，不定式符號to必須保留。如：People who wont work should be made to work.必須要不愿工作的人工作。The middleaged man was seen to enter the building.人們看見那中年男子走進大樓。2由ing形式或過去分詞充當。(1)當賓語補足語的動作由作賓語的名詞或代詞發出時，賓語補足語用ing形式。如：He could hear his heart beating fast.他可以聽見自己的心臟跳得很快。Do you smell somet

13、hing burning? 你聞到燒焦的氣味了嗎？(2)當賓語是賓語補足語發出的動作對象時，賓語補足語用過去分詞形式。如：Youd better have the desk painted.你最好請人把課桌漆一下。Ive never heard the song sung.我從未聽見那首歌被人唱過。3由名詞充當。某些動詞如 call，name，make，elect，think，find，consider，appoint后接名詞或代詞作其賓語，再接名詞作賓語補足語，補充說明賓語的身份。如：He made her secretary.他挑選她當秘書。Her parents died，leaving

14、 her an orphan.她父母雙亡，使她成了孤兒。They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country.他們把巴黎看作國家的大腦和心臟。4由形容詞充當。某些動詞如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名詞或代詞作賓語，再接形容詞作賓語補足語，補充說明賓語的狀態、特征等。有的已構成固定詞組。如：Do you like your tea weak or strong? 你喜歡把茶泡濃一點還是淡一點？You must keep the classroom clean.你應保持教室清潔。使用賓語補足語時需注意

15、以下幾個問題：1個別動詞后可能跟兩個名詞，但判斷它們是雙賓語還是復合賓語要看兩個名詞之間的關系。如果兩個名詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，則是復合賓語，否則即是雙賓語。2有些動詞后可以跟多種形式(如動詞不定式、現在分詞、或過去分詞等)作賓補，如：see，hear，feel，have，notice，watch，get等，其賓補的形式要根據其與賓語的主動、被動關系來確定。3不定式作賓補有帶to和不帶to兩種情況。這需要我們記住分別有哪些動詞可以如此使用。另外要注意其被動語態。應用落實.用所給動詞正確形式填空1When we saw the road (block)with snow, we decid

16、ed to spend the holiday at home.2Let those in need (understand)that we will go all out to help them.3I would rather you (stay) with us yesterday，but you left.4Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues (amuse) with her story.5They use computers to keep the traffic (run)smoothly

17、.6Dont leave the water (run)while you brush your teeth.7My father forbade me (swim)in the river.8The policeman observed the young fellow (enter)the bank with a shotgun and he followed him in.9She has a high fever and you had better have her (examine)by the doctor.10To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English (speak)as much as we can.【答案】1.blocked2.understand3.had stayed4.amused5.running6.running7.to swim8.entering9.examined10.spoken.翻譯句子1衛兵命令