1、提高英語閱讀技巧說課 分析題干能力訓練猜詞能力訓練教學內容1指讀 2譯讀3回讀 4. 查詞典5“壞毛病”（bad habits）: 教學過程中，發現學生在閱讀時常做些不利于閱讀的壞動作。比如晃頭、轉筆、聽音樂、咬指頭、趴在桌子上、揪頭發等等。 摒棄不良的閱讀習慣。 常見題型： 細節理解題2.主旨大意題3. 推理判斷題分析題干能力(一)細節理解題：細節理解題通常是根據文章中的具體信息（直接信息或間接信息）進行提問的。直接信息題可以在文章中直接找到答案，間接信息題則要我們在理解的基礎上將有關內容系統化才能找到。做此類題的方法一般是先用尋讀法找出與問題相關的詞語或句子，再對相關的部分進行細讀,找出正

2、確答案。分析題干能力細節類問題的出題范圍： 考查是非、例證、年代與數字、原因等。命題方式有以下幾種：1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? 2)The author mentions all of the following except . . . 3) Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage? 4) According to the passage, who (when

3、， where, why, how, etc. ) . 5) By taking exle from the author means分析題干能力Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when

4、she was only six years old， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years. However，it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the st

5、age, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station. “Its really a hard job for me. I wont enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in

6、Shanghai, Id love to make a deep impression on my TV audience, said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.Q： Which of the following is NOT true?A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to be

7、come Miss Asia.解析： A、C 和D都可在原文找到答案，而B項原文列的是： taken to Hong Kong可判斷不是moved to Hong Kong with her parents，因此選B。 （二）主旨大意題：分析題干能力1.主旨大意題的考查范圍：文章或段落大意（Main idea）、標題（Title） 、主題（Topic) 2.提問方式有以下幾種：1）The general/main idea of the passage is _ 2）The passage mainly tells us _3）What is the main topic of the pas

8、sage？ 4）What is the best title for the passage？3.解主旨大意題時，以下方法可供參考。1)認真閱讀文章的第一段或每段的第一個句子。2)抓住反復出現的中心詞，即主題詞。（作者往往有意識地反復論述文章的主題）。3)文章或段落的主題句常常會出現在一些標志性的提示后。例如：On the whole , in short, therefore I agree with the opinion thatGiven all these points above , I would support the idea that 4.歸納主題容易犯以下三種錯誤：以偏概

9、全。即只抓住了主題的一個側面就誤以為是主題。 過于籠統。即歸納的主題太泛，與細節脫節或是沒有對細節加以 充分論證。 把觀點強加給作者。讀者往往根據自己的常識對文章進行判斷而忽視了作者的見解。 分析題干能力 如何尋找主題句Sle 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at ever

10、y meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. （1）主題句在段首 一個主題句常常是一個段落的開頭，其后的句子則是論證性細節。在論說文，科技文獻和新聞報道中多采用這種格式。 分析題干能力Sle 2Som

11、e students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. （2）主題句也會出現在段尾。作者先擺出事實依據, 層層推理論證, 最后自然得出結論, 即段落

12、的主題。分析題干能力 Sle 3 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in h

13、and . A cer also needs one after the light of the cfire has been out.（3）在短文中間當主題句被安排在段中間時, 通常前面只提出問題,文中的主題由隨之陳述的細節或引申在文中導出, 而后又對主題進一步的解釋和發展.分析題干能力（三）推理判斷題1.推斷題的出題范圍： 對具體細節、作者態度、事態發展及詞義進行推斷。2.有關推理的試題常常包括以下類型： 1) It can be inferred from the text that _. 2) The story /author implies（suggests）_. 3) The

14、writers attitude toward.is _. 4) which of the following does the author agree with ？ 5)The paragraph following the passage will most probably be _. 6）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means _ 分析題干能力3.解推斷題應注意： (1)不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點； (2) 區分作者的態度和文中人物的態度； （3）推理的根據來自于上下文。 分析題干能力Exle 1 One day a man

15、 walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should l

16、eave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”Q： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _.A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlordC. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects解析：他要搬出所租的房子，而房東要求房屋必須是他租進來時的原樣，所以他須買些老鼠和蟑螂等昆蟲對房屋進行“恢復”，因此推出答案為D。 分

17、析題干能力Exle 2 Some people are never right. They never have good luck. They usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing. And even if what they say or do is OK，they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time. So these people always have problems. They often break dishes. They sometimes miss buse

18、s and airplanes. Mr. Neff is different. He is always right. He is never wrong. He usually has good luck. He seldom has problems. He never breaks dishes. He never misses buses or airplanes. Even if he does miss them，it is always the fault of the buses or air planes. Mr. Neff knows almost everything.

19、He doesnt ask questions；he answers questions. He never says，“I dont know.”Q： Which of the following best describes the writers attitude to Mr. Neff?A. He finds Mr. Neff hard to understand.B. He thinks Mr. Neff wonderful.C. He feels pity for Mr. Neff.D. He does not like Mr. Neff.解析：從作者的語氣中我們可以體會他的態度，

20、特別是Even if he does miss them，it is always the fault of the buses or the airplanes. 誤了車或飛機本該是人的失誤怎能歸咎于車或飛機呢？明顯是譏諷，也是暗示他對Mr. Neff的討厭之情。答案為D。 分析題干能力如何根據上下文判斷詞語的涵義這種題型常見的設題方式有： 1）The underlined word（phrase /sentence ）in the passage means _ 2）The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to _ 3）Which of

21、 the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？ 解這類題我們通常定位到劃線的詞、短語或句子的前后句，然后確定答案。 分析題干能力（一）根據常識、經驗猜生詞 例如： The old man put on his spectacles and began to read The door was so low that I hit the head on the lintel 猜詞能力（二）根據上下文解釋做出判斷：1根據文中的定義、解釋猜生詞 。例如： Skimming mea

22、ns looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully 2利用事例或解釋猜生詞 。例如： The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye 3利用重復解釋的信息猜生詞 。例如： Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late 4根據同位關系進行判斷： .，and other Germanic and Nordic

23、peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language 猜詞能力（三）利用標點符號和提示詞猜測詞義 One of the obstacles to false reading is vocalizingsaying the words to themselves in a low voice The early scientific study of chemistry，known as alchemy，grew up in Egypt in the first few centuri

24、es AD 猜詞能力（四）根據上下文的指代關系進行選擇文章中的代詞it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that還可以指一件事。有時代詞指代的對象相隔較遠，要認真查找。 例如（NMET2006，A篇）原題： What does the underlined word it（paragraph 2）refer to？ ADiscovering the moons inner space BUsing the earths inner space CMeeting the moon people“ again DTraveling to outer space 原文：However，the question that moon people asked is still an interesting oneA growing numbe