1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。rd廣西北海外沙島碧雅軒室內照明設計漢王PDF轉換RTF文檔廣西北海外沙島碧雅軒室內照明設計51romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, reg

2、ardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out la

3、w publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atm

4、osphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice wi

5、th mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as wellGrass-roots governance according to law

6、 is an important foundation for promoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding p

7、roblems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, gui

8、de the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone "unspoken rules", formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public

9、 security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnes

10、tly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well as dispute resolution mechanisms, implement fully the petitioners ' cases "third-party&quo

11、t; hearings and supervising system of letters and calls, and to resolve the involved law lawsuit into the orbit of rule of law, vexatious, Twining visit visit, disturbing social order and other malicious extortion, resolutely crack down. Five, improving cadres Vitale, provide strong protection for f

12、orest development XI General Secretary stressed that the comprehensive revitalization in Northeast China, needs a high quality, solid style, cadres of the dare to play. Cadre cadres is a pledge, should want to do work and able to do good, enthusiasm is paramount. Treat party cadres, it is necessary

13、to Strict management, and warm care, enable the broad masses of cadres work hard work, this is two parallel principles. In strict accordance with the standards of good cadres selection and appointment, the real officers, dare officers, those who want to play, good as excellent cadres at all levels o

14、f leadership in the past. At present, some leading cadres work initiative is not high, beyond political, idle, lazy governance governance, not as, slow, messy and a phenomenon still exist to varying degrees, affected and restricted economic and social development. We must mobilize the enthusiasm of

15、cadres as an urgent task, adhere to combination of incentives and constraints, and adhere to the strict management and warm care, practical solution "for the officers not to" problem, motivate cadres and better lead the masses to an undertaking, the cadres and create the new achievement in

16、 a dare to play, good at shows as new. To identify the problem, accurate pulseof law to visit and contribute to make visits to the vexatious visits arrogance. On these issues, we need to have a proper understanding, should take the lead to establish a sense of fear of the law, strengthen the applica

17、tion of the rule of law and the rule of law work of thinking and take up responsibility for the construction of the rule of law. Put learning first. Premise is ignorant of the law, abide by the law. Leading cadres at all levels should take the lead in studying the Constitution and laws and regulatio

18、ns closely related to work assumed by, an accurate grasp of the basic position of our party to address the issue of the rule of law, known for the scale to do things, figure out how to use it right, what things do, what not to do, it can never "legal literacy". To enhance the awareness of

19、the rule of law. Firmly establish the supremacy of constitutional law, legal equality before the, right by the law makes the right to statutory, as well as the rule of law, develop habits of rule of law, to discard the rule and cannot, must not get overridden by authority, at the right pressure. Sho

20、uld take the lead to abide by. Fulfil its mandate in strict accordance with statutory authority and procedures, no matter what you want to adhere to the law, thought of rule by law and the rule of law to tackle hot issues, effective statutory duty must be, without authorization, is not available. Su

21、ch as construction areas, some cadres are because there is no procedure is followed by the rules, paid a heavy price, we should learn from them, in strict accordance with the law on bidding and implementation . Promised to give preferential policies for enterprises, hesitant to cash or cash not at a

22、ll. Masses feel strongly about these issues, it is necessary to be solved. To accelerate decentralization. Specification list list list of powers, responsibilities and negative, clearance, revocation does not adapt to the current situation of the development of policy documents, especially the right

23、 to administrative examination and approval, the cancellation must be canceled, the delegation must be decentralized to achieve zero-wait, one-stop, seamless, improve administrative efficiency and service levels. In particular, the delegation of powers must be caught properly, never able to loft is

24、no answer, no one cares, cause backfire, people work harder. To carry out the campaign. Crack down on law enforcement regulations, uncivil and not as, as undermining economic development, such as environmental problems, pay close attention to the grass-roots level weaknesses, strictly investigate an

25、d deal with the grass-roots level corruption and denial of Justice against the interests of the masses, such as corruption and corruption, ruthless people around "flies", further optimization of the development environment. In particular, strengthening the construction of Government credit

26、, and trustworthy practice for companies and investors, and must not break faith with the people, promises and the promise to the society. To build a newof law to visit and contribute to make visits to the vexatious visits arrogance. On these issues, we need to have a proper understanding, should ta

27、ke the lead to establish a sense of fear of the law, strengthen the application of the rule of law and the rule of law work of thinking and take up responsibility for the construction of the rule of law. Put learning first. Premise is ignorant of the law, abide by the law. Leading cadres at all leve

28、ls should take the lead in studying the Constitution and laws and regulations closely related to work assumed by, an accurate grasp of the basic position of our party to address the issue of the rule of law, known for the scale to do things, figure out how to use it right, what things do, what not t

29、o do, it can never "legal literacy". To enhance the awareness of the rule of law. Firmly establish the supremacy of constitutional law, legal equality before the, right by the law makes the right to statutory, as well as the rule of law, develop habits of rule of law, to discard the rule a

30、nd cannot, must not get overridden by authority, at the right pressure. Should take the lead to abide by. Fulfil its mandate in strict accordance with statutory authority and procedures, no matter what you want to adhere to the law, thought of rule by law and the rule of law to tackle hot issues, ef

31、fective statutory duty must be, without authorization, is not available. Such as construction areas, some cadres are because there is no procedure is followed by the rules, paid a heavy price, we should learn from them, in strict accordance with the law on bidding and implementation . Promised to gi

32、ve preferential policies for enterprises, hesitant to cash or cash not at all. Masses feel strongly about these issues, it is necessary to be solved. To accelerate decentralization. Specification list list list of powers, responsibilities and negative, clearance, revocation does not adapt to the cur

33、rent situation of the development of policy documents, especially the right to administrative examination and approval, the cancellation must be canceled, the delegation must be decentralized to achieve zero-wait, one-stop, seamless, improve administrative efficiency and service levels. In particula

34、r, the delegation of powers must be caught properly, never able to loft is no answer, no one cares, cause backfire, people work harder. To carry out the campaign. Crack down on law enforcement regulations, uncivil and not as, as undermining economic development, such as environmental problems, pay c

35、lose attention to the grass-roots level weaknesses, strictly investigate and deal with the grass-roots level corruption and denial of Justice against the interests of the masses, such as corruption and corruption, ruthless people around "flies", further optimization of the development envi

36、ronment. In particular, strengthening the construction of Government credit, and trustworthy practice for companies and investors, and must not break faith with the people, promises and the promise to the society. To build a new四川長虹照明技術有限公司二0一一年十二月一、序言二、公司簡介目 錄三、室內照明設計規范四、室內照明設計原則五、室內照明方式六、室內照明布局形式七

37、、室內不同區域的照明設計八、燈具選型九、光源選擇十、節能測算十一、廣西北海外沙島碧雅軒室內照明設計案例序 言在現代社會中，人們離不開各種室內環境，提高室內空間環境的技術性與藝術性，是衡量現代生活質量的重要標志。光環境對人的生理和心理會產生極其深遠的影響，它是影響人類行為的最直接因素。居住建筑是人們重要的生活環境，居住建筑照明直接關系到人們的日常生活，它與人們的年齡、心理要求有關，要有令人舒適的照明，形式從技術已上升為了藝術 公司簡介四川長虹照明科技有限公司成立于2011年5月27日，注冊資本2000萬元，由四川長虹電器股份有限公司出資90%、四川長虹創新投資有限公司出資10%共同組建，注冊地為

38、綿陽市經濟技術開發區。公司為四川長虹電器股份有限公司直屬子公司，專業從事LED照明的技術研究、產品開發、生產制造、市場營銷。 公司堅持以技術創新推動公司持續發展的基本理念，重點投資建設公司的技術研發能力，現有各類工程技術人員100余人，照明研發手段完備。公司還依托長虹國家級技術中心展開照明技術及智能技術的研發與創新。同時，公司與通用照明（GE）、美國科銳（CREE）、四川大學等知名企事及高校建立了廣泛深入的合作。秉承長虹集團的軍工質量管理理念和先進的質量管理體系，公司建立了針對照明產業特點的完善的質量控制體系和質量控制手段，以保證公司產品質量能有效滿足用戶及社會的需求。 公司產品包括：LED系

39、列路燈、LED系列隧道燈、LED商業及室內照明系列等產品，同時可為用戶提供照明整體解決方案和智能控制系統整體解決方案。公司產品可全面替代現存的各種光源及燈具，并實現高達50%90%的節能效果。 公司秉承“誠信做人，用心做事，創造價值，分享成果”的核心價值觀，積極推進能源合同管理(EMC)等新的商業模式，更期待與有志致力社會節能環保推進的社會各界人士進行緊密合作，共同推動節能減排事業的發展；與支持環保、熱愛地球的人們一起創造低碳、環保、節能的生活環境。室內照明設計規范【照明的標準】國標建筑照明設計規范GB50034-2004 ，居住建筑照明做了相關的規定，視覺舒適性的考慮、眩光控制、光的顏色及顯

40、色性選擇、照度確定、日光利用率、燈具選擇、光源選擇。我們做的照明設計，都是在滿足這個基本前提下，靈活變化和延伸。比如暗藏燈帶，筒燈，燈盤的直接照明型燈具，都是在圍繞著照度為基礎上變化著其安裝方式。 室內照明設計原則1、實用性 室內照明應滿足工作、學習和生活的需要，全面考慮光源、光質，投光方向和角度的選擇，使室內活動的功能、使用性質、空間造型、色彩陳設等與其相協調，以取得整體環境效果。2、安全性 一般情況下，線路、開關、燈具的設置都需有可靠的安全措施，諸如分電盤和分線路一定要有專人管理，電路和配電方式要符合安全標準，不允許超載，在危險地方要設置明顯標志，以防止露電，短路等火災和傷亡事故發生。 3

41、、經濟性 照明設計的經濟性有兩個方面的意義，一是采用先進技術，充分發揮照明設施的實際效果，盡可能以較少的投入獲得較大的照明效果；二是在確定照明設計時要符合我國當前在電力供應，設備和材料方面的生產水平。 4、藝術性 照明裝置尚具有裝飾房間，美化環境的作用。所以室內照明設計時應正確選擇照明方式、光源種類、燈具造型及體量，同時處理好顏色、光的投射角度，以取得改善空間感，增強環境的藝術效果。 室內照明方式【直接照明】 光線通過燈具射出，其中 90%100%的光通量到達假定的工作面上，這種照明方式為直接照明。具有強烈的明暗對比，并能造成有趣生動的光影效果，可突出工作面在整個環境中的主導地位，但是由于亮度

42、較高，應防止眩光的產生。【半直接照明】 半直接照明方式是半透明材料制成的燈罩罩住燈泡上部， 60%90%以上的光線使之集中射向工作面，10%40%被罩光線又經半透明燈罩擴散而向上漫射，其光線比較柔和。這種燈具常用于較低的房間的一般照明。由于漫射光線能照亮平頂，使房間頂部高度增加，因而能產生較高的空間感。 【間接照明】 間接照明方式是將光源遮蔽而產生的間接光的照明方式，其中90%100%的光通量通過天棚或墻面反射作用于工作面，10%以下的光線則直接照射工作面。通常有兩種處理方法，一是將不透明的燈罩裝在燈泡的下部，光線射向平頂或其他物體上反射成間接光線；一種是把燈泡設在燈槽內，光線從平頂反射到室內

43、成間接光線。這種照明方式單獨使用時，需注意不透明燈罩下部的濃重陰影。通常和其他照明方式配合使用，才能取得特殊的藝術效果。 【半間接照明】 半間接照明方式，恰和半直接照明相反，把半透明的燈罩裝在燈泡下部， 60%以上的光線射向平頂，形成間接光源，10%40%部分光線經燈罩向下擴散。這種方式能產生比較特殊的照明效果，使較低矮的房間有增高的感覺。也適用于住宅中的小空間部分，如門廳、過道等，通常在學習的環境中采用這種照明方式，最為相宜。【漫射照明】 漫射照明方式，是利用燈具的折射功能來控制眩光，將光線向四周擴散漫散。這種照明大體上有兩種形式，一種是光線從燈罩上口射出經平頂反射，兩側從半透明燈罩擴散，下

44、部從格柵擴散。另一種是用半透明燈罩把光線全部封閉而產生漫射。這類照明光線性能柔和，視覺舒適，適于臥室。室內照明布局形式【基礎照明】 所謂基礎照明是指大空間內全面的、基本的照明，重點在于能與重點照明的亮度有適當的比例，給室內形成一種格調，基礎照明是最基本的照明方式。【重點照明】 重點照明是指對主要場所和對象進行的重點投光。如商店商品陳設架或櫥窗的照明，目在在于增強顧客對商品的吸引和注意力，其亮度是根據商品種類、形狀、大小以及展覽方式等確定的。一般使用強光來加強商品表面的光澤，強調商品形象。【裝飾照明】 為了對室內進行裝飾，增加空間層次，營造環境氣氛，常用裝飾照明，一般使用裝飾吊燈、壁燈、掛燈等圖

45、案形式統一的系列燈具。更好地表現具有強烈個性的空間藝術。值得注意的是裝飾照明只能是以裝飾為目的獨立照明，不兼作基本照明或重點照明。 室內不同區域的照明設計在構成室內環境的諸因素中，燈光是一種能夠為人們敏銳地感覺到的因素。它既能形成寧靜舒適的氣氛，又能烘托歡樂、熱烈的場面；能產生莊重肅穆的效果，也能制造豪華富麗的氣氛。現代室內裝飾照明方式為整體照明、局部照明和混合照明。照明類型依據散光方式可分為直接照明、半直接照明、間接照明、半間接照明和漫射照明。整體照明是一種均勻照明，將燈具均勻布置在天棚上，使整個空間光線明亮，照度比較均勻。局部照明是采用集中有效的照明，把光線集中投向某一局部，使局部產生動態

46、感。在現代室內裝飾照明藝術設計中廣泛采用的是混合照明方式，把整體照明與局部照明有機結合起來，在整體照明的基礎上加強局部照明，使室內環境產生千變萬化、生動活潑的效果。設計時根據不同的環境用途和建筑風格，采用不同的照明方式、光源及燈具類型，通過運用不同的光源、光色、照度等變化，來制造氣氛和竟境，達到調節和改善空間效果的作用。 如門廳、客廳可采用LED球泡燈作為光源，采用各種吊燈，各式各樣的水晶體掛在燈泡周圍，燈光經過透明體的多次反射，光線變得柔和且無眩光，再配以大面積的暖色點光源照明，會顯得熱烈而華麗；在臥室中的照明設計中，采用混合照明方式，整體照明采用暖色調光源配置乳白色燈罩的間接照明，局部照明

47、選用和家具基調和室內環境相協調的燈具。可選用臺燈、落地燈、床頭燈、壁燈，不僅可以增加室內光線的層次感，而且使房間顯得更加溫文爾雅，使人感到最大的輕松感。大型建筑中的照明，一般頂棚采用大面積和漫射型照明，不僅可以組成各種幾何圖案及多種藝術造型，而且能有效的克服眩光和二次反射眩光，整個空間照度分布均勻，光線柔和，可以達到照明與美化環境融為一體的目的。在大空間頂棚的房間及場所，采用點光源深照型燈具，好似深暗的天幕上出現了星星點點燦爛的群星，給人以簡潔淡雅，氣氛寧靜的感覺。【玄關】玄關是一個居室的門面，給人的第一印象很重要，同時它又是起居室、臥室、廚房等處的過渡空間，所以，門廳處的照明設計應大方、莊重

48、。常用的燈具有吸頂燈和造型較為簡潔的頂燈，不宜使用太豪華的燈具，這樣可使門廳處顯得空間較高而且安靜。對于小門廳可使用造型別致的壁燈，在保證照度的同時，使周圍環境顯得雅致，富有層次。【起居室】起居室功能較為復雜，它既是家庭人員的活動中心，又是接待客人的交際場所，照明環境應該較為明朗、高雅、熱烈，以體現出主人的熱情、坦率。在照明設計中可采用整體用日光燈、局部(如桌子、茶幾等部位)用壁燈或落地燈的組合照明方式，在大的起居室中規劃出一個小的談話空間，來縮短主客之間的距離，使人與人之間的交流更為融洽。主光源如果是裸露的光源，易產生眩光，這時可采用間接照明的方式，將其轉投至天花板或墻面再反射，或者用乳白色

49、透明的玻璃燈罩進行照明，得到的光線就較為明朗、平和，既無眩光，又顯得高雅。而作為局部照明中常用的落地燈，由于其高度較矮，對外觀的選擇要能適合所用家具的色彩和造型。如竹、木制的家具適合選用竹的或帶雕飾的燈桿；而金屬拋光的燈桿配合豪華的真皮沙發，則會突出客廳的現代感。單色素雅的沙發之間，如果搭配燈罩上有山水、花鳥圖案的、較為絢麗的落地燈，則會顯得靜中有動，富于變化；而在艷麗的花面沙發間應配合燈罩色彩造型較為簡潔的落地燈，會顯得較為穩定，不雜亂。【臥室】臥室作為人們休息、睡眠的場所，具有一定的隱秘性，這時的照明設計應柔和、溫馨，方便休息和睡眠。可在天花板上安裝有二次反射的吸頂燈，以防止眩光的發生，同

50、時使臥室充滿恬靜和溫馨。對于睡前有閱讀習慣的人，可設置床頭燈或壁燈來配合局部照明。壁燈的光線較為柔和，臥室中如果選用一些造型精巧、別致的壁燈，在具有實用價值的同時，還具有很強的裝飾性。使用較多的床頭燈是臺燈，它不僅是照明器，也是極好的裝飾品。造燈，會帶給人以現代的氣息，而古色古香的臺燈又會反映出主人，光照強度較好，又不影響他人的休息，而深受人們喜愛。【書房】書房是人們工作和學習的場所，光照應安靜、平和，還必須有足夠的亮度，在需要重點照明的部位，如書桌面上，可使用長的吊燈來加以強調。為了避免產生眩光，可使用帶罩的臺燈，再用吸頂燈來提高整體的照度。在書櫥部位為方便尋找書籍，可設小型的射燈，使光色均勻，柔和。在掛面等裝飾處，可用亮度不大的射燈或壁燈加以突出，以強調裝飾品的美感。【餐廳】餐廳是人們進餐的場所，照明設計應熱烈、明快，以突出濃厚的生活氣息，如果使用暖色(如紅橙色)的懸掛式吊燈，再使光線照射在餐桌范圍內，可以在劃定進餐區域的同時，增強食物的美感，提高進餐者的食欲。對于天花板沒有造型的餐廳，也可使用較為集中的嵌入式燈具，形成明亮的空間環境，達到突出進餐氣氛的目的。在構成室內環境的種種因素中，光的運用非常重要，它能夠擴大或縮小空間感，既能形成幽靜舒