1、重難點 01 閱讀理解之應(yīng)用文【命題趨勢】應(yīng)用文一般分為兩類：一類是敘述性應(yīng)用文，例如書信、日記等，近兩年高考試題較少涉及；另一類是說明性應(yīng)用文，包括各種廣告、產(chǎn)品說明、旅游指南、報刊書信、公共通告和備忘錄等；而近兩年高考試題中的閱讀理解均側(cè)重考查后一類。【滿分技巧】高考應(yīng)用文閱讀理解設(shè)題以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，因此，閱讀這類文章時，應(yīng)該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，主要注意細(xì)節(jié)信息。細(xì)節(jié)題的題干都是相應(yīng)原文的變形（如同義改寫、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等） ，因此要找到答案一定要找到題干在原文中的出處，再把原文和選項相比較。做題時，根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀、跳讀的方法可達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。同時，在閱讀時也要特別注意文中以粗

2、體、大寫、下劃線等方式加以提示的文字，因為這很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分內(nèi)容的概括。具體答題策略如下：1. 先題后文先讀試題，了解試題考點；明確目的，快速捕捉，獲取信息。2. 題干定向根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞到文中定位答案范圍，按照題目順序依次而下：問題與材料相同-對號入座；問題與原文相同-同義替換、歸納事實等。3. 生詞模糊遇到生詞；如與答題無關(guān)，直接跳過；涉及答題，則根據(jù)語境、構(gòu)詞法等猜詞。4. 信息補全對于影響理解的省略句，可根據(jù)語境，將其補全。總之，應(yīng)用文類型的閱讀文章一般說來比較易理解，文章類型以廣告形式居多，設(shè)問根據(jù)文章的段落秩序，多以細(xì)節(jié)事實理解為主，答案的尋找可以根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵字順藤

3、摸瓜，輔以適當(dāng)?shù)耐评砼袛唷Ａ私饬藨?yīng)用文的措辭和內(nèi)容特點，我們在實踐中總結(jié)出解答應(yīng)用文試題的關(guān)鍵是：抓信息。提示：應(yīng)用文閱讀題做完后，不可輕易改答案，要相信第一感覺。因為第一次解題時思路最清晰，假如沒十分把握，以不改為好，防止弄巧成拙。【熱點話題】應(yīng)用文熱衷話題有：就業(yè)、旅游、電影、書籍等海報。【限時檢測】 （建議用時： 30 分鐘）（2019 ?全國卷 I, A）話題：就業(yè)，暑期工作難度：建議用時：5分Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help stu

4、dents find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenage

5、r living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合條件 ）for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 1518 years old in select communities（社區(qū)）.Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and

6、 awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 1529, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summe

7、r.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities（ 機會）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its

8、related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.1. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new busine

9、sses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.2. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15 18.B. 15 24.C. 1529.D. 16 17.3. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth R

10、anger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.【文章大意】本文為應(yīng)用文。省政府及其合作伙伴提供了許多項目來幫助學(xué)生暑期在找到工作，本文介紹了其中一些項目。1. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Summer Company 部分中的 Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. 可知, Summer Company為學(xué)生提

11、供實踐性的商業(yè)培訓(xùn)和高達(dá)3000美元的獎勵，以啟動和經(jīng)營他們自己的暑期業(yè)務(wù)。“start and run their own summer businesses 即 為開辦新的業(yè)務(wù) ”，這對應(yīng) B 項中的 "runn new businesses 二者是詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系。故選B。2. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 部分中 Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this

12、year. 可知，符合條件的學(xué)生是 16 歲或 17歲的 學(xué)生，但在今年12月31日之前未滿18歲。由此得出，這個項目要求年齡在16-17歲之間。故選 Do3. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Summer Employment Opportunities 部分中最后一句 Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 可知， Summer Employment Opportunities 有些職位是給殘疾人的。故選DoB（2019 ?江蘇卷，A）話題：旅游難度：建議

13、用時：5分Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly memorable.High energyExploreIf you desire physical activities, you canchoose activities from swimming to horse riding.Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journeybeneath the earth at Poole '

14、 Cavern. And don' florget: weare surrounded by a natural playground just perfect forwalking, caving, climbing and cycling.High mindedtheheights with GoBuxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and youll find much to suit all tastes withart, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton O

15、pera House & Pavilion Arts Centre andGreen Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to becomeinvolved, including workshops and events.Keeping the kids happyChildren love the small train and playgrounds in thePavilion Gardens and there's orerttyexplore atthe Buxt

16、on Museum. There as new indoor playcentre, plus the special events and workshops, andothers during school holiday periods4. If you want to take an underground journey, which place is the best choice?A. Pole ' s Caven.B. Pavilion Gardens.C. Buxton Museum.D. Green Man Gallery.5. Buxton Open House

17、& Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers.A. rides in small trainsB. courses in modern artsC. artistic and cultural activitiesD. basic courses in horse riding【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了去布克斯頓旅游可以去的一些景點的相關(guān)信息。4. A【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù) High energy 中的 or journey beneath the earth at Poole可知s Cfeveroole的Ca

18、vern,可以在地下旅行，也就是乘坐地鐵旅彳T。所以如果你想乘地鐵旅行，Poole' s Cavern你最好的選擇。故A項正確。5. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) High minded 中的 Buxton is justifiably proud of it s cultural life and youll find muchto suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion ArtsCentre and Green Man Gal

19、lery.可知，Buxton 以其豐富的文化生活而自豪，在 Buxton Opera House&PavilionArts Center and Green Man Gallery ,您將發(fā)現(xiàn)許多適合各種品味的藝術(shù)、音樂、歌劇和表演藝術(shù)。所以Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center特別是因為它提供藝術(shù)和文化活動。故C選項正確。(2019 ?全國卷 III , A)話題：話劇開幕和新劇首映難度：建議用時：5分OPENINGS AND PREVIEWSAnimals Out of PaperYolo ! Productions and the

20、Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami( 折名氏術(shù))artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)The AudienceHelen Mirren stars in the play by Peter M

21、organ, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musica

22、l about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public , 425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)On the Twentieth CenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Gr

23、een, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star' s lovecojuiinwarcrosourney. Scott Ellis directs, forRoundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.) 6. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?A. A type of art.B. A t

24、eenager ' s studio.C. A great teacher.D. A group of animals.7. Who is the director of The Audience?A. Helen Mirren.B. Peter Morgan.C. Dylan Baker.D. Stephen Daldry.8. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?A. Animals Out of Paper.B. The Audience.C. Hamilton.D. On the

25、 Twentieth Century.【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四場演出的主要內(nèi)容，導(dǎo)演，時間，地點等信息。6. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇 Animals Out of Paper 中的 Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami（折名氏術(shù)）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. 可 知，Rajiv Joseph創(chuàng)作的的話劇是關(guān)于折紙的一種藝術(shù)。故選 A。7.

26、D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本劇是 Stephen Daldry導(dǎo)演的。故選Do8. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)音樂劇Hamilton 的 Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about AlexanderHamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. 可知，該居U的主題是美國的誕生， 由此可知，如果你對美國歷史感興趣，你可以看這部音樂劇。故選 CoD（2019 ?全國卷

27、II, A）話題：書籍難度：建議用時：4分My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series( 系歹U) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl s writing and it gave me a new appreciati

28、on for his strange and delightful words. Matilda ' battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres, Miss Trunchbull, are equally fumy and frightening, but they ' re also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt ' s about two sisteEsi, a model who either won ' t or can '

29、; t st(an(sleeprin a young student. In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse " night people " who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlThere was a bit of me that didnGillian Fynnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but th

30、e horror story isbrilliant. Th ere ' s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It and the fru stration when you realise what' s going on is horribly enjoyableThe StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around

31、. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out99.4% of the world ' s population, a battle unfowedaegood and evil among those let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.B. Gillian Flynn.D. Roald DahlB. Matilda .D. The Stand.B. A biography.D. A horror story.烏斯瑪?shù)淖钕矏鄣乃谋静煌}材的文學(xué)讀物。9. Who does

32、 "I" refer to in the text?A. Stephen King.C. Jo Usmar.10. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A. Cosmopolitan.C. After Dark .11. What kind of book is G one Girl ?)A. A folk tale.C. A love story.【文章大意】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章通過介紹喬9. D【解析】 詞義猜測題。“出現(xiàn)的語句為："I once wrote a paper on the influ

33、ence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl'swriting and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. 文句表達(dá)了 " IRoald Dahl 評價。且開頭第一段的最后一句意為：在這里，她（J。Usmar）選了自己最喜歡的讀物。由此可知，此處的“I為：Jo Usmar.故選D項。10. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。把 "Mari and Eri作為定位詞，可以找到天黑之后(After Dark)故選B項。11. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。"G

34、one Gir的定位詞，找到文句 There was a bit of me that didn't want to love thiswhen everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant , 故選 A 項。E（天津市耀華中學(xué) 2020屆高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)測試）話題：夏令營難度：建議用時：5分Kinder CampThis is a week-long camp, Monday through Friday, for children from three years old to those ente

35、ring first grade in the fall. Early childhood educators guide your child through activities including songs, games, stories andwalks in the woods. Daily themes include dirt, furry animals, insects and more! Parents sign up to bring a snack( 小 吃 ). Choose from either morning or afternoon sessions, fr

36、om June 9 to July 1& 2019.Kids CampChildren explore all day in the natural world. Art, music, cooperative games and hikes through the woods are some of the activities in this fun-filled week. Each grade level has its own camp program especially designed with the campers5 interests in mind.Camp t

37、akes place Monday through Friday, 9 am to 3 pm.Level 1 (completed 1st grade): July 28 to August 1, 2019.Level 2 (completed 2nd grade): August 4 to & 2019.Level 3 (completed 3rd grade): August 11 to 15, 2019.Please note: children must bring their own lunches.Outdoor ExpeditionsSend your child on

38、a traveling adventure. Teenagers will investigate the natural, cultural and historical facts that make their hometown a great city. Activities will include unique field trips and tours.Outdoor Expedition: from 9 am to 3 pm, August 11 to 15, 2019.Please note: children must bring their own lunches.Rai

39、nbow CampCampers enjoy all kinds of activities including arts and crafts, music and singing, drama, active games, cooking and a host of special events that go with our theme weeks! Special guests are invited to the camp every week to entertain our campers and may include storytellers, musicians and

40、magicians.Week-long camps, June 14 to July 18.Campers must be at least 4 years old to take part.For more information, call Frick Environmental Center at (412) 422 6538.12. According to the passage, we can infer that Kinder Camp is probably organized to .A. help children learn about nature while play

41、ingB. get children prepared for primary schoolC. offer parents a chance to play with their childrenD. develop children s language skillsA. Kinder Camp.13. Campers in which of the following camps have the chance to meet special guests?B. Outdoor Expeditions.C. Rainbow Camp.D. Kids Camp.14. Jack, aged

42、 13, interested in nature and is free in August, would probably take .A. Rainbow CampB. Kids CampC. Kinder CampD. Outdoor Expeditions15. Of the four camps, the common thing is that .A. they are all whole-day camps for childrenB. they all last five days for each groupC. they all require campers to br

43、ing their own lunchesD. they are all for children over five years old16. What is the purpose of writing this article?A. To show the importance of attending camps.B. To tell us how to have fun during vacations.C. To introduce how to play with children.D. To give us some information about camps.【文章大意】

44、本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了幾個夏令營。12. A【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一小節(jié) "Early childhood educators guide your child through activities including songs, games, stories and walks in the woods. Daily themes include dirt, furry animals, insects and more! 可 推推出， Kinder Camp 的目的是幫助孩子在玩耍的同時了解大自然。故選 A 項。13. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四小節(jié)中"S

45、pecial guests are invited to the camp every week to entertain ourcampers and may include storytel lers, musicians and magicians. 每周都會邀請?zhí)貏e的客人來營地招待我 ” 們的露營者，其中可能包括講故事的人、音樂家和魔術(shù)師。故選 C項。14. D【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一小節(jié)中的“eenagers will investigate the natural, cultural and historical factsthat make their hometown a

46、 great city. 及 “ Outdo” or Expedition: from 9 am to 3 pm, August 11 to 15,2019. Jack是個13歲的少年，喜歡大自然，八月有時間符合要求。故選 D項。15. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一組："This is a weeong camp, Mon day through Friday,第二組：“Camp takes place Monday through Friday, 9 am to 3 pm. 。第三組： ”“ Outdoor Expedition: from 9 am to 3 pm, August

47、11 to15,2019. 。第四組” : “ Wee-lkong camps, June 14 to July 18. ，可知其大概都持續(xù)五天。故選 ”B 項。16. D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章意思可知，這是一篇介紹營地的文章，應(yīng)該會發(fā)表在雜志或者廣告上， 他的主要目的是“ To give us some information about camps. 即提供一些野營的信息。故選 ”D 項。F（廣東省深圳市高級中學(xué) 2020屆高三上學(xué)期）話題：國外求學(xué)居住方式難度：建議用時：6分Choosing where to live may be one of the biggest decis

48、ions you' ll make when you move to Sydney, but youhave plenty of help.Temporary arrival accommodationBefore you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer-term .au/accommodation/short-termOn-campus-resi

49、dential colleges （fully catered 飲食全包的）The University has eight residential colleges on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus, including International House, a residential community of global scholars. Colleges provide comfortable, fully furnished single rooms and daily meals, along with sporting, cultura

50、l, leadership and social programs. They also include on-site tutorials（ 輔導(dǎo) 課）in addition to campus-based .au/collegesOn-campus residences （self-catered 飲食自 理的 ）The University has two self-run residences Queen Mary Building （QMB） and Abercrombie Student Accommodation on the Camperdo

51、wn/Darlington Campus. Both just under a year old, they house up to 1000 students. These residences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop .au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.htmlOff-campus l