1、振動方面的專業英語及詞匯振動方面的專業英語及詞匯參見工程振動名詞術語1振動信號的時域、頻域描述振動過程(VibrationProcess)簡諧振動(HarmonicVibration)周期振動(PeriodicVibration)準周期振動(Ouasi-periodicVibration)瞬態過程(TransientProcess)隨機振動過程(RandomVibrationProcess)各態歷經過程(ErgodicProcess)確定性過程(DeterministicProcess)振幅(Amplitude)相位(Phase)初相位(InitialPhase)頻率(Frequency)角頻

2、率(AngularFrequency)周期(Period)復數振動(ComplexVibration)復數振幅(ComplexAmplitude)峰值(Peak-value)平均絕對值(AverageAbsoluteValue)有效值(EffectiveValue,RMSValue)土勻值(MeanValue,AverageValue)傅里葉級數(FS,FourierSeries)傅里葉變換(FT,FourierTransform)傅里葉逆變換(IFT,InverseFourierTransform)離散譜(DiscreteSpectrum)連續譜(ContinuousSpectrum)傅里葉

3、譜(FourierSpectrum)線性譜(LinearSpectrum)幅值譜(AmplitudeSpectrum)相位譜(PhaseSpectrum)土勻方值(MeanSquareValue)方差(Variance)協方差(Covariance)自協方差函數(Auto-covarianceFunction)互協方差函數(Cross-covarianceFunction)自相關函數(Auto-correlationFunction)互相關函數(Cross-correlationFunction)標準偏差(StandardDeviation)相對標準偏差(RelativeStandardDev

4、iation)概率(Probability)概率分布(ProbabilityDistribution)高斯概率分布(GaussianProbabilityDistribution)概率密度(ProbabilityDensity)集合平均(EnsembleAverage)時間平均(TimeAverage)功率譜密度(PSD,PowerSpectrumDensity)自功率譜密度(Auto-spectralDensity)互功率譜密度(Cross-spectralDensity)均方根譜密度(RMSSpectralDensity)能量譜密度(ESD,EnergySpectrumDensity)相干

5、函數(CoherenceFunction)帕斯瓦爾定理(ParsevalsTheorem)維納，辛欽公式(Wiener-KhinchinFormula2振動系統的固有特性、激勵與響應振動系統(VibrationSystem)激勵(Excitation)響應(Response)單自由度系統(SingleDegree-Of-FreedomSystem)多自由度系統(Multi-Degree-Of-FreedomSystem)離散化系統(DiscreteSystem)連續體系統(ContinuousSystem)剛度系數(StiffnessCoefficient)自由振動(FreeVibration

6、)自由響應(FreeResponse)強迫振動(ForcedVibration)強迫響應(ForcedResponse)初始條件(InitialCondition)固有頻率(NaturalFrequency)阻尼比(DampingRatio)衰減指數(DampingExponent)阻尼固有頻率(DampedNaturalFrequency)對數減幅系數(LogarithmicDecrement)主頻率(PrincipalFrequency)無阻尼模態頻率(UndampedModalFrequency)模態(Mode)主振動(PrincipalVibration)振型(ModeShape)振型

7、矢量(VectorOfModeShape)模態矢量(ModalVector)正交性(Orthogonality)展開定理(ExpansionTheorem)主質量(PrincipalMass)模態質量(ModalMass)主剛度(PrincipalStiffness)模態剛度(ModalStiffness)正則化(Normalization)振型矩陣(MatrixOfModalShape)模態矩陣(ModalMatrix)主坐標(PrincipalCoordinates)模態坐標(ModalCoordinates)模態分析(ModalAnalysis)模態阻尼比(ModalDampingRat

8、io)頻響函數(FrequencyResponseFunction)幅頻特性(Amplitude-frequencyCharacteristics)相頻特性(PhasefrequencyCharacteristics)共振(Resonance)半功率點(HalfpowerPoints)波德圖(BodePlot)動力放大系數(DynamicalMagnificationFactor)單位脈沖(UnitImpulse)沖激響應函數(ImpulseResponseFunction)杜哈美積分(DuhamelsIntegral)卷積積分(ConvolutionIntegral)卷積定理(Convolu

9、tionTheorem)特征矩陣(CharacteristicMatrix)阻抗矩陣(ImpedanceMatrix)頻響函數矩陣(MatrixOfFrequencyResponseFunction)導納矩陣(MobilityMatrix)沖擊響應譜(ShockResponseSpectrum)沖擊激勵(ShockExcitation)沖擊響應(ShockResponse)沖擊初始響應譜(InitialShockResponseSpectrum)沖擊剩余響應譜(ResidualShockResponseSpectrum)沖擊最大響應譜(MaximumShockResponseSpectrum)

10、沖擊響應譜分析(ShockResponseSpectrumAnalysis3模態試驗分析模態試驗(ModalTesting)機械阻抗(MechanicalImpedance)位移阻抗(DisplacementImpedance)速度阻抗(VelocityImpedance)加速度阻抗(AccelerationImpedance)機械導納(MechanicalMobility)位移導納(DisplacementMobility)速度導納(VelocityMobility)加速度導納(AccelerationMobility)驅動點導納(DrivingPointMobility)跨點導納(Cros

11、sMobility)傳遞函數(TransferFunction)拉普拉斯變換(LaplaceTransform)傳遞函數矩陣(MatrixOfTransferFunction)頻響函數(FRF,FrequencyResponseFunction)頻響函數矩陣(MatrixOfFRF)實模態(NormalMode)復模態(ComplexMode)模態參數(ModalParameter)模態頻率(ModalFrequency)模態阻尼比(ModalDampingRatio)模態振型(ModalShape)模態質量(ModalMass)模態剛度(ModalStiffness)模態阻力系數(Modal

12、DampingCoefficient)模態阻抗(ModalImpedance)模態導納(ModalMobility)模態損耗因子(ModalLossFactor)比例粘性阻尼(ProportionalViscousDamping)非比例粘性阻尼(Non-proportionalViscousDamping)結構阻尼(StructuralDamping,HystereticDamping)復頻率(ComplexFrequency)復振型(ComplexModalShape)留數(Residue)極點(Pole)零點(Zero)復留數(ComplexResidue)隨機激勵(RandomExcit

13、ation)偽隨機激勵(PseudoRandomExcitation)猝發隨機激勵(BurstRandomExcitation)穩態正弦激勵(SteadyStateSineExcitation)正弦掃描激勵(SweepingSineExcitation)錘擊激勵(ImpactExcitation)頻響函數的H1估計(FRFEstimatebyH1)頻響函數的H2估計(FRFEstimatebyH2)頻響函數的H3估計(FRFEstimatebyH3)單模態曲線擬合法(Single-modeCurveFittingMethod)多模態曲線擬合法(Multi-modeCurveFittingMet

14、hod)模態圓(ModeCircle)剩余模態(ResidualMode)幅頻峰值法(PeakValueMethod)實頻-虛頻峰值法(PeakReal/ImaginaryMethod)圓擬合法(CircleFittingMethod)力口權最小二乘擬合法(WeightingLeastSquaresFittingmethod)復指數擬合法(ComplexExponentialFittingmethod)1.2振動測試的名詞術語1傳感器測量系統傳感器測量系統(TransducerMeasuringSystem)傳感器(Transducer)振動傳感器(VibrationTransducer)機械

15、接收(MechanicalReception)機電變換(Electro-mechanicalConversion)測量電路(MeasuringCircuit)慣性式傳感器(InertialTransducer,SeismicTransducer)相對式傳感器(RelativeTransducer)電感式傳感器(InductiveTransducer)應變式傳感器(StrainGaugeTransducer)電動力傳感器(Electro-dynamicTransducer)壓電式傳感器(PiezoelectricTransducer)壓阻式傳感器(PiezoresistiveTransducer

16、)電渦流式傳感器(EddyCurrentTransducer)伺服式傳感器(ServoTransducer)靈敏度(Sensitivity)復數靈敏度(ComplexSensitivity)分辨率(Resolution)頻率范圍(FrequencyRange)線性范圍(LinearRange)頻率上限(UpperLimitFrequency)頻率下限(LowerLimitFrequency)靜態響應(StaticResponse)零頻率響應(ZeroFrequencyResponse)動態范圍(DynamicRange)幅值上限UpperLimitAmplitude)幅值下限(LowerLim

17、itAmplitude)最大可測振級(Max.DetectableVibrationLevel)最小可測振級(Min.DetectableVibrationLevel)信噪比(S/NRatio)振動諾模圖(VibrationNomogram)相移(PhaseShift)波形畸變(Wave-shapeDistortion)比例相移(ProportionalPhaseShift)慣性傳感器的穩態響應(SteadyResponseOfInertialTransducer)慣性傳感器的穩擊響應(ShockResponseOfInertialTransducer)位移計型的頻響特性(FrequencyR

18、esponseCharacteristicsVibrometer)加速度計型的頻響特性(FrequencyResponseCharacteristicsAccelerometer)幅頻特性曲線(Amplitude-frequencyCurve)相頻特性曲線(Phase-frequencyCurve)固定安裝共振頻率(MountedResonanceFrequency)安裝剛度(MountedStiffness)有限高頻效應(EffectOfLimitedHighFrequency)有限低頻效應(EffectOfLimitedLowFrequency)電動式變換(Electro-dynamicC

19、onversion)磁感應強度(MagneticInduction,MagneticFluxDensity)磁通(MagneticFlux)磁隙(MagneticGap)電磁力(Electro-magneticForce)相對式速度傳(RelativeVelocityTransducer)慣性式速度傳感器(InertialVelocityTransducer)速度靈敏度(VelocitySensitivity)電渦流阻尼(Eddy-currentDamping)無源微(積)分電路(PassiveDifferential(Integrate)Circuit)有源微(積)分電路(ActiveDif

20、ferential(Integrate)Circuit)運算放大器(OperationalAmplifier)時間常數(TimeConstant)比例運算(Scaling)積分運算(Integration)微分運算(Differentiation)高通濾波電路(High-passFilterCircuit)低通濾波電路(Low-passFilterCircuit)截止頻率(Cut-offFrequency)壓電效應(PiezoelectricEffect)壓電陶瓷(PiezoelectricCeramic)壓電常數(PiezoelectricConstant)極化(Polarization)壓

21、電式加速度傳感器(PiezoelectricAccelerationTransducer)中心壓縮式(CenterCompressionAccelerometer)三角剪切式(DeltaShearAccelerometer)壓電方程(PiezoelectricEquation)壓電石英(PiezoelectricQuartz)電荷等效電路(ChargeEquivalentCircuit)電壓等效電路(VoltageEquivalentCircuit)電荷靈敏度(ChargeSensitivity)電壓靈敏度(VoltageSensitivity)電荷放大器(ChargeAmplifier)適調

22、放大環節(ConditionalAmplifierSection)歸一化(Uniformization)電荷放大器增益(GainOfChargeAmplifier)測量系統靈敏度(SensitivityOfMeasuringSystem)底部應變靈敏度(BaseStrainSensitivity)橫向靈敏度(TransverseSensitivity)地回路(GroundLoop)力傳感器(ForceTransducer)力傳感器靈敏度(SensitivityOfForceTransducer)電渦流(EddyCurrent)前置器(Proximitor)間隙-電壓曲線(VoltagevsGa

23、pCurve)間隙-電壓靈敏度(VoltagevsGapSensitivity)壓阻效應(PiezoresistiveEffect)軸向壓阻系數(AxialPiezoresistiveCoefficient)橫向壓阻系數(TransversePiezoresistiveCoefficient)壓阻常數(PiezoresistiveConstant)單晶硅(MonocrystallineSilicon)應變靈敏度(StrainSensitivity)固態壓阻式加速度傳感器(SolidStatePiezoresistiveAccelerometer)體型壓阻式加速度傳感器(BulkTypePiez

24、oresistiveAccelerometer)力平衡式傳感器(ForceBalanceTransducer)電動力常數(Electro-dynamicConstant)機電耦合系統(Electro-mechanicalCouplingSystem)2檢測儀表、激勵設備及校準裝置時間基準信號(TimeBaseSignal)李薩茹圖(LissojousCurve)數字頻率計(DigitalFrequencyMeter)便攜式測振表(PortableVibrometer)有效值電壓表(RMSValueVoltmeter)峰值電壓表(Peak-valueVoltmeter)平均絕對值檢波電路(Ave

25、rageAbsoluteValueDetector)峰值檢波電路(Peak-valueDetector)準有效值檢波電路(QuasiRMSValueDetector)真有效值檢波電路(TrueRMSValueDetector)直流數字電壓表(DVM,DCDigitalVoltmeter)數字式測振表(DigitalVibrometer)A/D轉換器(A/DConverter)D/A轉換器(D/AConverter)相位計(PhaseMeter)電子記錄儀(LeverRecorder)光線示波器(Oscillograph)振子(Galvonometer)磁帶記錄儀(MagneticTapeRec

26、order)DR方式(直接記錄式)(DirectRecorder)FM方式(頻率調制式)(FrequencyModulation)失真度(Distortion)機械式激振器(MechanicalExciter)機械式振動臺(MechanicalShaker)離心式激振器(CentrifugalExciter)電動力式振動臺(Electro-dynamicShaker)電動力式激振器(Electro-dynamicExciter)液壓式振動臺(HydraulicShaker)液壓式激振器(HydraulicExciter)電液放大器(Electro-hydraulicAmplifier)磁吸式激

27、振器(MagneticPullingExciter)渦流式激振器(EddyCurrentExciter)壓電激振片(PiezoelectricExcitingElements)沖擊力錘(ImpactHammer)沖擊試驗臺(ShockTestingMachine)激振控制技術(ExcitationControlTechnique)波形再現(WaveReproduction)壓縮技術(CompressionTechnique)均衡技術(EqualizationTechnique)交越頻率(CrossoverFrequency)綜合技術(SynthesisTechnique)校準(Calibrat

28、ion)分部校準(CalibrationforComponentsinsystem)系統校準(CalibrationforOver-allSystem)模擬傳感器(SimulatedTransducer)靜態校準(StaticCalibration)簡諧激勵校準(HarmonicExcitationCalibration)絕對校準(AbsoluteCalibration)相對校準(RelativeCalibration)比較校準(ComparisonCalibration)標準振動臺(StandardVibrationExciter)讀數顯微鏡法(Microscope-streakMethod

29、)光柵板法(RonchiRulingMethod)光學干涉條紋計數法(OpticalInterferometerFringeCountingMethod)光學干涉條紋消失法(OpticalInterferometerFringeDisappearanceMethod)背靠背安裝(Back-to-backMounting)互易校準法(ReciprocityCalibration)共振梁(ResonantBar)沖擊校準(ImpactExcitingCalibration)擺錘沖擊校準(BallisticPendulumCalibration)落錘沖擊校準(DropTestCalibration)

30、振動和沖擊標準(VibrationandShockStandard)邁克爾遜干涉儀(MichelsonInterferometer)摩爾干涉圖象(MoireFringe)參考傳感器(ReferenceTransducer)3頻率分析及數字信號處理帶通濾波器(Band-passFilter)半功率帶寬(Half-powerBandwidth)3dB帶寬(3dBBandwidth)等效噪聲帶寬(EffectiveNoiseBandwidth)恒帶寬(ConstantBandwidth)恒百分比帶寬(ConstantPercentageBandwidth)1/N倍頻程濾波器(1/NOctaveFil

31、ter)形狀因子(ShapeFactor)截止頻率(Cut-offFrequency)中心頻率(CentreFrequency)模擬濾波器(AnalogFilter)數字濾波器(DigitalFilter)跟蹤濾波器(TrackingFilter)外差式頻率分析儀(HeterodyneFrequencyAnalyzer)逐級式頻率分析儀(SteppedFrequencyAnalyzer)掃描式頻率分析儀(SweepingFilterAnalyzer)混頻器(Mixer)RC平均(RCAveraging)平均時間(AveragingTime)掃描速度(SweepingSpeed)濾波器響應時間(

32、FilterResponseTime)離散傅里葉變換(DFT,DiscreteFourierTransform)快速傅里葉變換(FFT,FastFourierTransform)抽樣頻率(SamplingFrequency)抽樣間隔(SamplingInterval)抽樣定理(SamplingTheorem)抗混濾波(Anti-aliasingFilter)泄漏(Leakage)加窗(Windowing)窗函數(WindowFunction)截斷(Truncation)頻率混淆(FrequencyAliasing)乃奎斯特頻率(NyquistFrequency)矩形窗(RectangularW

33、indow)漢寧窗(HanningWindow)凱塞-貝塞爾窗(Kaiser-BesselWindow)平頂窗(Flat-topWindow)平均(Averaging)線性平均(LinearAveraging)指數平均(ExponentialAveraging)峰值保持平均(Peak-holdAveraging)時域平均(Time-domainAveraging)譜平均(SpectrumAveraging)重疊平均(OverlapAveraging)柵欄效應(PicketFenceEffect)吉卜斯效應(GibbsEffect)基帶頻譜分析(Base-bandSpectralAnalysis

34、)選帶頻譜分析(BandSelectableSp4ctralAnalysis)細化(Zoom)數字移頻(DigitalFrequencyShift)抽樣率縮減(SamplingRateReduction)功率譜估計(PowerSpectrumEstimate)相關函數估計(CorrelationEstimate)頻響函數估計(FrequencyResponseFunctionEstimate)相干函數估計(CoherenceFunctionEstimate)沖激響應函數估計(ImpulseResponseFunctionEstimate)倒頻譜(Cepstrum)功率倒頻譜(PowerCepstrum)幅值倒頻譜(AmplitudeCepstrum)倒頻率(Quefrency)4旋轉機械的振動測試及狀態監測狀態監測(ConditionMonitoring)故障診斷(FaultDiagnosis)轉子(Rotor)轉手支承系統(Rotor-SupportSystem)振動故障(VibrationFault)軸振動(ShaftVibration)徑向振動(RadialVibration)基頻振動(Fund