1、.詞匯第六講1. contain2. access3. crash4. breakdown5. source6. defence7. create8. via9. percentage10. design11. document12. invention13. permission14. military15. concentrate16. definite17. independent18. frequent19. advantage20. average21. statistics22. shortencontain v.knten 包含，含有，包容；控制，抑制，抑制感情；防止蔓延或惡化c

2、ontainv.if sth contains sth else, it has that thing inside it or as part of it 包含，含有，容納keep your feelings under control控制，克制，抑制（感情）prevent sth harmful from spreading or getting worse 防止蔓延（或惡化）contain an epidemic 防止流行病的蔓延【例句感悟】E.g.：1A CD-ROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information. CD-RO

3、M是包含了虛度哦信息的單獨(dú)的一個光盤。 2This drink doesnt contain any alcohol.這種飲料不含任何酒精。 3She was unable to contain her excitement.她無法抑制內(nèi)心的沖動。【易混辨析】1contain表示“整體包括，表示包含所含之物的全部，即“包容。2include表示“部分包括，只表示包含所含之物中的一部分。【既學(xué)即練】用contain和include的適當(dāng)形式填空。 The bottle _enough water for all of us. The tour _a visit to Paris. The dic

4、tionary _10,000 words, _many in science. Herd immunity protects the people who get hurt easily, _those who cant be vaccinated for medical reasons.答案： contains included/includes including includingaccess n.ækses 通道，通路，入徑；使用或見到的時機(jī)，權(quán)利 v.ækses 訪問，存取計算機(jī)文件；到達(dá)，進(jìn)入，使用accessn.a way of entering or re

5、aching a place通道，通路，入徑the opportunity or right to use sth or to see sb/sth（使用或見到的）機(jī)會，權(quán)利v.open a computer file in order to get or add information 訪問，存取（計算機(jī)文件）reach, enter or use sth 到達(dá)，進(jìn)入，使用派生詞accessible可到達(dá)的，可接近的，可進(jìn)入的，可使用的，可見到的容易理解的，易懂的易接近的，易相處的，易打交道的【積累詞組】1be accessible to 易接近的，能進(jìn)入的2get/have access

6、to 有接近和使用的權(quán)利或時機(jī)【例句感悟】E.g.：1The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and its accessible through a computer.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是世界上最大的信息源，通過電腦很容易連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。2The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter.只有乘直升機(jī)才能進(jìn)入那遙遠(yuǎn)的荒漠地區(qū)。3Students must have access to good resources.學(xué)生必須有時機(jī)使用好的資源。crash n.

7、kræ 撞車，碰撞；相撞；機(jī)器或系統(tǒng)，尤指計算機(jī)或計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的崩潰 v.kræ 碰撞，撞擊；崩潰；比賽中潰敗，慘敗crashn.an accident in which a vehicle hits sth, for example another vehicle, usually causing damage and often injuring or killing the passengers 撞車，碰撞，相撞a sudden failure of a machine or system, especially of a computer or computer sy

8、stem （機(jī)器或系統(tǒng)，尤指計算機(jī)或計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的）崩潰a car/plane crash 汽車撞車事故；飛機(jī)失事v.if a vehicle crashes or the driver crashes it, it hits an object or another vehicle, causing damage 碰撞，撞擊if a computer crashes or you crash a computer, it stops working suddenly 崩潰lose very badly in a sports game （比賽中）潰敗，慘敗【例句感悟】breakdown n.b

9、rek.dan 車輛或機(jī)器的故障，損壞；關(guān)系破裂，討論、系統(tǒng)失敗breakdownn.an occasion when a vehicle or machine stops working（車輛或機(jī)器的）故障，損壞a failure of a relationship, discussion or system（關(guān)系）破裂；（討論、系統(tǒng)）失敗a breakdown recovery service 車輛搶修服務(wù)the breakdown of a marriage = marriage breakdown婚姻破裂【例句感悟】defence n.dfens 防御，保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)；國防機(jī)構(gòu)，國防體系；

10、辯護(hù)，辯詞，辯論defencen.the act of protecting sb/sth from attack, criticism, etc.【u】防御，保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)the organization of the people and systems that are used by a government to protect a country from attack 國防機(jī)構(gòu)，國防體系the Ministry of Defence = the Department of Defense 國防部what is said in court to prove that a person

11、did not commit a crime; the act of presenting this argument in court 辯護(hù)，辯詞，答辯同根詞defensive adj.防御的，保護(hù)的，保衛(wèi)的defend v. 保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)同根詞：defensive, defend【例句感悟】E.g.：1In 1969, DARPA, a US defence organization, developed a way for all their computers to“talkto each other through the telephone. 1969年，DARPA, 一個美國防衛(wèi)組

12、織，開發(fā)了一種通過 使所有人的計算機(jī)彼此“交談的方式。2The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.城墻是為防御敵人襲擊而修建的。3【積累詞組】 indefence of 保衛(wèi) defendagainst/from 保護(hù)免受create v.kriet 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作，創(chuàng)立；造成，引起，產(chǎn)生感覺或印象派生詞：creator, creationcreatev.make sth happen or exist創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作，創(chuàng)建派生詞creation n.U 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)建C (often humorous) 作品；創(chuàng)作produc

13、e a particular feeling or impression造成，引起，產(chǎn)生（感覺或印象）creative adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的creativity n. 創(chuàng)造性【易混辨析】1create指有目的地把原材料制成新產(chǎn)品，也指創(chuàng)造出原來不存在的或與眾不同的事物。2invent指通過想象、研究、勞動而創(chuàng)造出前所未有的東西，尤指科技上的創(chuàng)造。3discover指發(fā)現(xiàn)了原來存在但尚未被人覺察或認(rèn)知的事物。【既學(xué)即練】用create, invent, discover的適當(dāng)形式填空。1We should develop the _of the young.2Have you read any

14、_of Jin Yong?3Who is the _of the world?4Someone with _thinking is right for the job.5We must work hard to _a new social order.6While building a tunnel through the mountain, the workers _an underground lake.7Since it was _in the 1960s, the computer has brought many benefits to the world economy.8His

15、friends were shocked to _how ill he was.9In 105 AD paper _in China.10Do you know when Columbus _the new world？答案：1creativity 2creations 3creator 4creative 5create6discovered 7invented 8discover 9was invented 10discoveredvia prep.va 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過某一地方；通過，憑借某人、系統(tǒng)等viaprep.through a place 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過（某一地方）by means of

16、a particular person, system, etc.通過，憑借（某人、系統(tǒng)等）【例句感悟】percentage n.prsentd 百分率，百分比；利潤的分成，提成percentagen.the number, amount, rate of sth, expressed as if it is part of a total which is 100; a part or share of a whole 百分率，百分比a share of the profits of sth 利潤的分成，提成【例句感悟】design n.dzan 設(shè)計，布局，安排；設(shè)計圖樣，設(shè)計方案；打算，

17、意圖，目的v.dzan 設(shè)計，制圖，構(gòu)思；方案，籌劃，制訂designn.the general arrangement of the different parts of sth that is made,such as a building, book, machine, etc. 設(shè)計，布局，安排a plan or an intention打算，意圖，目的v.an arrangement of lines and shapesas a decoration 裝飾圖案，花紋decide how sth will look, work, etc., especially by drawing

18、 plans or making models 設(shè)計，制圖，構(gòu)思design a car/a dress/an office設(shè)計汽車連衣裙辦公室think of and plan a system, a way of doing sth, etc. 計劃，籌劃，制訂【例句感悟】E.g.：1He designed the first“web browser, which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. 他設(shè)計了第一個“網(wǎng)絡(luò)閱讀器，可以讓電腦用戶從其他電腦上獲取文件。2The room was des

19、igned for children as a childrens playroom.該房間是準(zhǔn)備給孩子們作游樂室的。3I dont think he was late for school this morning by design.我認(rèn)為他今早不是成心上學(xué)遲到的。【積累詞組】 be designed for 專為設(shè)計的 be designed to do 專門設(shè)計用于 be designed as/to be 作為而被設(shè)計 be design = on purpose 成心地document n.dkjmnt 文件，公文，文獻(xiàn)，證件v.dkjmnt 記錄，記載詳情派生詞：document

20、arydocumentn.an official paper or book that gives information about sth, or that can be used as evidence or proof of sth 文件，公文，文獻(xiàn)，證件legal documents 法律文件v.record the details of sth記錄，記載（詳情）travel documents 旅行證件派生詞 documentary文件的，文獻(xiàn)的，由文件（或文獻(xiàn)）組成的documentary evidence/sources/material書面證據(jù)；文件來源；文獻(xiàn)資料【例句感悟】

21、invention n.nvenn 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)造；虛構(gòu)，編造，虛構(gòu)的故事同根詞：inventinventionn.a thing or an idea that has been invented 發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造同根詞 inventproduce or design sth that has notexisted before 發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造the act of inventing a story or an idea and pretending that it is true;a story invented in this way 虛構(gòu)，編造，虛構(gòu)的故事say or describe sth th

22、at is not true, especiallyin order to trick people 編造，捏造，虛構(gòu)【例句感悟】permission n.prmn 準(zhǔn)許，答應(yīng)，批準(zhǔn)；答應(yīng)證，書面答應(yīng)permissionn.the act of allowing sb to do sth, especially when this is done by sb in a position of authority u準(zhǔn)許，許可，批準(zhǔn)同根詞 permitallow sb to do sth or to allow sth to happen 允許，準(zhǔn)許an official written sta

23、tement allowing sb to do sth 許可證，書面許可【例句感悟】militaryadj. mltri 軍事的，軍隊的，武裝的n.mltri 軍人，軍隊，軍方militaryadj.connected with soldiers or the armed forces軍事的，軍隊的，武裝的military training/intelligence 軍訓(xùn)；軍事情報military uniform 軍服n.soldiers; the armed forces軍人，軍隊，軍方【例句感悟】concentratev. knsn.tret 集中注意力，聚精會神；使集中或集合、聚集派生

24、詞：concentrationconcentratev.give all your attention to sth and not thinkabout anything else 集中（注意力），聚精會神派生詞concentration使集中（或集合、聚集 bring sth together in one place concentrate sth + adv./prep.concentrate on doing = pay attention to doing sth專心，專注【例句感悟】definiteadj. defnt 肯定的，確定的，不會改變的；清楚的，明顯的派生詞：defin

25、itiondefiniteadj.sure or certain; unlikely to change肯定的，確定的，不會改變的派生詞 definitioneasily or clearly seen or understood; obvious清楚的，明顯的sure that sth is true or that sth is going to happenand stating it to other people 肯定，有把握（尤指詞典里的詞或短語的）釋義，解釋；定義【例句感悟】independentadj. .ndpendnt 獨(dú)立的，自主的，自治的；不相干的人所做的或提供的，公正

26、的，無偏見的；私營的同根詞：independenceindependentadj.having their own government獨(dú)立的，自主的，自治的派生詞 definitiondone or given by sb who is not involved in a situation and so is able to judge it fairly 不相干的人所做的（或提供的），公正的，無偏見的supported by private money rather than government money 私營的independent television/schools私營電視臺；

27、私立學(xué)校獨(dú)立【例句感悟】frequentadj. frikwnt 頻繁的；經(jīng)常發(fā)生的派生詞：frequentlyfrequentadj.happening or doing sth often頻繁的，經(jīng)常發(fā)生的派生詞frequently adv. 頻繁地，經(jīng)常地【例句感悟】advantagen.  dvntd 有利條件，有利因素，優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)點(diǎn)反義詞：disadvantageadvantagen.a thing that helps you to be better or more successfulthan other people 有利條件，有利因素，優(yōu)勢派生詞disadvanta

28、ge n. 不利因素，障礙，不便之處a quality of sth that makes it better or more useful 優(yōu)點(diǎn)積累詞組pros and cons【例句感悟】averageadj. ævrd 平均的；典型的，正常的；普通的；平常的；一般的n.ævrd 平均數(shù)averageadj.calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts 平均的an average rate/co

29、st/price 平均費(fèi)率成本價格n.the result of adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts 平均數(shù)typical or normal 典型的，正常的ordinary; not special 普通的，平常的，一般的at an average speed of 100 miles per hour 以平均每小時 100 英里的速度反義詞：disadvantage【例句感悟】statisticn. sttstk pl 統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，統(tǒng)

30、計資料；u 統(tǒng)計學(xué)statisticn.a collection of information shown in numbers pl統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，統(tǒng)計資料crime/unemployment statistics 犯罪、失業(yè)統(tǒng)計資料the science of collecting andanalyzing statistics 統(tǒng)計學(xué)（不可數(shù)）【例句感悟】shorten v. rtn使變短，縮短反義詞： lengthenshortenv.make sth shorter; to become shorter（使）變短，縮短反義詞lengthen v. （使）變長【例句感悟】E.g.：1In N

31、ovember the temperatures drop and the days shorten.十一月氣溫下降，白天變短。source n.  srs 來源，出處；起源，根源，原因sourcen.a place, person or thing thatyou get sth from 來源，出處a person or thing that causes sth,especially a problem 起源，根源，原因a source of violence 暴力的根源a source of confusion 困惑的緣由【例句感悟】詞組：put in order1put i

32、n order 把把順序排列2ingoodorder 井然有序3out of order 秩序混亂；出故障4keep order 維持秩序5place an order with sb./sth. 向某人訂購某物6in order to do 為了做 【例句感悟】E.g.：1Put these words in the correct order to describe the stages of a scientific experiment. 將這些詞匯按正確順序排列，用以描繪科學(xué)實驗的各個階段 2We need to put our clothes in order. 我們需要把衣服整理好。 3The phone is out of order. 出故障了。 4All the things are kept in order. 所有東西都保持地井然有序。【既學(xué)即練】1All the things in the room was out _order, but she quickly put them _order.2I placed an order _that store _an air-conditioner.3_order to make a change, you need to decide w