1、2009初中英語全程知識點總結及練習 初一年級（上） 【知識梳理】 I. 重點短語 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about? 3. Lets do sth. 4. Its

2、 time to do sth. 5. Its time for 6. Whats? It is/ Its 7. Where is? Its. 8. How old are you? Im. 9. What class are you in? Im in. 10. Welcome to. 11. Whats plus? Its. 12. I think 13. Whos this? This is. 14. What can you see？ I can see. 15. There is (are) . 16. What colour is it (are they)? Its (Theyr

3、e) 17. Whose is this? Its. 18. What time is it? Its. III. 交際用語 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr. 2. Hello! Hi! 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are you? Im fine, thank you/thanks. And you? 5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you! Youre welcome. 7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. Whats your name? My name

4、is . 9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Whos on duty today? 11. Lets do. 12. Let me see. IV. 重要語法 1. 動詞be的用法； 2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法； 3. 名詞的單復數和所有格的用法； 4. 冠詞的基本用法； 5. There be句型的用法。 【名師講解】 1. in/on     在表示空間位置時，in表示在某個空間的范圍以內，on表示在某一個物體的表面之上。例如：     There is a bird in the

5、tree. 樹上有只鳥。     There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有張圖。 2. this/that/these/those   (1)this常常用來指在時間、地點上更接近講話人的人和事，these是this的復數形式。that常常用來指在時間、地點上離講話人更遠一點的人和事，those時that的復數形式。例如：     You look in this box and Ill look in that one over there.你看看這個盒子，我去看那邊的那個盒子。  

6、   I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。     Take these books to his room, please. 請把這些書拿到他房間去。     This is mine; thats yours. 這個是我的，那個是你的。     These are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。   (2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對方。

7、例如：     This is Mary speaking. Whos that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰？ 3. There be/ have There be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時存在某人或某物。"其結構是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點或時間的狀語。There be 后面的名詞實際上是主語，be 動詞的形式要和主語在數上保持一致，be動詞后面的名詞是單數或不可數名詞時用is，名詞是復數時用are。例如： (1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table.

8、 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。 (2) There is a doll in the box. 那個盒子里有個娃娃。 (3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果。 總之，There be結構強調的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關系。例如： (4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個兄弟，一個姐姐。 (5) That house has four ro

9、oms.那所房子有四個房間。 4. look/ see/ watch (1)look 表示“看、瞧”，著重指認真看，強調看的動作，表示有意識地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對方注意。，如： Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子們在玩電腦游戲。 Look! Whats that over there? 看！那邊那個是什么？ 單獨使用是不及物動詞，如強調看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語，如： Hes looking at me。他正在看著我。 (2)see強調“看”的結果，著重的是look這個動作的結果，意思是“看到”，see是

10、及物動詞，后面能直接跟賓語。如： What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什么？ Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？ (3)watch“觀看，注視”，側重于場面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務的活動，強調過程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如： Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場足球比賽。 4. put on/ / in put on意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動作, 后面接

11、表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。 in 是介詞，表示“穿著”強調狀態。在句中可以做定語、標語和狀語。如： Its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。 He puts on his hat and goes out.  他戴上帽子，走了出去。 The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色襯衣的那個婦女是John的媽媽。 5. house/ home/family house ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一個人同家人共同經常居住的地方; Family:  “家庭“

12、，“家庭成員”。例如： Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請到我家來。 He is not at home. 他不在家。 My family all get up early. 我們全家都起得很早。 6. fine, nice, good, well 四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區別在于：    (1) fine指物時表示的是質量上的"精細"，形容人時表示的是"身體健康"，也 可以用來指&quo

13、t;天氣晴朗"。例如：Your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。That's a fine machine. 那是一臺很好的機器。It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好時候。 (2)nice主要側重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于問候或贊揚別人。例如：Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you. 見到你很高興。It'

14、s very nice of you. 你真好。 (3)good形容人時指"品德好"，形容物時指"質量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：Her son is a good student. 她兒子是一個好學生。The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。 (4)well只可用來形容人的"身體好"，但不能作定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修飾的動詞之后。例如：I'm very well, thanks. 我身體很好，謝謝。My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好。

15、 【考點掃描】 中考考點在本單元主要集中在： 1. 動詞be的用法； 2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法； 3. 名詞的單復數和所有格的用法； 4. 冠詞的基本用法； 5. There be句型的用法。 6. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型； 7. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。 考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。 【中考范例】 1. (2004年北京市中考試題)   Mary, please show _ your picture.   A. my  B. mine  C. I  D. me 【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和

16、物主代詞的用法。本題中動詞show后面跟雙賓語，空白處應填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。 2. (2004年上海市徐匯區中考試題)   _ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.   A. A  B.An  C. /  D. The 【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因為是特指課桌上的那個橘子，所以用定冠詞the。 3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)   -What _ the number of the girls in your class?   -About twenty.

17、   A. is  B. am  C. are  D. be 【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是動詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語，應該是單數第三人稱，動詞be變為is。 4. (2004年陜西省中考試題)   There _ a football match on TV this evening.   A. will have  B. is going to be  C. has  D. is going to have 【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是There be句型和動詞have用法

18、區別。There be句型本身就表示“在某個地方存在某個人或物”，不能和動詞have混在一起用。 【滿分演練】 一. 單項填空 1. -What colour is the bike? -Its _ orange. A. an  B. a  C. /  D. the 2. That isnt her bag. Its _.   A. my  B. I  C. mine  D. me 3. -Oh, your kite is very nice.   -_.   A. Thats right  B

19、. No, its not nice  C. Yes, it is  D. Thank you 4. The woman is sixty, but she _ young.   A. is  B. sees  C. looks  D. watches 5. Its time _ lunch. Lets go home.   A. to  B. in  C. for  D. on 6. -_ is your coat?   -The black one.   A. What&

20、#160; B. Where  C. Which  D. How 7. -_ is the toy?   -Its on the bed.   A. Who  B. Where  C. What  D. Whose 8. The shoes are too old. Put _ over there.   A. it  B. they  C. their  D. them 9. Excuse me. Can you _ my watch, please?   A. look&

21、#160; B. look like  C. look after  D. look at 10. Look _ the blackboard and listen _ the teacher.   A. / /   B. at; to  C. after; /  D. on; after 11. -Whose dress is this?    -Its _.   A. Lucy  B. Lucys  C. Jim  D. Jims 12. The girl _

22、the purple coat is his sister.   A. at  B. in  C.on  D. with 13. There is a bird _ the tree.   A. in  B. on  C. to  D. of 14. There are many _ in our school.   A. woman teachers      B. woman teacher   C. women teacher &

23、#160;     D. women teachers 15. -Is there a ball under the desk?    -_.   A. Yes, it is                   B. Yes, theres   C. No, there isnt     

24、          D. No, there is 16. There _ some books and a pencil on the desk.   A. am  B. is  C. are  D. be 17. -Let me help you.    -_.   A. Youre welcome     B. Thanks very much   C. Dont worry

25、60;       D. Yes, thanks 18. _ old man is _ English teacher.   A. The; an  B. An; an  C. The; the  D. A; a 19. -What _ five plus six?    -Its eleven.   A. am  B. is  C. are  D. / 20. -What _ you see in the picture?  

26、;  -I can see some flowers.   A. must  B. can  C. are  D. do 二. 完形填空     This is a picture of Kats _1_. What can we _2_ in the picture? Look _3_ it, please. The man _4_ the black coat is Kates father, Mr. Green. The _5_ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They _

27、6_ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kates _7_, Jim. _8_ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, hes _9_ brother, Mr. Read. He _10_ young, too. 1. A. families  B. family  C. parents  D. brothers 2. A. look     B. do     C. see   &

28、#160;  D.put 3. A. at       B. after    C. for      D. up 4. A. on      B. of      C. in       D. to 5. A. man     B. girl

29、60;   C. women   D. woman 6. A. are      B. is      C. look like  D. looking 7. A. sister    B. brother  C. father    D. aunt 8. A. Whats   B. Wheres C. Whos    D. H

30、ow is 9. A. his      B. her     C. our      D. their 10. A. looks   B. am      C. look    D. very 三. 在B欄中找出A欄英語句子的正確答語        (A)   

31、60;                    (B) 1. How are you?              A. I am in Row 6. 2. Can you spell it, please?      B. Fine

32、, thank you. 3. How do you do?            C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book. 4. What row are you in?        D. It is ten. 5. Whats two plus eight?       E. Nice to meet you, too. 6. Nice to me

33、et you.           F. I am 14. 7. How old are you?           G. Wang Ping is. 8. Whos not here?            H. Its here. 9. Where is the bag? 

34、          I. Its a book. 10. What is this in English?     J. How do you do? 四. 完成對話：在對話后面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處 Jim:  Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours? Ann:  Let me have a look._1_. I think its Sams. My dog is bro

35、wn. Jim:  Sam, look at the dog behind the tree._2_? Sam:  Sorry, it isnt mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Marys. Jim:  _3_? Sam:  Shes my friend. Look! Shes over there. Lets go and ask her. Jim:  _4_. Sam:  Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours? Mary: _5_. S

36、am:  Its a lovely dog! Dont lose it! Mary: Yes, thank you. A. Whos Mary B. OK, lets go C. Oh, no its not mine D. Oh, yes. Its mine E. Is it yours 五. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空 1. _ (He) pen is in _ (I) pencil-box. 2. _ (You) shoes _ (be) under the bed. 3. _ (Who) new ruler is this? 4. -Are these trousers _ (

37、you)?   -No, they arent _ (we) 5. Its time _ (go) and play games. 6. This is my pen. Please give it to _ (I). 7. I have two _ (baby). 8. Look! That is a _ (China) car. 9. It is _ (my teacher) sweater. 10. Now her _ ( parent) are in America. 六. 閱讀理解        

38、0;                 (A)     Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company.

39、 She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six.

40、He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes. 根據短文的內容，判斷下列句子的正誤：正確地答“A”，錯誤的答“B”。 1. Bob was born in a small

41、 and rich family. 2. He has two brothers and a sister. 3. There are five people in his family. 4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school. 5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They love him very much”.              

42、;         (B) Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they

43、are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily'

44、s. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's. 1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see _. A. a clothes line   B. a tree  C. a bed 2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are _. A. green  B. black  C. brown 3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on

45、_. A. the clothes tree  B. the clothes line  C. lily's bed 4. How many beds are there in the room? _. A. only one  B. three  C. two 5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? _. A. Yes, there is a hat on it B. No, there is not anything on it C. Sorry, I don't know  &

46、#160;                            (C) It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America

47、, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.    There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people

48、are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall _.  A. by bike   B. by car  C. by plane   D. by bus2. There are _.  A. only one Chinese in the bus  B. only two Chinese in the bus&#

49、160; C. only two Chinese on the bike  D. only one Chinese in the car3. The driver is _.  A. a man  B. a woman  C. a Canadian  D. an American4. The people _.  A. are singing  B. are talking  C. are listening  D. are looking at the wall5. They _.  A. c

50、an see the Great Wall             B. can speak English very well.  C. want to talk with the man very much  D. want to see the Great Wall very much  初一年級（下） 【知識梳理】 I. 重點短語 1. a bottle of 2. a little 3. a lot (of) 4. all day 5.

51、 be from 6. be over 7. come back 8. come from 9. do ones homework 10. do the shopping 11. get down 12. get home 13. get to 14. get up 15. go shopping 16. have a drink of 17. have a look 18. have breakfast 19. have lunch 20. have supper 21. listen to 22. notat all 23. putaway 24. take off 25. throw i

52、t like that 26. would like 27. in the middle of the day 28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening 29. on a farm 30. in a factory II. 重要句型 1. Let sb. do sth. 2. Could sb. do sth.? 3. would like sth. 4. would like to do sth. 5. What about something to eat? 6. How do you spell ? 7. May I borrow? III. 交際用

53、語 1. Thanks very much! You're welcome. 2. Put it/them away. 3. What's wrong? 4. I think so. I don't think so. 5. I want to take some books to the classroom. 6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please. Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK. 9. What's your favourite sport? 10. Don&#

54、39;t worry. 11.Im (not) good at basketball. 12. Do you want a go? 13. That's right./ Thats all right./ All right. 14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 15. We / They have some CDs. We / They dont have any CDs. 16. -What day is it today / tomorrow? -Its Monday.

55、 17. -May I borrow your colour pens, please?  -Certainly. Here you are. 18. -Where are you from? -From Beijing. 19. What's your telephone number in New York? 20. -Do you like hot dogs? -Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.) -No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.) 21. -Wha

56、t does your mother like? -She likes dumplings and vegetables very much. 22. -When do you go to school every day? -I go to school at 7:00 every day. 23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening? -He goes to bed at 10:00. IV. 重要語法 1.人稱代詞的用法； 2. 祈使句； 3. 現在進行時的構成和用法； 4動詞have的用法； 5一般現在時構成和用法； 6可數名詞和不可

57、數名詞的構成和用法 【名師講解】 1.    That's right./ Thats all right./ All right. Thats right意為“對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如： "I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應該幫助這位老人。""That's right."或 "You're right.""說得對"。 Thats all right.意為

58、“不用謝”、“沒關系”，用來回答對方的致謝或道歉。例如： "Many thanks." "That's all right." "Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right." All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對方的建議或要求。有時還可以表示“身體很好” "Please tell me about it." "請把此事告訴我。""All right.""好吧。"

59、;Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎 2. make/do 這兩個詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。 Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個紙船嗎？ Hes doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業。 3. say/speak/talk/tell say：是最口語化的最普通的一個詞，意為“說出”、“說道”，著重所說的話。如：   “I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去

60、?！?Please say it in English .請用英語說。 speak : “說話”，著重開口發聲，不著重所說的內容，一般用作不及物動詞 (即后面不能直接接賓語 ) 。如： Can you speak about him? 你能不能說說他的情況？ I dont like to speak like this. 我不喜歡這樣說話。 speak 作及物動詞解時，只能和某種語言等連用，表達在對話中恰當使用詞匯的能力。如： She speaks English well.她英語說得好。 talk : 與 speak 意義相近，也著重說話的動作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物動詞

61、，不過，talk 暗示話是對某人說的，有較強的對話意味，著重指連續地和別人談話。如： I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那件事。 Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。 tell : “告訴”，除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語。如： Hes telling me a story.他在給我講故事。 tell a lie 撒謊 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth. Miss Zhao often tells us to study

62、hard. 4. do cooking/ do the cooking do cooking 作“做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動名詞，不能用作復數，但前面可用 some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語： do some washing 洗些衣服 do some shopping 買些東西 do some reading 讀書 do some writing 寫些東西 do some fishing 釣魚 從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some, much或定冠詞。 go shopping

63、 去買東西 go fishing 去釣魚 go boating 去劃船 go swimming 去游泳 5. like doing sth./ like to do sth. like doing sth. 與like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有區別。前者強調一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習慣性和經常性；后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。例如： He likes playing football, but he doesnt like to play football with Li Ming. 他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。 6. other/ others/ the other

64、/ anotherother表其余的，別的，  Have you any other questions?你還有其他問題嗎?others 別的人，別的東西  In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是 美國人,其他的是法國人。 the other表另一個（二者之中）one，the other One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese. 我兩個哥哥中的一個學習英文,另一個學中文。 another表三者以上的另一個，另一些 There is room for another few books on the shelf.書架上還可以放點書。 7. in the tree/ on the tree in the tree 與 on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"