1、直接引語和間接引語復習直接引語和間接引語 1,直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語; 2,用自己話轉述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內,間接引語則不用引號。3,直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。一、如何變人稱： 下面有一句順口溜“一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。1，隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：She said. My brother wants to go with me.

2、She said (that) her brother wanted to go with her. They said: “We will go there by bus.” The said (that) they will go there by bus. 2.“隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱,或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如： He said to Kate. How is your sister now?”He asked Kate how her sister was then。My mother often says

3、to me:“ You have to work hard at your lessons.”My mother often tells me I have to work hard at my lessons. 3.“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如： Mr Smith said: “Jack is a good worker。”Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。His mother said to me: “ He cant go to school.”His m

4、other told me he couldnt go to school. 二、如何變時態： 直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態需要做相應的調整。 一般現在時-過去時態；一般過去時-過去完成時；一般將來時-過去將來時；現在進行時-過去進行時；現在完成時-過去完成時；過去完成時則保留原來的時態。 1)She said. I live in Paris.”She said she lived in Paris .2)He said : I am reading a book now.”He said he was reading a book then.”3) She said. He will g

5、o to see his friend.”She said he would go to see his friend. 4)Rose said: “I have already seen the movie.” Rose said she had already seen the movie.5)He said: I went to New York last week.” He said he had gone to New York the week before.6)He said : “I had already eaten .” He said he had already eat

6、en.7)He said : “I am going to find a new job .” He said he was going to find a new job .注:以下幾種情況,直接引語變為間接引語時，時態一般不變化 直接引語是客觀真理。 The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.” the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the e

7、arth。 直接引語如果是一般現在時。表示一種反復出現或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態不變。如： He said, I get up at six every morning。 He said he gets up at six every morning。 直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變為間接引語時，時態不變。如： Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。 Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 三、如何變狀語 直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內在規津，時間狀語now-th

8、en, yesterday-the day beforethis week (month ,year, etc)-that week (month ),She asked :“What are you going to do next week?” She asked what I was going to do the next week.地點狀語，尤表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼”this -that(由“此”改為“彼”),these-those, herethere,如： He said, These books are mine. He said those b

9、ooks were his. 動詞：come-goShe said :“Come here,please.” She told to us go there.四、如何變句型 直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。如：She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said( that) their bus would arrive in five minutes. He said :“I like watching TV very much.”He said (that) he liked watching TV v

10、ery much.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句.如：He said, Can you swim, John? He asked John if /whether he could swim. She asked :“Did you go home？” She asked me if/whether I had gone home.Do you go to school by bus or by bike? He asked me whether I went to school by bus or by bike.(選擇疑

11、問句變為whether.or 賓語從句) 直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。 She asked me, When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. He asked :“Where are you from？” He asked me where I was from.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。如： Dont make

12、 any noise, she said to the children.” She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. She said Bring me a cup of tea, please. said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. The teacher said to the boy, Open the window.“The teacher told the boy to open the window. 注：直接引語如果是以“Lets”開頭的祈使句，變為

13、間接引語時，通常用“suggest +動名詞（或從句）。”如： He said, Lets go to the film.“ He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 直接引語變間接引語練習題1She said: “He will be busy.” -She said that he would be busy. 2She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”-She asked Tom if /whether he could help her

14、. 3She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” -She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 4The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”-The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 1. “I am good at English ,” Lucy said.2. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to Lucy.3. “We will have a football mat

15、ch,” he told his mother.Lucy said she was good at English.Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was reading a book.He told his mother they would have a football match tomorrow.4. “They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,” the boy said.5. Cousin Sue said, “Im sorry I didnt have time to come over

16、 and visit last Saturday.”The boy said they went to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.Cousin Sue said she was sorry she hadnt had time to come over and visit the previous Saturday.5The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” -The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.6The bo

17、y said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”-The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day 7He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” -He told me that he was born in 1978. 8She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”-She told us she would come here tomorrow 9“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.-The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived. 10“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. -The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than s