1、環境詞匯Precipitation 降雨tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean regions 熱帶和亞熱帶和地中海地區surgence 浪cyclones 氣旋，龍卷風meteorological terms 氣象詞匯submergence 淹沒coral reefs 珊瑚礁, tundra 永凍土，boreal forest 北部森林inertia 慣性mitigation 減緩the Arctic region 北極地區the Antarctic region 南極地區ice cap 冰帽 ice sheet 冰原mass-balance of g

2、lacier 冰川的物料平衡/量ripple effect 波紋效應chain effect 連鎖反應low-carbon economy 低碳經濟assessment 評估vulnerable areasconcentration, carbon dioxide 二氧化碳濃度 ppmcarbon dioxide equivalent 二氧化碳當量North Hemisphere 北半球water scarcity, food security, epidemic 缺水、缺食、流行病scenario 情況，情景social check & balance 社會制約與平衡legislat

3、ion , jurisdiction and executive 立法、司法和行政mega-delta 大三角地區，巨型三角洲地區adapt to, adaptation frequency and severity 頻率和嚴重性polar areas 北極地區on the verge of extinction 滅絕Immune: 免疫Reduction of emissions 減排Interim target 中期目標Renewable energy: 可再生能源Geothermal：地熱能Ratify 批準KP Kyoto Protocol 京都議定書Carbon emissions

4、and Efficiency benchmark：碳排放能效對標Deforestation：濫砍濫伐Clean coal technology 清潔煤炭技術National capacity 國力Rigorous 嚴格的Common but differentiated responsibility：共同但有差別的責任Coal-fired Power Plants ( station) 火力發電廠Bring that .to fruition 取得成效Inaction：不作為Mandatory cap: 強制性的Forest cover 森林覆蓋率Interconnected Carbon m

5、arket Deploy low-emission technology 利用低排放技術Verifiable 可認證的Ministerial-level 部長級The Sign is clear 這一點很清楚media friends 媒體的朋友：glossy paper 銅版紙call upon 號召 water conservation benefits節水的好處 industrial water reuse and recycling工業中水利用 pollution fines 污染罰款 urban water conservation城市節水 water saving fixtures

6、節水裝置 regional economy 地區經濟diversification in port operation 港口經營多元化perform our duties and fulfill our obligations 責任和義務a well-known regional event of the industry 地區行業盛會initiating ports 發起港forest coverage森林覆蓋率 global warming全球變暖 principal element主要因素 toxic emission 廢氣排放 ignite the sparks of understa

7、nding 迸發出心靈的火花 建立合作橋梁build the bridge for cooperation 內容翔實substantial in content 能源大省major province of energy 日程緊湊tight in schedule 嚴重缺水城市a city of severe water shortage 有關單位units concerned 與比有差距compared with ,there is still some way to go 預祝圓滿成功wish a complete success 開源與節流并重broaden sources of inco

8、me &reduce expenditure 對外貿易港口seaport for foreign trade 國內生產總值National Gross Products 歡聚一堂merrily gather 活躍的經濟帶vigorous economic region 基礎雄厚solid foundation 留下最美好的印象may you have a most pleasant impression 盛世the grand occasion 祝愿在停留愉快wish a pleasant stay 綜合性商港comprehensive commercial seaport 春意盎然s

9、pring is very much in the air 把列為重要內容place as the priority 不放松工作never neglect the work 節約用水 water conservation 對表示衷心祝賀extend our sincere congratulations on 節約用水先進城市model city of water conservation 使取得預期效果attain the results expected 授予光榮稱號 confer honorable awards on 為而奮斗strive for 從大局出發proceed from t

10、he whole situation 財政政策financial policy 共同繁榮common prosperity 貿易投資自由化trade and investment liberalization 日新月異progress with each passing day 知識經濟knowledge economy環保:Environmental protection1. 保護和改善生活和生態環境 protect and improve the living environment and theecological environment2. 保護珍貴動植物 protect rare

11、animals and plants3. 普及環保知識 popularize environmental protection knowledge4. 增強環境意識 enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection5. 改善生態環境 improve the eco-environment6. 加強生態建設 improve the eco-construction7. 防治污染 prevent and control pollution8. 加強水

12、土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil9. 加強城市綠化 strengthen the greening of the city10. 提高環境管理水平 raise the environmental management level11. 享受國家一級保護 enjoy first-class protection of the State12. 加強環境保護 strengthen environmental protection 13. 保持生態平衡 keep ecological balance14. 創造良好的生態環境 creat

13、e a pleasant ecological environment15. 采用環保技術 adopt environmental protection technique16. 開展保護野生動物 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals17. 開展綠色活動 advocate green activities18. 為大量野生動植物提供棲息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants19. 為人類提供水和食物 supply wate

14、r and food for human beings20. 非常注重保護森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest21. 產生巨大的水文效應 produce great hydrological effects22. 引發一系列的問題 result in a series of problems23. 幫助減緩全球變暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming24. 保留為自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland 25. 提高居民的環保和生態意識 improve

15、 residents environmental and ecological awareness 26. 進一步加快環保規劃 further speed up environmental protection plans27. 完善城市基礎設施建設 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure28. 促進城市可持續發展 promote the sustainable development of the city29. 符合舉辦奧運會的要求 meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games

16、30. 擴建管道網絡 expand the pipe network31. 淘汰或改造燃煤鍋爐 eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers32. 禁止露天焚燒 prohibit burning out in the open33. 發展太陽能 develop solar energy34. 提高清潔能源的比重 increase the supply of clean energy resources35. 減少機動車輛 reduce the number of vehicles36. 使用清潔能源 burn clean fuel37. 實行嚴格的機動車排

17、放標準 implement strict vehicle emission standards38. 關閉化工廠 close chemical plants39. 減少浪費 reduce waste40. 加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control41. 治理沙地和水土流失問題 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion42. 加強珍稀野生動植物的保護工作 protect rare wild animals and plants43. 崇尚綠色生活方式 pursue a “green” life44. 使用再生紙 u

18、se recycle paper45. 參加環保運動 take part in environmental protection activities46. 堅持門前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area47. 參加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city48. 注重節約資源 attach importance to saving resources49. 采用新的開采方法 apply new exploitation methods50. 削減污物排放

19、decrease the disposal of pollutantsAlkaline batteries ：堿性電池Capacitor batteries：電容電池Carbon zinc batteries ：碳鋅電池 Lead acid batteries：鉛酸電池Lead calcium batteries：鉛鈣電池Lithium batteries ：鋰電池 Lithium ion batteries ： 鋰離子電池 Lithium polymer batteries： 鋰聚合物電池Nickel cadmium batteries ：鎳鎘電池 Nickel iron batteries

20、 ：鎳鐵電池 Nickel metal hydride batteries ：金屬氧化物鎳氫電池/鎳氫電池Nickel zinc batteries：鎳鋅電池Primary batteries ：原電池Rechargeable batteries ：充電電池 Sealed lead acid batteries：密封鉛酸電池Silver cadmium batteries ：銀鈣電池 Silver oxide batteries ：銀氧化物電池 Silver zinc batteries：銀鋅電池Zinc chloride batteries：銀氯化物電池Zinc air batteries：

21、鋅空電池Environmental Protection batteries:環保電池Taxation for environmental protection 環保總局environment-friendly hybrid vehicle 環保型混合動力車saving resources 節省資源green environmental protection 綠色環保economical and practical經濟實惠security assurance安全保障GPC=Green Products Committee綠色環保認證conservation   保護，保存

22、acid                 酸， 酸的 carbon            碳 petroleum      石油 ozone            臭氧

23、ooze              滲出， 滲出物 radiation        輻射 greenhouse     溫室 solar              太陽的 phenomenon   

24、  現象 deterioration  惡化 extinction     滅絕 drought        干旱 recurrent      反復發生的 inundate       淹沒 embankment     筑堤 sediment      

25、 沉積(物) delta          三角洲 alluvial       沖積的 dust-storm     沙塵暴 barren         貧瘠的，不育的，無效的 attributable   歸因于 deforestation  濫砍濫伐(森林) log  &

26、#160;         原木，日志 伐木 vegetation     植物，植被 habitat        棲息地 ecosystem      生態系統 demographic    人口統計的 counterbalance 使平衡，彌補 mechanism     

27、 機理，機制 precipitation  陡降，降水 circulation    流通，循環 meteorology    氣象(學) volcano        火山 eruption       噴發 granite        花崗巖 Celsius     

28、60;  攝氏的 Fahrenheit     華氏的 latitude       緯度 glacier        冰川 dump           傾倒，傾銷 contaminate    弄臟 recycle      

29、;  回收再利用 irreversible   不可逆的 reclaim        開墾，改造 contentious    有爭議的 prioritize     優先考慮中國生物多樣性保護行動計劃 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan中國跨世紀綠色工程規劃 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan國家環境保護總局 Stat

30、e Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)中國環保基本方針 Chinas guiding principles for environmental protection堅持環境保護基本國策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection推行可持續發展戰略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development貫徹經濟建設、城鄉建設、環境建設同步規劃、同步實施、同步發展（三同步）的方針 carry out a strategy of

31、 synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle)促進經濟體制和經濟增長方式的轉變 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth實現經濟效益、社會效益和環境效益的統一 bring about h

32、armony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection中國環保基本政策 the basic policies of Chinas environmental protection預防為主、防治結合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control污染者負擔的政策 “the-polluters-pay” policy強化環境管理的政策 policy of tighteni

33、ng up environmental management一控雙達標政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: “一控”：12種工業污染物的排放量控制在國家規定的排放總量 The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.; “雙達標”： 1. 到2000年底，全國所有的工業污染源要達到國家或地方規定的污染物排放標準 The

34、discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000. 2. 到2000年底，47個重點城市的空氣和地面水達到國家規定的環境質量標準 2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.對新項目實行環境影響評估 conduct enviro

35、nmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects提高全民環保意識 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public查處違反環保法規案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection環保執法檢查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection限期治理 undertake treatment

36、 within a prescribed limit of time中國已加入的國際公約 international conventions into which China has accessed控制危險廢物越境轉移及其處置的巴塞爾公約 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal關于消耗臭氧層物質的蒙特利爾議定書 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer生物多樣

37、性公約 Convention on Biological Diversity防治荒漠化國際公約 Convention to Combat Desertification氣候變化框架公約 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change生態示范區 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region國家級生態示范區（珠海） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region國家級園林城市 Nationally Designated Garden

38、 City對水質和空氣質量的影響 impact on the quality of the water and the air治理環境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control海藻 mostly in polluted waters)工業固體廢物 industrial solid wastes白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degrad

39、able plastic bags放射性廢料積存 accumulation of radioactive waste有機污染物 organic pollutants氰化物、 砷、汞排放 cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged鉛、鎘、六價鉻 lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium城市垃圾無害化處理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋場 refuse landfill垃圾焚化廠 refuse incinerator防止過度利用森林 protect forests from overexp

40、loitation森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤鹽堿化 soil alkalization農藥殘留 pesticide residue水土保持 conservation of water and soil生態農業 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture水資源保護區 water resource conservation zone海水淡化 sea water desalinization保護珊瑚礁、紅樹林和漁業資源 protect coral reefs,

41、 mangrove and fishing resource綠化祖國 turn the country green全民義務植樹日 National Tree-Planting Day造林工程 afforestation project綠化面積 afforested areas; greening space森林覆蓋率 forest coverage防風林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）速生林 fast-growing trees降低資源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation開發可再生資源 develop rene

42、wable resources環保產品 environment-friendly products自然保護區 nature reserve野生動植物 wild fauna and flora保護生存環境 conserve natural habitats瀕危野生動物 endangered wildlife珍稀瀕危物種繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center自然生態系統 natural ecosystems防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙） desertification環境負荷 carrying capacity of environment三廢綜

43、合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes先天與后天，遺傳與環境 nature-nurture美化環境 landscaping design for environmental purposes防止沿海地帶不可逆轉惡化 protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation環境惡化 environmental degradation城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization溫飽型農業 subsistence agriculture貧困的惡性循環 vicious cycle of

44、poverty大氣監測系統 atmospheric monitoring system空氣污染濃度 air pollution concentration酸雨、越境空氣污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions懸浮顆粒物 suspended particles工業粉塵排放 industrial dust discharged煙塵排放 soot emissions二氧化氮 nitrate dioxide (NO2)礦物燃料（煤、石油、天然氣） fossil fuels: coa

45、l, oil, and natural gas清潔能源 clean energy汽車尾氣排放 motor vehicle exhaust尾氣凈化器 exhaust purifier無鉛汽油 lead-free gasoline天然氣汽車 gas-fueled vehicles電動汽車 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars氯氟烴 CFCs溫室效應 greenhouse effect厄爾尼諾南徊 ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)噪音 noise （分貝 db; decibel）化學需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一個指標） COD；chemical oxygen demand生物需氧量 BOD; biological oxygen