1、LANGUAGE POINTSWarming up abstract adj.抽象的抽象的; 深奧的深奧的 n.摘要摘要 an abstract concept 抽象概念抽象概念 Her ideas seem a little abstract. 她的思想有點兒讓人費解。她的思想有點兒讓人費解。 Astronomy is an abstract subject. 天文學是一門深奧的學科天文學是一門深奧的學科。 To make an abstract of a speech 將演說作將演說作 一摘要一摘要 in the abstract 就一般而言，就一般而言， 理論上來講理論上來講abstra

2、ct sth from sth 從某物中從某物中提煉提煉出某物出某物我們將從理論上來考慮這個問題。我們將從理論上來考慮這個問題。We will consider this problem _ _ _.將一本書做成一個摘要。將一本書做成一個摘要。Make _ _ of a book.橡膠是從樹木提取的。橡膠是從樹木提取的。Rubber is _ from trees.in the abstractan abstract abstracted1. faith n.信任，信賴，信心；信仰，信條信任，信賴，信心；信仰，信條1)信念信念;信任信任,完全信賴完全信賴(+in) +that He alway

3、s puts his faith in the future. 他對未來總是抱有信心。他對未來總是抱有信心。2)信仰信仰;宗教信仰宗教信仰;信條信條(+in)People of every faith attended the mayors funeral. 信仰不同宗教的人士出席了市長的葬禮。信仰不同宗教的人士出席了市長的葬禮。 (L1)2. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. (L3)uThe bank refused to help the company; consequently, i

4、t went bankrupt.uAs a result of her mothers illness, she left school.uHer mother became ill; _ she left school. consequently(as a consequence)It rained that day and _ the baseball game was called off. A. however B. still C. so D. consequentlyD 3. During the Middle Ages, the main aim of the painters

5、was to represent religious themes. (L6)中世紀，畫家們的主要目的是表達宗教主題。中世紀，畫家們的主要目的是表達宗教主題。take aim at 瞄準瞄準aim to do 目的在于目的在于;sth. be aimed at sth./doing 旨在旨在; ; 針對針對with the aim of 有有的目的的目的without aim 無目的無目的地地, ,胡亂地胡亂地u這些措施旨在削減政府的開支。這些措施旨在削減政府的開支。uThese measures are _ _ government costs.uThe government has tak

6、en measures, aiming at a reduction in unemployment.u他沒有瞄準就開槍。他沒有瞄準就開槍。He fired _ _.u他的人生沒有目標。他的人生沒有目標。He has_ _ in life.aimed atwithout aim no aim4 4. . typical adj 典型的；有代表性的典型的；有代表性的 a typical British summer 典型的英國夏天典型的英國夏天 typical of 1)典型的典型的,有代表性的有代表性的This painting is typical of his early work. 這幅

7、畫是他早期的代表作。這幅畫是他早期的代表作。2) 特有的特有的,獨特的獨特的;表現特征的表現特征的It was typical of him to be so merciless. 只有他才會這么冷酷無情。只有他才會這么冷酷無情。1.In a _ display, colored streamers seem to race across the sky. 典型典型的一種現象是：彩色的光流劃過天際。的一種現象是：彩色的光流劃過天際。2.This chair is _ of Anthonys way of designing furniture. 這把椅子是安東尼式家具設計的這把椅子是安東尼式家

8、具設計的代表代表。typical typical 5.They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and other possessions. (L21)他們雇請著名藝術家來畫他們他們雇請著名藝術家來畫他們,及他們的住宅和其他的財產及他們的住宅和其他的財產。possession 擁有擁有, ,占有占有, ,所有所有, ,領土領土, ,領地領地, , 財產財產( (常用復數常用復數) ) u富人富人u個人財產個人財產u他放棄了這房子的所有權。他放棄了這房子的所有權。a man of great po

9、ssessionspersonal possessionsHe gave up _ of the house.Sbin possession of Sth 某人擁有某物某人擁有某物Sth.in the possession of Sb 為某人擁有為某人擁有Sth. in ones possession possess v. 他有兩輛汽車。他有兩輛汽車。 He possesses two cars. = He is in possession of two cars. Two cars are in the possession of him. = Two cars are in his pos

10、session.take / get possession of 占有占有6. by coincidence 巧合地巧合地 By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time. (L27) 7. In the late 19th century, Europe changed (L31).a great deal = a good deal (n./ adv.)a great deal of = a good deal of + 不可數名詞不可數名詞 (adj.) uHe ate _for supper yesterday.

11、uHe ran _ faster than me. uShe has _ experience. uI have _work to do.uHearing the news, I was _surprised.修飾可數名詞修飾可數名詞: : 修飾不可數名詞修飾不可數名詞 :many few/a fewa good/great manya large/ great/ big/ small number ofmany a +單單數名詞數名詞more than one +單單數名詞數名詞muchlittle/a littlea good/great deal ofa large amount of

12、(謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單單數數)large amounts of (謂語動詞用謂語動詞用復復數數) 修飾可數和不可數名修飾可數和不可數名詞詞:a lot of/lots of plenty ofa large quantity of (謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單單/復復數數)large quantities of (謂語動詞用謂語動詞用復復數數) A8. shadow-shadeAs the sun set, the became longer.Under the floodlight, each player in the football match has four .Lets find s

13、ome and take a rest.U任何遮住陽光的地方任何遮住陽光的地方影子影子9. There are modern art styles. (L50)scores of 很多很多, , 幾十幾十score 二十二十;(;(比賽比賽) )的得分的得分足球比賽的比分是四比一。足球比賽的比分是四比一。uThe score in the football game was 4-1.注意注意: scores of 前不能加數詞前不能加數詞; 數詞數詞+score, 后面后面of可加可加 ，可不加，可不加 。 u七十歲七十歲, , 古稀之年古稀之年u六十人六十人u我需要一打鉛筆我需要一打鉛筆.

14、(. (二十只鉛筆二十只鉛筆) )u他買了三打啤酒他買了三打啤酒. .u我們去廣州十幾次了我們去廣州十幾次了. . C10. The painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the objects. (L53)attempt 的同義詞是的同義詞是try, 前者較為正式。前者較為正式。attempt doing sth. 和和attempt to do sth.的的區別同區別同try doing

15、sth. 和和try to do sth. 一樣。一樣。 try to do sth=attempt to do sth try doing sth=attempt doing sth She attempted to lock the door. =She made an attempt to lock the door.uI passed the driving test at the first attempt. uattempted murder/robbery (有預謀的有預謀的) 他試圖打破世界記錄。他試圖打破世界記錄。He _ _ the world record.他試圖游過英吉

16、利海峽。他試圖游過英吉利海峽。He _ _ _ _ swim across the English Channel.attempted breakingmade an attempt toattempt to do=try to do 表示未知結果的或失敗的嘗試表示未知結果的或失敗的嘗試manage to do= succeed in doing 表示成功的嘗試表示成功的嘗試1. in the abstract 抽象地，理論上抽象地，理論上 abstract sth. from sth. 從從中提取中提取2. as well as 也，同，和；同也，同，和；同一樣一樣3. aim at sth

17、. 瞄準瞄準 aim to do sth. 意欲，企圖做某事意欲，企圖做某事 aim at doing sth. with the aim of 帶有帶有的目的的目的4. focus on=concentrate on 集中集中5. convince sb. of 使某人信服使某人信服6. a great deal 大量大量7. in the flesh 活著的活著的 本人本人8. take the place of sb. = replace 代替，取代代替，取代 take ones place 代替，取代；入座；就位代替，取代；入座；就位9. break away from 脫離，擺脫，放

18、棄脫離，擺脫，放棄10. at the same time 同時；但是同時；但是11. would rather do sth （主語）寧愿做某事（主語）寧愿做某事would rather sb. did sth. 寧愿某人做某事寧愿某人做某事(現在或將來現在或將來)would rather sb. had done sth. 寧愿某人做某事寧愿某人做某事(過去過去)12. as a consequence =in consequence = as a result 結果結果as a consequence of =in consequence of =as a result of 由于由于的

19、原因的原因13. in possession of 擁有擁有in the possession of sb =in ones possession為某人所擁有為某人所擁有take/ have possession of 擁有（占有）擁有（占有）14. consider doing 考慮做某事考慮做某事 consider sb./sth. to be/as consider that-clause 認為，看待認為，看待 consider it adj./n.to do sth.15. be well worth doing 值得值得(表被動表被動)16. be contemporary with

20、 與與屬同時期屬同時期17. convince sb. of sth 使某人確信使某人確信/明白某事明白某事 convince sb. +that clause 使某人相信使某人相信 convince sb.to do sth. 說服某人做某事說服某人做某事15. attempt to do sth. 企圖做某事企圖做某事16. on one handon the other hand 一方面一方面另一方面另一方面17. scores of 許多，大量許多，大量18. not onlybut also 不但不但而且而且19. every two years 每兩年每兩年 every secon

21、d year every other year20. be (well) worth n./doing(主動表被動主動表被動) 值得值得Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.1 excellent; splendid purpose; intention silly or unreasonable trust; strong belief easily noticed or understood traditionalsuperbaimridiculousfaithevident

22、conventionalFind the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.17. room or building for showing works of art8. based on general ideas rather than specific examples9. method of doing or performing something, especially in the arts or sciences10. the art of making figures, ob

23、jects, etc out of stone, wood, clay, etc galleryabstracttechniquesculptureComplete the passage below using the words in the box in the correct form.2ARE THOSE SUNFLOWERS A REAL PAINTING BY VAN GOGH? The most popular art style in Western countries is Impressionism. Many people would love to _ an Impr

24、essionist painting and spend _ of money to own one. _there are a lot of painters who can _ the art style of any famous Impressionist artist and produce unknown masterpieces. One such painter, Otto Wacker,_ to make a lot of money quickly and painted lots of masterpieces in the style of Van Gogh. pred

25、ict adopt attempt possess by coincidence a great deal on the other handpossessBy coincidencea great dealadoptattemptedComplete the passage below using the words in the box in the correct form.2ARE THOSE SUNFLOWERS A REAL PAINTING BY VAN GOGH?Many were considered to be Von Goghs own work by important art critics. On the one hand some of them were discovered. _some famous art critics wonder if there are many other masterpieces hanging on gallery walls. As a man looking after Van Goghs paintings said: I would not be surpr