1、人教課標人教課標 高一高一 必修必修 1 Unit 4Unit 4 Earthquakes1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.right away: at once; in no time; immediatelyright now: at this very momentMake up your mind _.Ill return the book _.right nowright away3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. smelly adj

2、. 發臭的發臭的 smell + y = adj. wind-windy dream-dreamy ice-icy health - healthy wealth - wealthy wind - windy smell n./v (smelt/smelled) They were all hungry and the food _ good. I can _something burning in the kitchen. Please throw the _ fish away.smeltsmellsmelly2. In the city, the water pipes in some

3、buildings cracked and burst. 【寓詞于境寓詞于境】 閱讀下列句子，并試著閱讀下列句子，并試著總總結結burst在句中的詞性、含義及用法。在句中的詞性、含義及用法。1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water.2) The police burst into the room and took the young man away. 3) Hearing the news, the woman burst into laughter.5) There was a burst of la

4、ughter in the next room. 4) She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised us.burst作作 _ 詞，意思是詞，意思是 _；burst into + a room, building, etc. 闖入，闖入，突然破門而入突然破門而入 burst into + n. 突然爆發，突然爆發，突然突然起來；起來；burst out doing突然突然burst作作 _ 詞，意思是詞，意思是 _（句（句5），還可指），還可指“爆裂；破裂之處，裂口爆裂；破裂之處，裂口”。動動爆裂爆裂, 突然突然名名突然一陣突然一陣He

5、 burst into laughter.= He burst out laughing.He burst into tears.= He burst out crying.用用burst或其短語的適當形式填空。或其短語的適當形式填空。 1) The plane crashed and _ flames.2) The dam _ because of the heavy rain.3) It looked as if Kate was about to _ _ tears.4) Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _ laughing.burst out

6、burst intoburstburstinto5. event 名詞名詞, 意為意為“(重要的、不同尋常重要的、不同尋常 的的)事件事件”。如。如： Leaving home was a major event in his life. This is one of the most important events in the history of mankind. event 意思還有意思還有“(事先安排好的事先安排好的) 演出演出, 賽事賽事, 聚會聚會”, “(體育比賽的體育比賽的)運動項目運動項目”等。如：等。如： The meeting was an important soc

7、ial event. The 800 metres is not his best event.event構成的常用短語有：構成的常用短語有： in any/either event = at all events不管怎樣不管怎樣, 無論如何；無論如何；in the event 結果結果, 到頭來；到頭來；in the event of sth/in the event that 萬一萬一, 假如發生假如發生的情況；的情況；field event 田賽項目田賽項目track event 徑賽項目徑賽項目three-day event 三日馬術賽。如：三日馬術賽。如：In any event,

8、the worst that she can do is to say “NO”.In the event of rain, the party will be held indoors.Lily didnt like Tom, but in the event she married him.He leaves a letter for me to read in the event that he will die.6. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 1) as if as if 在表語從句中相當于在表語從句中相當于that: It se

9、emed as if the meeting would never end. 看起來會議沒完沒了。看起來會議沒完沒了。It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end! as if 似乎似乎, 好像好像 = as though She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我說話的神情她和我說話的神情, 好像她早就好像她早就 認識我似的。認識我似的。 as if 后還可跟名詞、形容詞、不定式后還可跟名詞、形容詞、不定式 等。如等。如: He acts a

10、s if (he was) a fool. She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry. Tom raised his hands as if (he was going) to say something.用動詞的適當形式填空。用動詞的適當形式填空。It looks as if it _ (be) going to rain.He talks as if he _ (know) where she is.The girl listened as if she _ (turn) to stone. is/wereknowshad been

11、 turned2) at an end 意為意為“結束結束”。如。如：The war was at an end.I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.end用作名詞構成的短語用作名詞構成的短語:at the end (of) 在在末尾末尾by the end of 到到為止為止in the end 最后最后, 終于終于come to an end 完結完結at the end of 用于表示具體事物或場所用于表示具體事物或場所的場合的場合, 它也可以用來表示比喻意它也可以用來表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示

12、時間的場合到用于表示時間的場合到結束的時候結束的時候, 用于過去完成時態用于過去完成時態; in the end 意思意思“最后、終于最后、終于”。 用用end構成的短語填空。構成的短語填空。The cold weather at last stopped_ March.Our hunt for a cheaper but largerhouse is at last _.If you go on with work, youll succeed _.How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofat an en

13、din the endby the end of4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain statein ruins: severely damaged or destroyed 成廢墟成廢墟, 垮掉垮掉, 毀滅毀滅The company is facing ruin. The house has fallen into ruin.Smoking ruined his health.吸煙毀了他的健康。吸煙毀了他的健

14、康。She ruined his prospects.她毀了他的前途。她毀了他的前途。ruin 用作名詞用作名詞, 構成的常見短語有：構成的常見短語有： be on the road to ruin 正在走向毀滅、正在走向毀滅、be the ruin of 使使破產、身體垮掉、破產、身體垮掉、 名譽掃地名譽掃地be/lie in ruins 變成廢墟變成廢墟go to ruin = fall into ruin 衰落衰落, 敗落敗落 如如:The company cannot pay its bills and is on the road to ruin.Drinking was the r

15、uin of him.He had let the farm go to ruin.ruin還可作動詞還可作動詞, 意為意為“毀壞毀壞, 毀掉毀掉”，ruined作形容詞時作形容詞時, 只用在名詞前，只用在名詞前，意為意為“毀壞的毀壞的, 破敗不堪的破敗不堪的”。如：。如：This illness has ruined his life.The rain ruined my painting.When we got there, we saw a ruined castle. damage 指部分指部分“損壞損壞”、“損害損害”、“破壞破壞”或指使用價值有所降低。它可或指使用價值有所降低。它可

16、以用作動詞以用作動詞, 也可以用作名詞也可以用作名詞, 用作名詞用作名詞時常與時常與 to something 連用。連用。e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to his car. 辨析辨析: damage, ruin, destroy destroy 只能用作動詞只能用作動詞, 指徹底破壞指徹底破壞, 以以致不可能修復致不可能修復, 常作常作“破壞破壞”、“毀滅毀滅”解解, 也可以指希望、計劃等打破。也可以指希望、計劃等打破。e.g. The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ruin指對物體或生

17、命徹底的破壞，但指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打擊結果，常指對美好的或希望中的事物擊結果，常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。的破壞。e.g. The fire ruined the house. n. injury adj. injured the injured 傷者傷者, 傷員傷員an injured look/expression 委屈的樣子委屈的樣子/表情表情injured pride/feelings 受到傷害的自尊、情感受到傷害的自尊、情感He suffered serious injuries to the arms

18、 and legs.Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.injure: to hurt oneself/sb./sth. physicallyinjurehurtwound 三者都可表示三者都可表示受傷，傷害。受傷，傷害。injure 一般是指一般是指在事故中受傷，在事故中受傷，往往意為往往意為“外外傷傷”。 wound 一般指外傷，一般指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷等，尤如刀傷、槍傷等，尤其指在戰爭中，打斗其指在戰爭中，打斗中受傷。中受傷。hurt 可指對身體上的可指對身體上的傷害，也指對心靈造傷害，也指對心靈造成的傷害。成的傷害。

19、Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feeling.have hurtinjureinjuredwoundedhurt6. People were shocked.e.g. I was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.I was shocked at her smoking.shock v. （使）震

20、驚，使驚愕（使）震驚，使驚愕e.g. Whoever touches that wire can get badly shocked. e.g. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.shock v. 使受電擊使受電擊shock n. 震驚震驚e.g. An electric shock can kill you.shock n. 電擊電擊有類似用法的詞有很多，如：有類似用法的詞有很多，如：interest, frighten, excite, puzzle, satisfy 等。等。shock 有兩種分詞轉化成的形容詞

21、有兩種分詞轉化成的形容詞形式：形式：shocking令人震驚的令人震驚的(用來修飾物用來修飾物); shocked震驚的震驚的(用來修飾人用來修飾人)。 5. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.More than 61% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.以百分數作為主語的，謂語動詞是單數以百分數作為主語的，謂語動詞是單數還是負數取決于百

22、分數后面跟的名詞是還是負數取決于百分數后面跟的名詞是可數還是不可數的。可數還是不可數的。isare請根據提示完成下列句子。請根據提示完成下列句子。1) _ (三分之一三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls.2) _ (五分之三五分之三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night.3) _ (一半一半) of the desks in this school _ (make) in his company.4) _ (大部分的大部分的) of the lecture he made

23、yesterday _ (be) interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare madeMostwas5) _ (數萬數萬) people _ (dance) in the big square now.6) There were _ (一萬一萬) students taking part in the exam yesterday.7) _ (百分之九十百分之九十) of the mountain _ (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten tho

24、usand90% / 90 percent11. trap 1) 做動詞做動詞 traptrapped-trapped 困住困住, 使陷于困境使陷于困境 如如:1. Theres no way out! Were trapped!2. Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and mother. 誘騙誘騙, 誘使誘使 (trap sb into doing sth)”; 夾住夾住, 壓扁壓扁; 把把儲存儲存 如如: I was trapped into telling a lie.2. Take care not to trap your fingers

25、 in the door.3. How can you trap the suns heat?2) trap名詞名詞, 意為意為“圈套圈套; 陷阱；計謀陷阱；計謀”set/ lay a trap (for)為為設置陷阱設置陷阱fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套fall into the trap of doing sthkeep your trap shut不把不把說出去說出去, 不泄密不泄密 1. She felt that marriage was a trap.2. The police set a trap to catch the thief.3. Dont

26、 fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.4. Just keep your trap shut, and we wont get into trouble.根據括號內的提示完成句子。根據括號內的提示完成句子。1. I knew perfectly well _ (這是一個陷阱這是一個陷阱).2. By clever questioning, they _ (誘使他誘使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into14. dig out 挖掘挖掘; 發現發

27、現 1. to dig out the trapped miners挖救上來挖救上來2. to dig oneself out of the snow從從中爬出來中爬出來3. We dug out the truth from a mass of information. 從一堆資料中發現了真相。從一堆資料中發現了真相。The dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies.bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted tobury : A.

28、 to place in the ground B. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration; absorbshelter n. 庇護所，避難所，遮蔽物庇護所，避難所，遮蔽物 a shelter for the homeless In the storm I took shelter under a tree . v. 庇護，掩蔽，保護庇護，掩蔽，保護 The plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.fright n.受驚；驚駭受驚；驚駭The loud thunder gave me a fr

29、ight.這聲響雷嚇了我一大跳。這聲響雷嚇了我一大跳。frighten vt.嚇唬；使驚懼嚇唬；使驚懼He was frightened of the fierce dog.他讓這只兇猛的狗嚇怕了。他讓這只兇猛的狗嚇怕了。frightened adj.受驚的受驚的, 受恐嚇的受恐嚇的 to be frightened of the dark 怕黑怕黑frightening adj.令人恐懼的令人恐懼的a number of 修飾可數名詞的復數修飾可數名詞的復數, number 前可用前可用large, small, good, certain, great等修飾詞。當它修飾等修飾詞。當它修飾主

30、語時主語時, 謂語動詞用復數。注意謂語動詞用復數。注意:the number of 意為意為“的數量的數量, 數目數目”, 當它與后面的名詞連用時當它與后面的名詞連用時, 中心詞是中心詞是the number, 做主語時謂語用單數。做主語時謂語用單數。辨析辨析: a (great) number of; a great deal of; a lot of; plenty ofa (great) number of 修飾可數名詞修飾可數名詞, 跟復數形式跟復數形式; a great deal of 修飾不可數名詞修飾不可數名詞; a lot of 后面既可以加可數名詞后面既可以加可數名詞, 也可

31、以也可以加不可數名詞加不可數名詞; plenty of 后面既可以加可數名詞后面既可以加可數名詞, 也可以也可以加不可數名詞。加不可數名詞。6. judge n. 評委、裁判員、法官評委、裁判員、法官 He was a poor judge of man. 他看人的能力很差。他看人的能力很差。 The prisoner was taken to the judge. 他被帶到了法官那兒。他被帶到了法官那兒。 v. 斷定、判斷、判決斷定、判斷、判決 A blind man cannot judge colors. 盲人不能判斷顏色。盲人不能判斷顏色。 翻譯翻譯: 不要以貌取人。不要以貌取人。 D

32、ont judge a man by his appearance.1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.1) shake : vi /vt (shook, shaken) cause to move to and fro shake hands with sb shake ones head over/at sthe.g. The whole house shook during the explosion. The explosion shook the house.Language Po

33、ints2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. rise (rose, risen) vi go up; get higher; (of the sun, moon, stars, etc.) come above the horizon; stand up, get out of bed The flood has risen two feet. She usually rises early in the morning.rise: 升起升起; 上升上升; 上漲上漲 (不能

34、用于被動語態不能用于被動語態)raise: 舉起舉起; 使升起使升起; 提高提高 (可用于被動語態可用于被動語態)He _from his chair when the doorbell rang.Her job is _ chickens.Her temperature is still _.He _ in rank recently.roseraisingrisinghas risen12. People began to _ how long the disaster would last.wonder : v. 1) to have a feeling of surprise.2) t

35、o be filled with curiosity or doubt.n. one that arouses astonishment, surprise; admirationIt is no wonder (that)= No wonder (that)wonder-Tom often works deep into the night every day.-No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.13. All hope was not lost.allnot = not all; some but not all Not

36、all the children are left. (= Only some of them left early.)Not all the children are noisy.(= Some of the children are not noisy.) none of . None of us were allowed to go there.None of these reports is very helpful.1. invitation n. 邀請邀請invite v. a letter of invitation 一封邀請信一封邀請信2. give a speech 作報告作

37、報告/演講演講 3. Office of the City Government 市政府辦公室市政府辦公室 Words &. Expressions4. be pleased to do sth 愿意愿意/高興高興/樂于做某事樂于做某事5. the speaking competition 演講比賽演講比賽= be glad/happy to do7. be proud of you 以以而感自豪而感自豪I am proud of you.8. honour n./v. 榮譽、尊敬、敬意、榮譽、尊敬、敬意、紀念紀念我們應該尊敬父母。我們應該尊敬父母。We should honour o

38、ur parents. = We should show honour to our parents. honour sb. / sth. 尊重某人尊重某人/事事 show honour to sb. / sth. in honour of 為了紀念為了紀念這紀念碑是為紀念在戰爭中死去的戰士這紀念碑是為紀念在戰爭中死去的戰士而立的。而立的。The monument was built in honor of the dead in the war.9. have sb. do sth (主動主動) have sb. doing sth (主動主動/持續持續) have sth/sb done

39、(被動被動) I wont have you say such words. He had us laughing all through lunch. I will have my hair cut tomorrow.10. as you know 如你所知如你所知11. on that special day 在那個特殊的日子在那個特殊的日子9. write an article for 為為寫文章寫文章10. write an outline 寫提綱寫提綱11. disaster-hit areas 受災區受災區1. The sound of planes could be heard

40、outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. 這是一個復合句。主句是這是一個復合句。主句是 _ _ _，outside the city of Tangshan在主句中作地點狀語，在主句中作地點狀語，_引導時間狀語從句。引導時間狀語從句。 The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshanwhen【翻譯翻譯】 即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山市即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山市城外也可以聽到飛機聲。城外也可以聽到飛機聲。【仿寫仿寫】 即使事情老是不如

41、意，我的同即使事情老是不如意，我的同桌也從未放棄。桌也從未放棄。_My desk-mate never gives up even when things keep going badly.2. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 這是一個復合句。句子的主干是這是一個復合句。句子的主干是_。_引導非限制引導非限制性定語從句，修飾性定語從句，修飾people。But the one million people we

42、re asleep as usual that nightwho【翻譯翻譯】 但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當作一回事，當天乎都沒有把這些情況當作一回事，當天晚上照常睡著了。晚上照常睡著了。【仿寫仿寫】 但是，那位與我素不相識的年但是，那位與我素不相識的年輕人，那天就像我的親兄弟一樣幫助我輕人，那天就像我的親兄弟一樣幫助我擺脫了困境。擺脫了困境。_But the young man, whom I didnt know, helped me out like my own brother that day.3. It seemed as if the w

43、orld was at an end! 這是一個復合句。主句是這是一個復合句。主句是 _，as if 引導表語從句，其后從句中謂語引導表語從句，其后從句中謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。動詞常用虛擬語氣。【翻譯翻譯】 世界似乎到了末日世界似乎到了末日!【仿寫仿寫】 這場仗似乎老打不完。這場仗似乎老打不完。_It seemed It seemed as if the fight would never end. 4. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 部隊人員組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖部隊人員組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖 出來，將死者掩埋。出來，將死者掩埋。 句子的主干是句子的主干是The army organized teams, to dig out . and to bury . 這兩個不定式短這兩個不定式短語作目的狀語，語作目的狀語，who were trapped是定語從是定語從句，修飾句，修飾 _。 those【仿寫仿寫】 他們種下許多果樹，讓那些窮他