1、Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars一、單詞拼寫一、單詞拼寫 根據讀音、性和詞義寫出下列單根據讀音、性和詞義寫出下列單詞。詞。1._ n. 天文學家天文學家 2._ n.大氣層大氣層3._ adj.猛烈的猛烈的 4._ vt.&vi.使爆發使爆發5._ n. 系統系統 6._ adj. 有害的有害的7._ n. 發展發展 8._ _ adj.全球性的全球性的9._ vi.依靠依靠 10._ vi.存在存在 astronomer violentexplodedevelopmentglobaldependexist atmospheresyste

2、mharmful 11._ n.出席出席 12._ adj.失望的失望的13._ adv.逐漸地逐漸地 14._ n.重力重力15._ vt.減少減少 16._ vt.&vi.使高興使高興 17._ n.方法方法18._ adv.一般地一般地 19._ vt.耗盡耗盡presencedisappointed gradually gravity lessencheermethodgenerallyexhaust重點短語重點短語1 及時；最終，遲早2 下蛋3 分娩4 依次，輪流5 阻止；制止in timelay eggs give birth to in turn prevent.from

3、 6 擋住(光線)7 感到高興；感到振奮8 既然9 突發；爆發10 密切注視；當心；提防cheer up block out now that break out watch out (for) 二、單詞運用二、單詞運用 根據句子的結構和意義，在空格處填根據句子的結構和意義，在空格處填入一個適當的單詞，或者用括號中所給詞的適當形式填入一個適當的單詞，或者用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。空。 1. As a young man he didnt know he was _ world fame later on. (win)2. Most parents dont allow their chil

4、dren _ because it does harm to health. (smoke )3. he sent me a gift made me happy .4. he sent me made me happy .5. It is a surprise Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.to win to smoke That What that 6. A great dust cloud formed in the sky out the sunlight. ( block)7. The unive

5、rse began a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.8. As for me, you can pass the exam _on whether you will work harder than before .9. Zhang Ming as well as I the members of the foot team .both of us are of playing football.10. The rain prevent us from out for picnic this afternoon.blocking

6、 with will depend whetheris playing 11. in all directions _12. sooner or later _13.In a friendly atmosphere _ 14.lessen _15.be fundamental to _16. cool down _17. get the hang of _19. pull /push _20. at a time _每次每次, ,一次一次四面八方四面八方遲早遲早在友好的氣氛中在友好的氣氛中減少減少是是的基礎的基礎冷卻下來冷卻下來熟悉熟悉, , 理解理解拉拉/ /推推1puzzle vt. 使困

7、惑；使糊涂使困惑；使糊涂n. 難題；謎難題；謎puzzling adj. 令人困惑的令人困惑的puzzled adj. 感到困惑的感到困惑的puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔細琢磨苦苦思索；仔細琢磨puzzle sth. out 琢磨出琢磨出的答案；開動腦筋的答案；開動腦筋be in a puzzle about sth. 對某事迷惑不解對某事迷惑不解set a puzzle for sb.(set sb. a puzzle) 出個謎語叫某人猜出個謎語叫某人猜be puzzled by 被被迷惑迷惑即學即練即學即練3(1)Its quite _ _ _ us why h

8、e did that.他為何做那樣的事，他為何做那樣的事，我們完全搞不懂我們完全搞不懂。(2)This sentence _ me. 這個句子令我困惑這個句子令我困惑。(3)I _ _ how to solve the problem.我不知道怎樣解決這個問題我不知道怎樣解決這個問題。(4)The question is _ to me. 這個問題令我困惑這個問題令我困惑。 apuzzletopuzzleswaspuzzledpuzzling2exist vi. 存在；生存；維持生活存在；生存；維持生活existent adj. 存在的，現存的存在的，現存的existence n. 存在，生存

9、存在，生存There exists/existed.某地有某地有，存在存在exist in 存在于存在于之中之中exist on 靠靠為生為生exist by 靠靠生存生存come into existence 開始存在；成立開始存在；成立bring into existence 使發生使發生，產生產生即學即練即學即練2(1)_ always _ a force of attraction between two bodies. 兩物體間總是存在著吸引力。兩物體間總是存在著吸引力。(2)They _ _ very little food.他們靠極少的食物來生存他們靠極少的食物來生存。(3)Th

10、at word doesnt _ in English. 英語中沒有這個詞英語中沒有這個詞。Thereexistsexistonexist1.Please _ the book where it was.2.He _ in bed all day yesterday, and that was unlike him.3.The naughty boy _ to me that the hen _ there just now had _ two eggs 。4.Guangzhou _ in the south of China.中文中文動詞原形動詞原形三三 人稱單數人稱單數過去式過去式過去分詞

11、過去分詞現在分詞現在分詞撒謊撒謊 vi.lieliesliedliedlying躺、位躺、位于于 vi.lielieslaylainlying放置、放置、下蛋下蛋vt.laylayslaidlaidlayinglaylayliedlyinglaidlies3. in time/at a time/at one time/on time/in no time/at times/at no timein time及時；總有一天；終于及時；總有一天；終于on time按時按時at one time曾經，曾經，一度一度at a time一次一次，同時同時at times有時有時at no time決不

12、決不，在任何時候都不在任何時候都不in no time立刻立刻，馬上馬上1. (2010模擬模擬)_， I lost heart in English learning，but my teacher often said to me，“Keep on studying hard, and youll succeed_.”AAt a time；in timeBAt a time；on timeCAt one time；in time DAt one time；on timeC2(2009年江西景德鎮模擬年江西景德鎮模擬)Does he often ask you for help?Oh，no，o

13、nly_.Aall the time Bat one timeCat a time Dat timesD活用活用 用用time 的相關短語填空的相關短語填空(3)我馬上就回來。我馬上就回來。Ill be back _.in no time(4)每次服兩粒。每次服兩粒。Take two pills _.(5)從前他們在這些峽谷中采煤。從前他們在這些峽谷中采煤。_ they used to mine for coal in these valleys.at a timeAt one time 到了某人做某事的時間到了某人做某事的時間This is the first time sb have do

14、ne.是某人第是某人第次做次做(完成時完成時)each/every time(在從句中作連詞在從句中作連詞)每當每當，每次，每次Its time for sb to do sth.Its time that sb.did/should do sth. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. (98Sh)A.first time B. for the first timeC. the first time D. by the first time_ I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.A.Every

15、 time B. Every time that C. Each time when D. When that cA4in ones turn輪到某人；接著輪到某人；接著in turn依次；輪流；轉而；反過來依次；輪流；轉而；反過來by turns輪流；交替輪流；交替take ones turn輪到某人做輪到某人做了了take turns依次；輪班依次；輪班，輪流輪流on the turn正在轉變正在轉變，正在變化正在變化out of turn不合時宜地不合時宜地，魯莽地魯莽地練練4(1)The girls called out their names _ _.那些女孩兒逐一報出了自己的名字。

16、那些女孩兒逐一報出了自己的名字。(2)We make every effort to make more films, and _ _ this creates further environmental pollution.我們在竭力生產出更多的電影我們在竭力生產出更多的電影，反過來這又造成了進一步的反過來這又造成了進一步的環境污染環境污染。inturninturn(3)We kept watch _ _.We _ _ to keep watch.我們輪流守望我們輪流守望。byturnstookturns5prevent.from 阻止；制止阻止；制止stop sb. (from) doin

17、g sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事protect sb. from.保護某人不受保護某人不受侵襲侵襲，擋住擋住，防御防御keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事讓某人一直做某事練練5(1)What can we do to _ this disease _ _？我們能做什么來防止這種疾病蔓延呢？我們能做什么來防止這種疾病蔓延呢？(2)Dont _ others _ for long.不要讓別人等太久。不要讓別人等太久。 prevent/stop/keepfromspreadingkeepwai

18、ting提示：提示：(1)在被動句中在被動句中 from 均不能省略。如：均不能省略。如：We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain.大雨使我們無法外出。大雨使我們無法外出。(2)protect.from.中中 from后接能帶來傷害或損害之事物。如：后接能帶來傷害或損害之事物。如：They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他們擠在一起，免受風吹。他們擠在一起，免受風吹。6cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮感到高興；感到振奮cheer

19、 sb. up 使某人高興；使某人振奮使某人高興；使某人振奮cheer on 為為加油加油cheer sb. 為某人喝彩為某人喝彩with good cheer 欣然地欣然地Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒用于祝酒)練練6(1)_ _！ The news isnt too bad.振作一點吧！也不是什么太壞的消息。振作一點吧！也不是什么太壞的消息。(2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _.每次英國選手贏得賽跑冠軍每次英國選手贏得賽跑冠軍，觀眾就歡呼觀眾就歡呼。(3)The crowd _ their

20、 favourite horse _.觀眾都替他們看好的馬加油觀眾都替他們看好的馬加油。 Cheerupcheeredcheeredon7break out (戰爭、災難、瘟疫等戰爭、災難、瘟疫等)突發；爆發突發；爆發(無被動語態無被動語態)The Second World War broke out in September 1939.“二戰二戰”是是1939年年9月爆發的月爆發的。A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.昨晚居民區里發生了火災昨晚居民區里發生了火災。拓展：拓展：break away from 脫離脫離(政黨等政黨等)；

21、打破；打破(陳套等陳套等)break down 出故障，拋錨；出故障，拋錨；(計劃等計劃等)失敗；失敗；(身體、精神等身體、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等化合物等)分解分解break in 破門而入；闖入；打斷破門而入；闖入；打斷(話語等話語等)break into 破門而入，突然破門而入，突然起來起來break off 折斷；突然中止，斷絕，結束折斷；突然中止，斷絕，結束break through 突破突破break up 打碎，拆散；散開，解散；打碎，拆散；散開，解散；(學校學校)期末放假，期末放假，(集會集會)結束結束break into pieces 成為碎片成

22、為碎片練練7介、介、副詞填空副詞填空(1)She started to speak, then broke _ while a waitress served us with coffee.(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke _.(3)Her health broke _ under the pressure of work.offupdown8watch out 注意；當心注意；當心watch out(for) look out (for)密切注意；留神密切注意；留神take care 留神留神，注意注意be careful 仔細仔細，留神留神watch it 當心當心，小心小心watch over 照看；看守照看；看守keep a close watch/eye on 密切注視密切注視練練8(1)_ _！ There is a car coming!當心！有車來了！當心！有車來了！(2)_ _ _ cars while crossing the road.過馬路時要當心車輛。過馬路時要當心車輛。(3)_ _ not to catch a cold._ _ not to catch a cold. 當心別著涼當心別著涼。Wa