1、Qq2604130359本科畢業(yè)設計外文資料翻譯系別： 工程技術(shù)系專業(yè)： 機械設計制造及其自動化姓名：學號：2015年4月 1日外文資料翻譯譯文前橋一般位于汽車的前部，也稱轉(zhuǎn)向橋或從動橋。前橋是汽車上一個重要的總成件，主要包括轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)、轉(zhuǎn)向主銷、前梁等零部件。前橋是通過懸架與車架相連，用以承受地面與車架之間的垂直載荷外，還承受制動力和側(cè)向力以及這些力所構(gòu)成的力矩，并保證轉(zhuǎn)向輪作正確的運動。 車橋通過懸架與車架連接，支撐著 汽車大部分重量，并將車輪的牽引力或者制動力， 以及側(cè)向力經(jīng)過懸架傳給車架。在汽車使用中， 轉(zhuǎn)向橋的受力狀況比較復雜，因此應具有足夠的強度。為保證轉(zhuǎn)向車輪的正確定位角度，使操縱輕

2、便并減輕輪胎的磨耗，轉(zhuǎn)向橋也應有足夠的剛度。此外，還應盡量減輕轉(zhuǎn)向橋的重量。總之，由于在汽車的行駛過程中，前橋 所處的工作環(huán)境惡劣，工況復雜，其承受的載荷也多為交變載荷，從而其零部件 易出現(xiàn)疲勞裂紋甚至斷裂現(xiàn)象。這就要求其在結(jié)構(gòu)設計上必須有足夠的強度、剛 度和抗疲勞破壞的能力。前軸：是前橋的主要承重零部件，我公司有管式和鍛打式兩種結(jié)構(gòu)形式，但主要以鍛打式為主。前軸兩端各有一呈拳形的加粗部分作為安裝主銷的部位。中間部分的兩側(cè)為板簧支座面，用以安裝鋼板板彈簧及其附件。在此需要說明的是：U 型螺栓穿過前軸的安裝孔需要打緊下方的背緊螺母在 時，往往會出現(xiàn)套筒跟前軸背筋發(fā)生干涉的問題。為什么會出現(xiàn)該問題

3、呢？一是設計問題，因為前軸的背筋影響到前橋的載荷，因此必須保證一定的尺寸要求， 而如果前后U 型螺栓的距離設計的過小，沒有留出足夠的間隙裝配便會出現(xiàn)以上 問題。 二是工藝問題， 工藝問題有兩種情況。第一種是前軸背筋的對稱度不好或安裝孔的對稱度不好容易造成該問題；第二種就是有些主機廠為避免套筒的易損，沒有考慮到產(chǎn)品的實際情況而盲目加大套筒的外徑。主銷：是影響整車性能的重要零部件。主銷上有止動槽，銷鎖栓通過止動槽將主銷固定在前軸的主銷孔內(nèi)，使其不能轉(zhuǎn)動也不能軸向移動。節(jié)銷的加工精度要求很高，是我公司重點控制的零部件之一。轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)：轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)是前橋上主要的轉(zhuǎn)向件。它利用主銷和前軸鉸接并經(jīng)一對輪轂軸承承支撐

4、著輪轂組合，來實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)向的功能。制動器總成： 是實現(xiàn)車輪制動的主要元件， 有油剎和氣剎兩種形式。在車輛實施制動命令時，制動器的摩擦片通過擴張與制動鼓的內(nèi)加工面接觸產(chǎn)生摩擦力實現(xiàn)車輛制動。前橋制動器的選擇非常關(guān)鍵，如果選擇不當， 會出現(xiàn)前后制動力不匹配，制動力達不到要求等許多問題。輪轂組合： 主要通過兩滾動軸承安裝在轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)上，帶動車輪轉(zhuǎn)動。同時與摩擦片形成摩擦副，實現(xiàn)車輪的制動。 節(jié)臂：分直拉桿臂、 橫拉桿臂， 分別和直拉桿總成和橫拉桿總成相連。形成轉(zhuǎn)向 機構(gòu)和轉(zhuǎn)向梯形機構(gòu)。轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)來完成車輛的轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)向梯形決定了車輛的內(nèi)外轉(zhuǎn)角是否合理。 橫拉桿總成：是調(diào)整前束的主要零部件。桿身是由無縫鋼管制造，

5、 兩端是球形鉸接結(jié)構(gòu)的接頭總成， 通過螺紋配合后安裝在橫拉桿臂上，桿身可調(diào)，以便于調(diào)節(jié)前束。 前橋承受汽車的前部重量，把汽車的前進推力從車架傳給車輪，并與轉(zhuǎn)向裝置的有關(guān)機件作關(guān)節(jié)式聯(lián)系，實施汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向。前橋是利用它的兩端通過主銷與轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)連接，用以轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的擺轉(zhuǎn)來實現(xiàn)汽車的方向。為使汽車在行駛中具有較好的直線行駛能力，前橋應滿足下列要求：為使汽車在行駛中具有較好的直線行駛能力，前橋應滿足下列要求：1足夠的強度，以保證可靠的承受車輪與車架（或承載式車身）之間的作用力。 2正確的車輪定位，使轉(zhuǎn)向輪運動穩(wěn)定，操縱輕便并減輕輪胎的磨損。前 輪定位包括主銷內(nèi)傾， 主銷后傾， 前輪外傾和前輪前束。3足夠的剛度

6、，使受力后變形要小，保證主銷和轉(zhuǎn)向輪有正確的定位角度保持不變。 4轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)與主銷，轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)與前橋之間的摩擦力應盡可能小，以保證轉(zhuǎn)向操作的輕便性，并有足夠的耐磨性。 5轉(zhuǎn)向輪的擺振應盡可能小，以保證汽車的正常，穩(wěn)定行使。6前橋的質(zhì)量應盡可能小，以減少非簧載質(zhì)量，提高汽車行駛平順性。1.微型汽車前軸 1.微型汽車前軸微型汽車前懸架普遍采用了獨立懸架的結(jié)構(gòu)。前軸的載荷相對較小， 結(jié)構(gòu)也 較為簡單。 微型汽車前軸一般多為斷開式活動關(guān)節(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)，由前軸本體，左右橫 擺臂，加強桿臂等組成。2.轎車前橋2.轎車前橋轎車前橋采用麥弗遜式懸架。它承擔著驅(qū)動及轉(zhuǎn)向的雙重功能，懸架上端與車身相連，下端與車輪軸承殼體相連，

7、車輪的外傾是通過懸架與軸承殼體的連接螺栓來調(diào)整的，副車架利用彈性件通過控制臂，球鉸與懸掛相連，提高了行駛的穩(wěn)定性和乘坐的舒適性。3.越野車前橋 3.越野車前橋越野汽車的前橋負有轉(zhuǎn)向和驅(qū)動兩種任務，故稱為轉(zhuǎn)向驅(qū)動橋。它和一般驅(qū)動橋一樣，具有主傳動器、差速器和半軸。不同之處是，由于轉(zhuǎn)向的需要，半軸被分為內(nèi)，外兩段而用萬向節(jié)連接起來， 同時主銷也因而做成上下兩段。4.載重汽車前軸4.載重汽車前軸載重汽車前軸采用工字形斷面主要用以提高前軸的抗彎強度。上部有二處加寬平面，用以支承鋼板彈簧。前軸兩端各有一個拳形部分，其中有通孔，作為裝轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)主銷只用。主銷與左右轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)鉸接，用帶有螺紋的楔形鎖銷橫穿過與主銷孔

8、垂直通孔，靠鎖銷楔面將主銷固定在前軸孔內(nèi)，使它不能轉(zhuǎn)動。一般情況下，常見材料所需定義的材料特性包括：彈性模量、泊松比、密度、比熱、熱膨脹系數(shù)等。前橋主要由兩部分材料組成，即前軸和轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)等零部件材料。前軸的材料采用 45 號鋼，轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的材料采用40Cr。扭桿是汽車前獨立懸架中的關(guān)鍵件，屬細長桿件，其感應淬火處理是生產(chǎn)中的工藝難點， 該文介紹了扭桿的淬火感應器及其工藝試驗結(jié)果，確定采用半圈式感應器連續(xù)淬火工藝，這種處理方法能滿足扭桿技術(shù)要求和批量生產(chǎn)。該類鍛件在鍛造成型時，不僅需要較大的變形能，而且尚需一定的變形力，因此選用 J53 系列雙盤摩擦壓力機比較經(jīng)濟，該系列壓力機采用組合打滑飛輪，組合打

9、滑飛輪既能為高度變形較大的鍛件提供足夠的交形能，又能為鍛件提供必需的變形力， 且不致超負荷，該系列壓力機的設備投資、模具成本和鍛件成本均比模鍛錘和熱模鍛曲柄壓力機便宜一半多。目前，國內(nèi)汽車前軸機加工工藝流程主要有以下幾種：(1) 銑兩鋼板彈簧座平面；鉆兩鋼板彈簧座平面十孔；粗銑兩主銷孔上下端面；精銑主銷孔上下端面；鉆擴鉸主銷孔；拉削主銷孔；锪主銷孔上下端面；鉆鉸鎖銷孔。在該方案中，存在以下問題：采用主銷孔定位锪上下端面，端面與主銷孔的垂直度不易保證，主銷孔高度尺寸不易保證；以主銷孔定位鉆鎖銷孔時，鉆頭經(jīng)過十字相貫孔時，易出現(xiàn)單邊切削現(xiàn)象，生偏移，造成主銷孔與鎖銷孔中心距不易保證。(2) 銑兩鋼

10、板彈簧座平面；鉆兩鋼板彈簧座平面十孔；鉆鉸鎖銷孔一粗銑主銷孔上下端面；精銑主銷孔上下端面； 鉆擴鉸主銷孔。在該方案中，存在以下問題：因該工藝方法是采用先鉆鎖銷孔后鉆主銷孔，而主銷 -fL ：fL 徑及位置尺寸為關(guān)鍵尺寸，主銷精度不易保證；采用先精銑主銷孔上下端面后加工主銷孔，端面相對主銷孔的垂直度難以保證。(3) 銑兩鋼板彈簧座平面；鉆兩鋼板彈簧座平面十孔；鉆鉸鎖銷孔；粗銑主銷上下端面；鉆擴鉸主銷孔；精銑主銷孔上下端面。在該方案中，存在以下問題：主銷孔與鎖銷孔十字相貫孔尺寸公差 ±0 1mm 不易保證；采用鉸削主銷孔，其尺寸公差不易保證；最后精銑主銷孔上下端面。主銷孔與上下端面垂直度

11、不易保證；主銷孔長度尺寸不易保證。隨著我國交通運輸事業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，汽車運輸?shù)某休d重量和運行速度都在不斷增加。于是人們對汽車的安全運行也越來越重視，所以對汽車車橋的設計也提出了更高的要求。由于國外汽車發(fā)展起步早，技術(shù)投入大，因此在技術(shù)上遠遠領先國內(nèi)市場，當然也還有很多不足的地方，還需要改進，技術(shù)也還需要有所突破。汽車工業(yè)作為我國重點發(fā)展的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)， 其前景相當廣闊。 目前汽車零部件的生產(chǎn)有一定的潛力， 但大多數(shù)企業(yè)在產(chǎn)品研究，開發(fā)等環(huán)節(jié)存在一定的欠缺，尤其缺少產(chǎn)品的自主開發(fā)能力，不能適應系統(tǒng)配套，模塊供貨，難以參與國際分工。因 此，在今后的發(fā)展中，我國企業(yè)應積極吸收國際汽車先進技術(shù)，不斷完善自主

12、體系，如制動系統(tǒng)，轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)等，擴大該產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)品品種，提高整體技術(shù)水平，增強技術(shù)開發(fā)能力，促使企業(yè)更快的發(fā)展，適應汽車行業(yè)全球化趨勢。100 多年前，汽車剛剛誕生初期，其轉(zhuǎn)向操縱是仿照馬車和自行車的轉(zhuǎn)向方式，即用一個操縱桿或手柄來使前輪偏轉(zhuǎn)，從而實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)向。由于操縱費力且不可靠，以至于時常發(fā)生車毀人亡的事故。 第一輛不用馬拉的四輪車問世時，已經(jīng)把前橋和前輪組成一個總成，此總成安裝在曲軸上，可以繞前橋的中心的一個點轉(zhuǎn)動，利用一個桿柱,連接前橋的重點，通過地板往上延伸， 方向盤就緊固在桿柱上端，以此操縱汽車。 這種裝置在汽車車速不超過馬車的速度時，還是很好使的，但當車速提高后，駕駛員就要求提高轉(zhuǎn)向的準

13、確性，以減少輪胎的磨損，提高輪胎的使用壽命。1817 年，德國人林肯斯潘杰提出類似于現(xiàn)代汽車、將前輪用轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)與前梁連接的方式，他研制了一種允許汽車前輪在主軸上獨立回轉(zhuǎn)的結(jié)構(gòu)，這就是把車輪與轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)連接起來，轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)又用可轉(zhuǎn)動的銷軸與前軸連接，從而發(fā)明了現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)向梯形機構(gòu)。中國改革開放以來，在農(nóng)村實行家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責任制的改革，使農(nóng)村的經(jīng)濟空前活躍。農(nóng)村的貨運量和人口流動量急劇增加，加快了運輸機械化成為農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的迫切需要，也正是這一市場的需要使具有中國特色的運輸機械小型載貨汽車的應運而生。它解決了農(nóng)村運輸?shù)募毙瑁钛a了村際、鄉(xiāng)際，城鎮(zhèn)及城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部運輸網(wǎng)絡的空白，活躍了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟，為農(nóng)村富裕勞動力找了一

14、條出路，從而使數(shù)以萬計的農(nóng)民走上了小康之路。小型載貨汽車制造工藝簡單， 價格便宜， 購車農(nóng)戶一般在一年左右就可收回成本。另外，公路的快速建設也促進了小型載貨汽車的發(fā)展，目前全國98%的鄉(xiāng)村都通上了公路，使得全國小型載貨汽車有了用武之地。我們要開發(fā)的小型載貨汽車要多進行優(yōu)化設計，使產(chǎn)品新穎化， 品種多樣化以適應多種需要。 在小型載貨汽車的設計中， 如何在復雜的路況下保證汽車能快速平穩(wěn)的行駛，就是一個重要問題。于是就有了本課題的研究和設計。汽車前橋是行駛系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，它通過懸架與車架相連，兩端安裝汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向車輪，用于支持車架并傳遞車輪與車架之間的各種作用力，并驅(qū)使轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的擺動來實現(xiàn)汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向

15、。 利用鉸鏈裝置使車輪偏轉(zhuǎn)一定角度，以實現(xiàn)車輛轉(zhuǎn)向的車橋稱為轉(zhuǎn)向橋，一般汽車都以前橋為轉(zhuǎn)向橋， 本題前橋即為轉(zhuǎn)向橋。轉(zhuǎn)向橋不僅能使裝在前端的左右車輪偏轉(zhuǎn)一定的角度來實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)向， 還應能承受垂直載荷和由道路、制動等力產(chǎn)生的縱向力和側(cè)向力以及這些力所形成的力矩。 因此，轉(zhuǎn)向橋必須有足夠的強度和剛度。車輪轉(zhuǎn)向過程中內(nèi)部件之間摩擦力應該盡可能小，并且保證汽車轉(zhuǎn)向輕便和方向的穩(wěn)定性。轉(zhuǎn)向橋一般由前軸、轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)、轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)臂，轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)主銷及輪轂組成。前橋一般位于汽車的前部，也稱轉(zhuǎn)向橋或駕駛橋。是通過懸架與車架相連，用以承受地面與車架之間的垂直載荷外，還承受制動力和側(cè)向力以及這些力構(gòu)成的力矩，并保證轉(zhuǎn)向輪作正確的運動

16、。 在汽車使用中， 轉(zhuǎn)向橋的受力情況比較復雜，因此應具有足夠的強度。為保證轉(zhuǎn)向車輪的正確定位角度，使操縱輕便并減輕輪胎的磨耗，轉(zhuǎn)向橋也應有足夠的剛度。此外，還應盡量減輕轉(zhuǎn)向橋的重量。前橋承受汽車的前部重量，把汽車的前進推力從車架傳給車輪，并與轉(zhuǎn)向裝置的有關(guān)機件作關(guān)節(jié)式的聯(lián)系， 實施汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向。 越野汽車的前橋同時還承擔著與驅(qū)動后橋同樣的驅(qū)動任務。一般載貨汽車采用發(fā)動機前置后橋驅(qū)動的布置形式，故其前橋為轉(zhuǎn)向橋。汽車前橋設計時應保證有足夠的設計強度，以保證可靠的承受車輪與車架之間的作用力；保證有足夠的剛度，以使車輪定位參數(shù)不變；保證轉(zhuǎn)向輪有正確的定位角度，以使轉(zhuǎn)向輪運動穩(wěn)定，操縱輕便并減輕輪胎的摩

17、擦；轉(zhuǎn)向橋的質(zhì)量盡量小，以減輕非簧上質(zhì)量，提高汽車行駛平順性。外文原文Front axle general is in the front of the bus, also known as steering axle or drive bridge. Automobile front axle is the last important assemblies, including the steeringknuckle kingpin, steering, front beam and other components. Front axle through the suspension a

18、nd frame, used to support the ground and the frame between the vertical load, but also bear the braking force and lateral force and the force of torque, and ensure that the steering rotation right movement. The axle is connected with the frame through the suspension, support most of the weight of ve

19、hicle, and wheel traction or braking force, as well as the lateral force after suspension to frame. In the car used in the steering bridge, the stress condition is more complex, so it should have enough strength. In order to ensure the wheel turns to the correct positioning of angle, make manipulati

20、on of light and reduce tire wear, steering bridge should have enough stiffness. In addition, should also try to reduce the weight of the bridge. In short, becauseof the automobile in the running process of the front axle, the abominable working environment, complicated working condition, the load is

21、 alternating load, thus the parts easy to fatigue cracking and even rupture phenomenon. This requires that the structural design must have enough strength, stiffness and resistance to fatigue failure of the ability.The front axle is the main load-bearing parts: the front axle, my company has a tubul

22、ar and forging type two structural forms, but mainly to forging type mainly. The front ends of each with a fist shape bold part as the kingpin of the site installation. In both sides of the spring support for partial surface, used for the installation of steel plate spring and accessories. Need note

23、 here is: U type bolt passes through the front mounting holes need matter beneath the back nut in, often can appear with the front axle sleeve back band interference problem. Why can appear such problem? Design is a problem, because the front dorsal ribs affects front axle load, therefore must have

24、a certain size requirements, and if both before and after the U bolt distance design is too small, not enough gap assembly will appear above problem. Two technical problems, technical problems in two cases. The first is the front dorsal rib symmetry is not good or mounting hole symmetrical degree an

25、d easy to cause the problem; the second is that some host plant in order to avoid the vulnerable, without taking into account the reality of the product and blind to the sleeve outer diameter. Kingpin: is the impact of vehicle performance of main parts. Kingpin has stop groove, pin lock bolt through

26、 the stop groove masterPin fixed on the front axle kingpin bore, so that it can't move can not move axially. Knuckle pin machining accuracy is very high, my company is one of the parts of key control. Steering knuckle: steering knuckle is the main steering part of front axle. It uses the main pi

27、n and the front axle is hinged by a pair of axle bearing supporting hub combination, to achieve the function of turning. Brake assembly: is the realization of the wheel brake main component, a brake oil and gas brake two forms. Implemented in the vehicle brake command, brake friction plate through t

28、he expansion and brake drum machining surface contact friction realization of vehicle brake. Front axle brake option is very critical, if the choice is undeserved, can appear before and after the brake force is not a match, the braking force is not up to the requirements of many problems. Hub combin

29、ation : by two rolling bearings mounted on the steering knuckle, drive the rotation of the wheels. At the same time with the friction plate to form a friction pair, to realize the brake wheel. Arm: straight rod arm,tie rod arm, respectively, and a straight rod assembly and the tie rod assembly. Form

30、ed a steering mechanism and a steering trapezoidal mechanism. The steering mechanism to complete the vehicle steering, steering trapezoid determines the vehicle inside and outside corner is reasonable. The tie rod assembly: is to adjust the beam before the main parts. The rod body is made of seamles

31、ssteel tube manufacturing, both ends of the spherical hinge joint structure is the joint assembly, by a thread after the installation of the tie rod arm, the rod body is adjustable, so as to adjust the toe. Front axle under the front of the car weight, the car forward thrust from the frame to the wh

32、eel, and with the steering device arranged on parts make joint type connection, the implementation of the automobile steering. The front axle is the use of both ends of it through the main pin and the steering knuckle is connected to the steering knuckle, swing to realize vehicle direction.In order

33、to make the running vehicle has good linear driving ability, front axle should meet the following requirements: in order to make the running vehicle has good linear driving ability, front axle should meet the following requirements:1sufficient strength, in order to ensure the reliable bearing wheel

34、and frame ( or monocoque ) between the work force. 2 correct positioning of the wheels, so that the steering wheel movement stability, convenient operation and reduce tire wear. Front wheel positioning includes kingpin inclination, caster, camber and toe-in. 3sufficient rigidity, the force deformati

35、on small, ensure the main pin and a steering wheel positioned right angle remains constant. 4knuckle and master pin, steering and front axle between the friction should be as small as possible, to ensure that the steering operation for portability, and has sufficient abrasion resistance. 5 steering

36、wheel shimmy should be as small as possible, in order to ensure the vehicle normal, stable exercise. 6 front axle quality should be as small as possible, in order to reduce unsprung mass, improve vehicle ride comfort.1mini car front axle 1mini car front mini car front suspension generally adopt the

37、independent suspension structure. Front axle load is relatively small, the structure is simple. Mini car front axle usually disconnected movable joint structure, which is composed of a front axle body, strengthen the transverse swing arm, arm etc. 2 car front axle2 car front axle front axle suspensi

38、on with Mcpherson car. It bears the driving and steering functions, the suspension is connected with the vehicle body, and the lower end of the wheel bearing housing connected, wheel camber is through the suspension and the bearing shell of the connecting bolt to adjust, auxiliary frame through the

39、elastic part by controlling the arm, ball hinge connected with suspension, improve the driving stability and ride comfort. 3off-road vehicle front axle3off-road vehicle front axleOff-road vehicle steering and driving front axle has two tasks, it is known as the steering driving axle. And it generall

40、y drive the movable bridge, with a main driver, differential and the axle shaft. The difference is, due to the need, half shaft is divided into two segments, and by a universal joint, while the main pin are made under paragraph two. The 4truck front axle 4truck front axle truck front axle with I-sha

41、ped cross section is mainly used to improve the front bending strength. The upper two plus wide plane, to support the steel plate spring. The front ends each having a fist shape portion, which has a through hole, as a kingpin only. Main pin and left steeringknuckle hinge, with a threaded wedge pin c

42、rossed with the main pin hole of vertical through holes on the lock pin wedge surface, the main pin is fixed in the axle hole, so that it cannot rotate.In general, common material needed to define the material properties including: elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, density, specific heat, therma

43、l expansion coefficient. The front axle is mainly composed of two parts, material composition, i.e., front axle and steering knuckle such as zero Department of materials. The front axle is adopted as the material of45 steel, steering knuckle materials using 40Cr.Torsion bar of automobile front indep

44、endent suspension is the key component, is a slender rod, the induction quenching process is the manufacturing process difficult point, this paper introduces the torsion bar quenching inductor and its process test results, determined using half ring type inductor continuous quenching technology, thi

45、s method can meet the technical requirements and the quantities of torsion bar production.The forging forging molding, not only greater deformation, but also requires a certain deformation force,Therefore the selection of J53series double disc friction press comparative economics, this series press

46、combined slipping flywheel, combined slipping flywheel can provide highly deformed large forgings with enough to form, and can provide for forgings will required deformation capacity, and not to overload, the series press equipment investment, the cost of the mold and forging cost than die forging h

47、ammer and the forging crank press cheap cheap host. At present, the domestic automobile front axle machining process are the following: (1) of two plane milling plate spring seat; the drill two spring seat plane ten holes; the rough milling of two main pin hole of upper and lower end surfaces; the f

48、ine mill main pin hole of upper and lower end surfaces; the drilling and reaming main pin hole; the broaching the main pin hole; the main pin hole on the lower end of the countersink reaming pin holes;. In this scheme, the following questionQuestions:1 adopting main pin hole positioning countersink

49、on the lower end, and the end surface of the main pin hole verticality can not be guaranteed, the main pin hole size height can not be guaranteed to the main pin hole; the positioning of the drill pin hole, drill through the cross intersection holes, easy cutting phenomenon, students offset, causing

50、 the main pin hole and the locking pin hole center distance can not be guaranteed. (2) of two plane milling plate spring seat; the drill two spring seat plane ten holes; the drilling and reaming pin holes on the rough milling of a main pin hole on upper end; the fine mill main pin hole of upper and

51、lower end surfaces; the drilling and reaming main pin hole. In this scheme, there are the following problems: the process is used to drill the locking pin hole after the drill main pin hole, and the pin - fL: fL size and position size is the key size, kingpin is difficult to ensure the accuracy of t

52、he first; fine mill main pin hole of the upper and lower ends after processing the main pin hole, end relative to the main pin hole verticality is difficult to guarantee. (3) of two plane milling plate spring seat; the drill two spring seat plane ten holes; the drilling and reaming pin holes; the ro

53、ugh milling kingpin on upper end; the drilling and reaming main pin hole; the fine mill main pin hole on the lower end surface. In this scheme, there are the following problems : themain pin hole and the pin hole cross intersecting hole size tolerance of0.1mm is not easy to maintain; to adopt the re

54、aming main pin hole, the dimensional tolerances are not easy to be ensured; the final finish milling main pin hole on the lower end surface. The main pin hole and upper and lower end verticality is not easy to guarantee; the main pin hole size can not be guaranteed.Along with our country transportat

55、ion enterprise rapid development, auto transport carrying capacity and running speed are continually increasing with. So people to the safe operation of the automobile is more and more attention, so the automobile axle design also raised taller requirement. As a result of foreign automobile development starts early, technical inputs, thus technically far ahead of China market, but also there are many insufficient places, still need to improve, technology also needs a breakthrough. Steam car industry as our focus on the development of pillar industries, its pros