1、Unit1CultureIn-ClassReadingBridgingCulturalGapsGracefully從容得體地跨越文化溝壑1學習外語時，學會一些小詞組就能讓你不知不覺地進入另一種文化，而絲毫不暴露你作為一個外國人的身份，但你為什么總是學不會呢？每本漢語課本都一律從問候語開始，但是，作為美國人，每當我要送客出門時，我總是張口結舌說不出話。唐突地說聲再見是不行的，然而，這就是我從這些課本里所學到的一切了。因此我只能微笑著點頭，像個日本人似地鞠躬，并拼命地想找些話來說，以緩和離別的氣氛，使他們覺得我是真心歡迎他們下次再來。因此，我常?？课抑袊煞虻谋虮蛴卸Y來掩蓋自己的慌亂。2后來，通過

2、聽別人說話，我開始學會了一些使客人聽了舒服的言辭，才感到送客這項重要使命我不僅順利完成了，而且完成得很出色。3對中國人來說，送客需要有一定的禮儀和很多勝人一籌的本領。盡管沒有人期望我去遵守甚至了解所有這些規矩，但作為一個外國人，我不得不學會那些在送客時必不可少的表示客氣及推讓的話。4中國人覺得送客必須送到盡可能遠的地方一一送下樓梯到大路上，或者也許一直送到最近的公共汽車站。有時候，我等了半個小時甚至還要更長的時間才等到丈夫送客人回來，因為他一直把客人送到公共汽車站，并等到下一班汽車到站。5對不是特別重要或比他年輕的客人，我丈夫也許只是說：我不送你了，行嗎？”當然，客人會讓他相信從沒想過要麻煩主

3、人送他。別送我！別送我！”6這樣好倒是好，但當我成為被送的客人時，我的推讓總是無效；而且，女主人或男主人甚至他們兩人一定要送我到樓下，并陪伴我走好一段路，而每下一段樓梯我都照例說一遍不要麻煩，別送了”。如果我想走得快一點以免他們跟上來，那只會使他們更不舒服：他們得在我后面緊追。最好還是接受這不可避免的禮節。7再者，匆忙也是違背中國習俗的，因為匆忙”最要不得。你跟別人分別時說什么呢？慢走?！辈徽f再見”或祝一路順風”而是慢走”，對中國人來說，它的意思是小心”或腳下留神”或諸如此類的關照話，但其直譯是慢慢地走”。8同一個慢”字還被用于另一句客套話中，那就是在極其豐盛美味的一餐后，主人向客人（說怠慢了

4、”，）表示他是一個不稱職、招待不周的主人。9美國和中國的文化截然不同。當贊揚一個美國女主人的烹調技術時，她很可能會說：哦，你喜歡我就很高興。我是特地為你做的?！倍袊哪信魅司筒灰粯樱ㄍǔＪ悄兄魅俗鲆恍└唠y度的菜），他們會為沒有什么好吃的”，以及沒有合適的菜不成敬意而道歉。10同樣的規則也適用于對待小孩。美國的父母談起自己孩子的成就時十分自豪，會說約翰尼是如何如何成為校隊的一員，簡是如何被評為優秀生上了光榮榜。中國父母則不同，即使他們的孩子在班上名列前茅，也總是說他們非常頒皮”、不肯讀書以及從來不聽大人的話等等。11中國人以謙虛”為榮，而美國人則崇尚直率”。這種謙虛使許多中國人去美國人家里吃

5、飯時吃不飽，因為按照中國的禮節，任何東西需要再三推讓才能接受，而美國主人則認為不要”就是不要”，不管是第一次說、第二次說，還是第三次說。12最近，美國某大公司訪華團的一位成員向我抱怨說，關于他們愿不愿意修改某提議，中國人竟問了他們三次，雖然每次美國人都清清楚楚、斬釘截鐵地說了不”。我的朋友很生氣，因為中國人沒把他們第一次說的話當回事。我馬上就意識到問題所在，真奇怪這些美國人為什么沒在去中國之前徹底研究一下文化差異，那樣他們在談判中就可以免去很多困惑和挫折。13一旦你知道了客人所發出信號的意思以及如何回應，生活就變得輕松多了。當客人剛到的時候，我知道我應該馬上問他們要不要喝茶。他們會說：請不要麻

6、煩了?！倍@正是我該去泡茶的信號。After-ClassReading美國的進餐習俗1每個國家都有自己獨特的進餐習俗。美國人認為，作為一名有禮貌的客人，第一條規矩就是守時。如果一個人被邀請于六點半赴宴，女主人期待他六點半或稍晚幾分鐘到。因為通常是她做飯，她算好時間，以便客人到時能吃到新鮮出爐的熱面包卷、咖啡和肉。如果客人來遲了，飯菜就不那么好吃了，女主人會感到失望的。如果客人不能按時到，就應打電話給主人，說明理由，并告知什么時候能到。根據具體情況，客人有時會帶一盒糖果或一些鮮花，送給女主人以表謝意。2當客人們陸續到來時，如有女士進屋，在場的男士們應起身等女士入座后再坐下，這通常被視為是一種禮貌

7、的行為。然而，多數年輕人和一些年紀稍大的人，他們重視男女平等，不再遵守這一習俗。來訪的客人應留意各種情況，照著在場的美國人去做。3客人在餐桌就坐時，按照習俗男士應幫助女士推椅入座。有些美國人現在已不再這樣做了，所以來訪者必須留心別人的做法并效仿。如果宴會是在個人的家里舉行，在開始吃飯前，要避免（說話）尷尬，客人可以（自己不說）聽別人聊。有些家庭習慣飯前祈禱感謝上帝，有些家庭則沒有這樣的習慣。如果要做禱告，每個人都要靜靜地低頭坐著，直到禱告結束。如果主人家沒有這種習慣，聊天便不會中斷。4美國人與歐洲人使用刀叉的習慣不同。歐洲人右手拿刀，左手拿叉，吃東西時兩手都用。美國人則相反，盡可能只用一只手，

8、另一只手放在膝蓋上。他們要切肉時通常把叉換到左手。在不吃食物、喝咖啡或在面包上涂黃油時，他們把叉放在自己的盤子上。歐洲人更習慣于飯后喝咖啡，飯沒吃完刀叉就一直拿在手里。5由于美國人進餐時經常會放下刀叉等金屬餐具，一些習俗也隨之形成。把勺子留在湯碗里、咖啡杯里或其他盤子里都被視作不禮貌。勺子應該放在可以放平的地方（如咖啡勺放在杯托上，湯勺放在湯碗旁邊的托盤上，等等），而不放在桌布上。這樣做就不大可能把金屬餐具碰到地板上或把食物碰灑出來。另一個不同的習俗是美國人和歐洲人喝東西時都從湯勺的側面喝，而不是從前端。6美國人吃面包時不用刀叉，而是通常把面包掰開用手拿著吃。美國人用手拿著吃的東西還有玉米棒、

9、芹菜、蘿卜和橄欖。在美國，人們不用手來抓生菜吃，也不端起湯碗把碗底剩下的湯喝光。7如果客人在就餐時因故不得不離開餐桌的話，他（她）應該向女主人說：對不起，我能離開一會兒嗎？”進餐結束后，客人們應把餐巾放在桌上，然后起身?？腿瞬挥冒丛瓨影巡徒碚酆?，除非是暫住的客人，要住下來吃不止一頓飯。8飯后，客人通常再呆兩三個小時，但客人要考慮周到，注意不要因呆得太久而不受歡迎。出于禮貌主人也許會勸客人多呆一會，但多數宴請11點鐘左右就結束了。9按照習俗，客人臨走時應感謝女主人令他們度過了一個愉快的夜晚。你可以說一些表達感謝的話。通常的說法有：再見，你讓我來參加宴會真是太好了！”，或苒見了，今晚過得開心極了！

10、”，或謝謝，我過得很愉快！”對于那些比宴會更盛大的款待，如在主人家過夜或過周末，習慣上還應給主人寄一封感謝信。課內閱讀練習答案PartOnePreparationWhatTheyThinkofEachOtherSample?ThetwopassagesaretypicalstereotypesofAmericansandBritishpeopleandaresimilartowhatI'veeadfromsomeothersources.SometimesBritishpeopledohavemixedopinionsaboutAmericans.Beingtheworldleader

11、inmanyareas,theU.S.isasymbolofpowerandwealth,whileBritain,oncetheempireonwhichthesunneversets,isnowmakingslowerprogress.Sotheirjealousy,ifany,isunderstandable.Myexperienceswithpeoplefrombothcountriessupportsomeideasinthepassages.Forexample,quiteanumberofAmericansknowverylittleaboutthingsoutsidetheir

12、country.ThisisprobablybecausetheU.S.issostrongthatthewholeworldislearningfromitinmanyaspects,andtheseAmericansdonotseetheneedtolearnaboutothercountries.Ithinkthisisnotgoodforthem.Withtheworldbeingincreasinglyglobalizedandcompetitive,peopleneedtoknowaboutothercountriessotheycanstillhavetheircompetiti

13、veedge.ItisalsotruethatBritishpeople,comparedwithAmericans,aremorepolite;"gentlemanlike"isprobablyabetterword.?ItisinterestingtoreadaboutwhatAmericansthinkaboutBritishpeopleandviceversa.Iagreewithmostofthethingsmentionedinthetwopassages,buttherearethingswithwhichIdon'tquiteagree.First,

14、"BritishpeoplebelievethatAmericanshavenoculture,andethcaiptforafewintellectuals,Americansarenotveryinterestedinculture."ItistruethattheU.S.hasarathershorthistory,butthisdoesnotmeanthatAmericanshavenoculture.ThegreatmajorityoftheAmericanswereimmigrantsinhistory.Theyinheritedtheculturesofthe

15、countriesorregionstheycamefromandduringtheyearsofstrugglingtosettledowninthenewcontinenttheydevelopedtheirownculture.Forexample,theysharealotoffestivalswithothernationsorregionsandtheyalsohavetheirown.IhavemanyAmericanfriendsandobviouslytheycherishtheirowncultureandalsorespectotherculturesbecausethe

16、U.S.itselfismulti-national.Second,Americansthinkthat"TheBritisharesnobbishanddonotsvenyfriendly."AlthoughmostAmericansareopenandmostBritishpeopleareconservativeandreserved,thisdoesnotmeanthelatterarenecessarilysnobbish.MypersonalexperiencesshowthatitiseasierandfastertomakefriendswithAmeric

17、ans,butfriendshipwithBritishpeopleusuallylastslonger.TestingYourStereotypesSampleChineseAmericanstheBritishhospitable1adventurous1conservativemodest2creative2gentlemanlikeintelligent3straightforward3reservedhard-working4open-minded4humorouscreative5independent5mildself-confident6emotional6reliablewa

18、rm-hearted7imaginative7sinceregenerous8romantic8seriousWaystoLearnAboutaParticularCultureSample?Ithinkgoingtovisitacountryisanefficientanddirectwaytolearnaboutthecountryanditsculture.Asthesayinggoes,"Seeingisbelieving."Cultureincludescustoms,mulothifigod,andsoon.Whenyouareinthecountry,youw

19、illbeabletomeetpeoplethere,eatthefoodandbeexposedtotheirdailylives.Thiskindofpersonalexperienceiswhatyoucannevergetfromwatchingmoviesandreadingbooks.However,thiswayhasabigdisadvantage:ItneedsalotofMONEY,especiallywhentravelingtoadistantcountry.?Ienjoywatchingmoviesanddocumentariestolearnaboutthecult

20、ureofacountry.Readingisalsoagoodwayforthispurpose.Documentariesandmoviespresentuswithviewsofthecountry,whilebooksprovideuswithdetaileddescriptionsalongwithbeautifulillustrations.Allthesecanfireourimaginationandimaginingsomethingissometimesevenmorefascinatingthanactuallyseeingit.Besides,itcansaveusal

21、otofmoney.Documentaries,movies,andbookshaveabigdisadvantagetoo.Theycanonlygiveusvisualinformationinsteadofpersonalexperiences,andtolearnaboutacountryulture,we'needtofeelit,touchit,senseit,oreventasteit.?Tome,thebestwaytoexperienceacountry'scultureisthroughlecttoefacmdafkcewithnativesofthatco

22、untry.Onourcampus,therearemanyforeignstudentsfromvariouscountries,andIhavemadefriendswithalotofthem.Wegotomovies,playsports,attendparties,andcelebratetraditionalfestivalsofvariouscountriestogether.Fromthoseactivities'velearnedalotaboutculturesofdifferentcountries.Apartfromlearningtheircultures,I

23、alsoimprovedmyEnglishbytryingtounderstandthemandmakemyselfunderstood.Ofcourse,they'vealsoimprovedtheirChinese.However,there'sonebigdisadvantitageng：.istimeSometimesIfindmyselffailtofinishmyotherassignments.1 PartTwoReading-CenteredActivitiesIn-ClassReadingPost-ReadingReadingComprehension1Top

24、icsentence(Para.1):It'rstherdifficultforaforeignertoenteranotherculturewithoutallhisforeignnessbeingexposed.2 Supportingevidence:i APartingcustomsinChina(Paras.1-7)Onecustom:Thehostandhostessshouldsaytoguestswordsandphrasesthatwillsmoothoverthevisitors'leavingandmakethemfeeltheywouldbewelcom

25、etoagrrnie.Theauthor'obpm:Sheconstantlyfoundherselftongue-tied.Hersolution:Atfirstsheoftenhidbehindherhusbandandthenshegraduallypickedupthephrases.ii Anothercustom:Thehostandhostessfeeltheymustseeaguestofftothefarthestfeasiblepointexceptthoselessimportantoryoungervisitors.Aproblemshemetwithasagu

26、est:Shetriedtodiscouragethehostandhostessfromseeingheroff,butfailed.Herconclusion:It'sbettertoaccepttheinevitable.BChinesemodestyvs.Americanstraightforwardness(Paras.8-12)AtapartywhencomplimentedforcookingskillsAChinesehostorhostesswillappeartobemodestandapologizeforgivinganothingevenslightlyedi

27、bleandfornotshowingenoughhonorbyprovidingproperdishes.AnAmericanhostessislikelytosay,"Oh,I'msogladthatyoulikeditespeoikeyforyou.WhentalkingabouttheirchildrenChineseparentswillsaythattheirchildren,evenifatthetopoftheirclassinschool,arealwaysso"naughty",neverstocjyheverlisteningtoth

28、eirelders,andsoforth.Americanparentswillstraightforwardlyspeakproudlyoftheirchildren'sachievements.Hearingtheword"no"AChinesewillnottakeitthefirsttime.AnAmericanwilltakeittomean"no".3 Conclusion(Para.13):Lifebecomesmucheasieronceyouhavestudiedthoroughlyonculturaldifferences.2

29、1T2T3F4F5F6T7T8T3Asweknow,culturalchangesexistallthetime,sodoculturalgaps.Somegapsmentionedinthepassagestillexistbutothershavebecomenarrowerandnarrower.Forexample,seeingpeopleofftothefarthestfeasiblepoint,apologizingforaverydeliciousmealbysayingtheyhavepreparedverylittleandsaying"no"before

30、theyacceptanoffertoavoidcausingahyehr(th)e)host'ssidearestillwhatChinesepeopledonowadays.ButChineseparentswontoothersanym6retsaythattheirchildrenarealwaysnaughtyandtheyalsopraisethempubliclyfortheirachievements,thoughmodestyisstillconsideredtobeagoodtrait.Besides,Chinesepeoplearemuchmorestraight

31、forwardthanbeforenowandinmostcasestheywouldsaywhat'ontheirmind.Sonobodywouldgohungryasguestsnow.1 Yes.Examples:?WhenAmericansreceiveapresent,theywillunwrapitimmediately.ButtheChinesewillneverdothat.Theywillwaituntilthegiver/senderisgone.?Americanssay"Hello"toeachotherwhentheymeet,while

32、Chinesepeoplesay:you"Wheregoing?"or"Haveyoueaten?Ifit'mealtime.Butthisisnotalwaystrue.ManypeopleareinfluencedbyWesternculturesandtheywillsay"Hello"tooandbetgreeitircgssefriendscanbeverydifferent.?SometabootopicsinAmericanculturearenottaboosinChinainthestrictsense.Thesear

33、e:age(especiallyafemale'sage),salaryorincome,religion,maritalstatus,etc.Wheaomepeopledon'twanttotalkaboutanyofthesetopics,theycaneasilyavoidthatbygivinganintelligentbutambiguousanswer.Insuchcases,bothpartieswon'tfeelembarrassed.?Americansdecidebeforethemealwhowillpayforit,buttheChinesewi

34、llsaynothingbeforethemeal,andwhenitcomestopayment,everybodywillvolunteertopay,sothereusuallyalot'sofexpressionsofpolitenessandprotests.Itsoundsverynoisy.?Americans,orotherWesterners,valueprivacymorethantheChinese.Forexample,whensomeoneisdoingsomething,Chinesepeoplewouldprobablygocloserandseewhat

35、theyaredoing,butforeignerswillnotdothat.?Diningcustomsarealsodifferent.Atthedinnertable,someChinesemenmaytrytopersuadetheotherstodrinkasmuchaspossible,butAmericansorotherWesternersneverdothat.1 Vocabulary1saveAhelpsb.bymakingitunnecessaryforthemtodosth.theydon'twanttodoBkeepmoneysothatyoucanusei

36、tlater,especiallywhenyougraduallyaddmoremoneyoveraperiodoftimemissionAanimportantjobthatsb.hasbeengiventodoespeciallywhentheyaresenttoanotherplaceBagroupofimportantpeoplewhoaresentbytheirgovernmenttoanothercountrytodiscusssth.orcollectinformationdoAbesuitableoracceptableBcookexposeAleavesth.nolonger

37、coveredorprotectedBmakepublicsth.badordishonestmodestyAbehaviorinwhichoneavoidstalkingaboutthemselves,theirachievements,ortheirabilities,eveniftheyaresuccessfulBthequalityorstateofbeingnotlargeinsizeoramount,ornotexpensiveobserveAwatchsb.orsth.carefullyBobey(alaw,ruleorcustom)flightAasetofstairsbetw

38、eenonefloorandthenextBajourneyinaplaneorspacevehiclebowA(v.)bendyourbodyoversth.,especiallyinordertoseeitmoreclearlyB(n.)aknotofclothorstringwithacurvedpartoneitherside,usedespeciallyfordecorationpickupAliftsth.upfromasurfaceBlearnsth.bychanceratherthanbydeliberatelytryingtogetittakeAneedorrequireBu

39、nderstandorinterpretsth.inaparticularway2E2K3A4G5O6C7F8M9H10N11I12J13L14B15D3with2)arranged3)majority4)proportion/rate5)similar6)reaches7)including8)background9)parents10)whetherwho12)both13)meetings14)families15)dating16)before17)decision18)advice19)marriage20)rateTranslationIfyousingthesongseveral

40、times,thechildrenwillpickupthewords.2 Wetriedtoassurethenervousoldmanthatflying/airtravelwassafe.3 AninadequatesupplyofvitaminAmayleadtonightblindness.4 Icanuseacomputer,butwhenitcomestocomputerrepairing,Iknownothingaboutit.5 Manyamothertriestohaveherdreamsrealizedbyherdaughter.6 Thebadweatherdiscou

41、ragedpeoplefromattendingtheparade.7 Igavehimsomepillstoeasehispain.Thejobinvolvesworkingabroadthreemonthseachyear.PartThreeFurtherDevelopmentGrammarReview1noticing2supporting3solved4staringat5helping6running7goingon8removed9following10exposedVocabularyReview1Ainvolves/involved:Ifanactivityorsituatio

42、ninvolvessomething,thatthingispartofitoraresultofit.Binclude:containsth.aspartofsth.elseCinvolved:includeoraffectsb.orsth.2Ahaste:greatspeedindoingsth.,especiallybecauseyoudonothaveenoughtimeBhurry:(v.)osomewheremorequicklythanusual,especiallybecausethereisnotmuchtime.Churry:(n.)Asanoun,iti

43、softenusedinphraseslike"inahurrytharmeaning"morequsual"and"(therenos)urry"isusedtotellsomeonethattheydonothavetodosomethingquicklyorsoon.3Acooperation:asituationinwhichpeopleworktogetherforaparticularpurposeBcorporation:abigcompany,oragroupofcompaniesactingtogetherasasingleo

44、rganization4Arecognize:knowwhosb.isorwhatsth.is,becauseyouhaveseen,heard,experienced,orlearnedabouttheminthepastBrealized:knowandunderstandsth.,orsuddenlybegintounderstanditCrecognized:acceptoradmitthatsth.existsoritistrue5Asign:(n.)anevent,fact,etc.whichshowsthatsth.ishappeningorthatsth.istrueorexi

45、stsBsignal:(v.)makesth.clearbywhatyousayordoCsignal:(n.)asoundoractionthatyoumakeinordertogiveinformationtosb.ortellthemtodosth.Dsign:(v.)writeyoursignatureonsth.toshowthatyouwroteit,agreedwithit,orwerepresent6Apeculiar:strange,unfamiliar,oralittlesurprisingBparticular:(adj.)certain,specificC(inever

46、y)particular:(n.)(formal)(inevery)detail7Acustom:sth.thatisdonebypeopleinaparticularsocietybecauseitistraditionalBhabit:sth.thatyoudoregularlyorusually,oftenwithoutthinkingaboutitbecauseyouhavedoneitsomanytimesbeforeCcustom:(thesameasinA)8Apresent:(adj.)(memory)befeltstronglyorrememberedforalongtime

47、Bawarded:(v.)officiallygivesb.sth.suchasaprizeormoneytorewardthemforsth.theyhavedoneCpresented:(v.)givesth.tosb.,forexample,ataformalorofficialoccasionDaward:(n.)asumofmoneythatacourtortheauthoritiesdecideshouldbegiventosb.;sth.suchasaprizeormoneygiventosb.torewardthemforsth.theyhavedoneEpresent:(n.

48、)sth.yougivesb.onaspecialoccasionortothankthemforsth.ComparingDiningCustomsNote:AsdiningcustomsmayvaryfromregiontoregioninChina,onecangivedifferentanswersastowhichoneissimilarordifferentaccordingtothelocalorone'shometowncustoms.Americandiningcustoms:S1Beontime.Ifyoucannot,callthehostorhostess.1

49、Bringaboxofcandyorsomeflowers,dependingonthesituation.2 Standupwhenawomanenterstillsheisseated.3 Helpaladysitdownbypushingherchairunderher.4 Whenaprayerisbeingoffered,keepsilentwithbowedhead.5 Useonehandwheneverpossibleandkeeptheotheroneonthelap.6 Betweenbites,puttheforkontheplatewhiledrinkingcoffee

50、orbutteringbread.7 Putaspoonwhereitwilllieflat.8 Don'tusesilverwareforeatingbread.Holditinfingers,usuallybreakingitfirst.S10Ifyouwanttoleavethetableduringthemeal,saytothehostorhostess,"Wouldyexcusemeforaminute?”S11Stayfortwoorthreehoursafterthemeal.12Whenyouleave,thankthehostbysaying"G

51、oodbye.It'beenathoroughlyenjoyableevening.”OntheStageSample(AtWangYing'shome.)T=TinaW=WangYingT:Hello,WangYing.W:Hello,Tina.T:I'mtoldthatyougotmarriedafewdaysago.Congratulations!101CultureW:Thankyou.Wherehaveyoubeen?Icalledyou,butyouwerenotavailable.T:IamjustbackfromHubei.I'msorrytha

52、tIwasnotabletoattendyourwedding.Ihaveaboxofpearsforyou.Theytasteverygood.W:Pears?!Whydoyouwanttogivemepears?T:Iknowyoulikethem.W:Oh,that'sterribwishyouhadn'tdonethat.T:Why?What'swrongwiththat?Don'tyoulikethem?W:Yes,Ilikethem,butdoyouknowwhatsendingpearstonewlywedsmeans?T:Idon'tkn

53、ow.W:Itmeansyouwantthenewlywedstoseparate.T:I'mterriblysorry.Ididn'tknowit,andIdidn'tmeanthat.W:Nevermind,Iknowit'snotatabooinyourculture.T:Mayyoulivehappilyeverafter!W:Thankyou!HeavenandHellSampleWhatIgetfromthepoemaboutthepeopleinafewEuropeancountriesareasfollows:1 TheBritishpeople

54、arepolite,gentleman-like,butBritishfoodisprobablytheworstintheworld.2 TheFrenchpeoplearepoorinmanufacturing,butFrenchcuisineiswonderful.3 TheItaliansareromanticandtheyaregreatlovers,buttheyarenotwellorganized.4 TheGermansaregoodatmanufacturingandGermanproductsareofhighqualityandverypopularworldwide,

55、butGermansarestern,andsometimesstubborn.5 TheSwissaregoodorganizers,buttheyarenotromantic.TryingtoBeanEditorSampleDearMsWilliams,I'mgladtoknowthatyouwillbevisitingChinawithyourhusband.Chinaisacountrywhosepeoplearehospitableandgenerous,andrespectforeignvisitors.I'msureyouwillenjoyyourstathere

56、.Youmentionedthatwiveswerenotusuallyinvitedtosocialactivities.Thatusedtobetrue,butthingshavechanged.Nowveryoftenwivesarealsoinvited,especiallytobusinessdinners.Soyouwon'tstayinthehotelroomallthetime.Ofcourse,thereareoccasionswhenyouarenotinvited,likebusinesstalks,andwhenthathappens,arrangementsw

57、illalwaysbemadebyhospitableChinesehosts,suchassightseeing,shoppingorthingslikethat.Astoprotocol,Isuggestthatyou"doinRomeastheRomansdo”.Ithinkaynilingisthebesttogetalongwithpeoplewherevertheycomefrom.Besides,don'talktoomuch,whichmightseemtoooverpowering.LearningtospeakalittlebitofChineseandb

58、eingabletousechopstickswillcontributetoagoodbeginningwiththeChineseyouaregoingtodealwith.Ofcourse,therearemanyotherthingsyouneedtopayattentionto.HaveapleasantstayinChina.Sincerely,LiPingPartFourWritingandTranslationTranslationPractice1有志者事竟成。2亂七八糟3物以類聚，人以群分。4不火不相容。5有其父必有其子。6眼不見，心不煩。7天下沒有不散的宴席。8英雄所見略

59、同。9廚師多壞一鍋湯。10病從口入，禍從口出。WritingDiningCustomsinChinaSample1Everycountryhasitsownpeculiardiningcustoms.TheChinesefeelthatthefirstruleofbeingacourteousguestistobemodest.Whenapersonisinvitedtodinner,hewilldeclinefirstbecauseheisafraiditwillgivethehostandhostessalotoftroublepreparingforit.Asthehostkeepson

60、invitinghim,he'llthenacceptit.Usuallytheguestwillbringsomegiftstothehost,suchasfruit,flowersandwine.Thehostwillprotesthisdoingsoimmediatelybysaying,"Youshouldn'thaboughtthegifts.Youaretoopoliteandgenerous!"Whentheguestsitsdownandstartschatting,thehostofferssomethingsuchastea,candy,andfruit.Theguestalwayssays:"No,no,pleasedon'tbother.Iamnotthirsty",o