1、職稱英語閱讀理解技巧【2018年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類閱讀理解沖刺題練習(xí)】FindYourselfPackingIton?BlameFriendsObesitycallspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlikeavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocialw

2、orkof12,067peoplewhowerebeencloselyfollowedfor32years,from1971toxx.Theinvestigatorsknewwhowerefriendswithwhomaswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirfrien

3、dsalsobeeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors?Theanswer,theresearchersreport,wasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobeeobesewhenafriendbecameobese.Thatincreasedaperson"schancesofbeingobeseby57percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweight,however,andfamilymembershadlessinfluencethanfriends.Itdidno

4、tevenmatterifthefriendwashundredsofmilesaway,theinfluenceremained.Andthegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.There,ifonebecameobese.theotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbeingobese.too.Thesameeffectseemedtoourforweightloss,theinvestigatorssay.Butsincemostpeopleweregaining,notlosing,ov

5、erthe32years,meresultwas,onaverage,thatpeoplegrewfatter.Dr.NicholasA.Christakis,aphysicianandprofessorofmedicalsociologyatHarvardMedicalSchoolandaprincipalinvestigatorinthenewstudy,saidoneexplanationwasthatfriendsaffectedeachothersperceptionoffatness.Whenaclosefriendbeesobese,obesitymaynotlooksobad.

6、"Youchangeyourideaofwhatisanaeptablebodytypebylookingatthepeoplearoundyou."Dr.Christakissaid.TheinvestigatorssaytheirfindingscanhelpexplainwhyAmericanshavebeefatterinrecentyearseachpersonwhobecameobesewaslikelytodragalongsomefriends.Theiranalysiswasunique,Dr.Christakissaid,becauseitmovedbe

7、yondasimpleanalysisofonepersonandhisorhersocialcontactsandinsteadexaminedallentiresocialworkalonce,lookingathowapersonsfriendsfriends,oraspousessiblingsfriends.couldhaveaIlinfluenceonapersonsweight.Theeffects,hesaid,"highlighttheimportanceofaspreadingprocess.akindofsocialcontagion,thatspreadsth

8、roughthework."ofcourse,theinvestigatorssay.socialworksarenottheonlyfactorsthataffectbodyweight.Thereisastronggeicponentatwork,too.Sciencehasshownthatindividualshavegeicallydeterminedrangesofweights,spanningperhaps300rsopoundsforeachperson.Butthatleavesalargerolefortheenvironmentindeterminingwhe

9、therapersonsweightisnearthetopofhisorherrangeornearthebottom.Aspeoplehavegottenfatter,itappearsthatmanyareedgingtowardthetopoftheirranges.Thequestionhasbeenwhy.Ifthenewresearchiscorrect,itmaysaythatsomethingintheenvironmentseededwhatsomecallanobesityepidemic,makingafewpeoplegainweight.Thensocialwork

10、slettheobesityspreadrapidly.11 .Whohadthegreatestinfluenceonpeoplewhobecameobese?A.Theirfriends.B.Theirneighbors.C.Theirfamilymembers.D.Theircolleagues.12 、Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutafriendsinfluenceisfalseaordingtothereport?A.Friendshadmoreinfluencethanfamilymembersonpeoplewhobecameobese.B.E

11、venifthefriendlivesfaraway,theinfluencestillremained.C.Peoplewerenotlikelytoloseweightwhentheyhaveskinnyfriends.D.Thegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.13 、AordingtoDr.NicholasA,Christakis,whatistheexplanationforfriendsbeingthegreatestinfluence?A.Friendsusuallyspendalotoftimetogether

12、.B.Friendssharesimilareatinghabits.C.Friendsaremoreimportantthanfamilymembers.D.Friendsaffectedeachothersfeelings of fatness.14 、Whichfactorofbeingobeseisnotmentionedinthisreport?A.Socialcontact.B.Geicinformation.C.Lifestyle.D.Environmentalinfluences.15 、Inwhatwayisobesitycontagiousandepidemic?A.Socialworkslettheobesityspreadrapidly.B.1ndividualshavegeicallydeterminedrangesofweights.C.Obesitycaneas