1、助動詞用法助動詞(Auxiliary Verb) ： 協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞詞組的詞。自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。主要動詞(Main Verb) ：是 被協助的動詞，構成時態和語態。He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。( doesn't 是助動詞，無詞義； like 是主要動詞，有詞義)最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 等。基本助動詞只有三個：be, do, have他們沒有詞匯意義，只有語法作用，如協助構成進行時，完成時，被動態，否定句，疑問句等。1、 be 動詞的用法既可作系動詞

2、，又可作助動詞，做助動詞有人稱和數的變化，第一人稱用am,第二人稱及復數用are,第三人稱及單數用is， am,is 過去式為 was, are 的過去式為were,它與現在分詞構成進行時態和過去分詞一起構成被動語態。a. 表示時態be+doing（現在分詞）表示現在進行的動作He is singing. 他正在唱歌。b. 表示語態be+done（過去分詞）表被動語態He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。c. be+to do（動詞不定式）表示計劃安排命令。We are to plant trees next week. 下周我們將要去植樹。You are to exp

3、lain this 。對此你要做出解釋。2、 do的用法Do 主要幫助實意動詞構成否定和疑問句，后跟動詞原形，有時放在實意動詞前起強調作用，還可代替前文出現的動詞，避免重復。Do有人稱和數的變化，第一、二人稱及復數用do，第三人稱及單數用does，過去式為did。1）構成一般疑問句。DO +主語+動詞原形+其他I like singing 變為疑問句為Do you like singing ?2） do + not 構成否定句。主語+do +not +動詞原形。I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批評。He doesn't like to study

4、. 他不想學習。Many students didn t know the importance of Englibsehf ore.過去好多學生不知道英語的重要性.3）構成否定祈使句。助動詞用法Don't go there. 不要去那里。Don't be so absent-minded. 不要這么心不在焉。說明：構成否定祈使句只用do，不用did 和does。4)放在動詞原形前，加強該動詞的語氣。Do come to my birthday party please. 請一定來參加我的生日宴會。I did go there. 我確實去那兒了。I do miss you. 我

5、確實想你。我真想你了！5)用作代替動詞。Do you like Beijing?-你喜歡北京嗎？-Yes, I do. No,I don t.-是的，喜歡。( do 用作代動詞，代替like Beijing.)He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?他知道如何開車，對吧？3、 have 的用法Have+過去分詞構成完成時態I have studied english for a long time .情態動詞的基本用法歸納情態動詞有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, wi

6、ll(would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情態動詞無人稱和數的變化；不能單獨使用，必須與其后的動詞原形構成謂語。1) 表示能力Mary can speak three languages.Can you skate?此時可用be able to代替。Can只有一般現在時和一般過去式；而beable to 則有更多的時態。I ll not be able to come this afternoon.當表示 “經過努力才得以做成功某事”時應用 be able to，不能用Can。如：He was able to go to the pa

7、rty yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示請求和允許。Can I go now?Yes, you can. / No, you can t.此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could,might 代替，不是過去式，只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. ( No, I m afraid not. )3) 表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態度)，用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。Can this be true?This candboet

8、 dbn e by him.How can this be true?may, might1） 表示請求和允許。might 比 may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時可用cant 或 mustnt ，表示“不可以，禁止”。Might/ May I smoke in this room? No, you mustn t.May/Might I take this book out of the room?Yes, you can（.N o, you can t / mustn t. ）用 May I.？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語中更常見。2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

9、May you succeed!3） 表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。might 不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1 He may /might be very busy now.2 Your mother may /might not know the truth.三、 must, have to1） 表示必須、必要。You must come in time.在回答引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt （禁止，不準） ，而用needn t, don t hav（不必） e to .Must we hand in our exercise books today?Yes,

10、 you must.t. No, you don t have to / you needn2) must是說話人的主觀看法，而 have to則強調客觀需要。Must只有一般現在時，have to 有更多的時態形式。1 he play isn t interesting, I really must go now.2 I had to work when I was your age.3) 表示推測、可能性(只用于肯定的陳述句)1 You re Tom s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.2 Your mother must

11、be waiting for you now.四、 shall, should1) shall +動詞原形表示將來時態Shall we go shopping tomorrow?2) shall 用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。What shall we do this evening?shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。1. You shall fail if you don t w警告 ork h) ard.(2. He shall have the book when I finish it.允諾()3. He shall be punished.威脅(

12、)六、 will, would1) 表示請求、建議等，would更委婉。Would you like a cup of coffee? 你想要一杯咖啡嗎？2) will +動詞原形表將來時態He will come back next month . 他下個月將會回來。3）表示意志、愿望和決心。1. I will never do that again.助動詞練習題1 把下列句子變為一般疑問句。1. It is a lovely dog.2. She is lovely girl.3. We are classmates.4. I am a doctor.5. There is a bird

13、in the tree.6. They are good friends.7. I love my parents.9. We have a pleasant home.10. They go to church on Sunday.11. You are a singer.2. 用 do does be 填空1> she know all the answers ?Yes , she . No, she .2> the twins often fight ?Yes ,do. No, don t.3> your dad like listening to music?Yes

14、,does . No, doesn t.5> you have a new teacher?Yes , I . No, I .6>she a teacher?Yes, she . No, she .10> your father smoking in the living room?Yes, is .No, he .助動詞和情態動詞專項練習一、情態動詞的基本用法 Can John Smith his homework on time?A. finish B. finishes C. finishing D. finished She dare out by herself a

15、t night.A. go not B. not to go C. to not go D. not go You to the party tonight if you have something important to do.A. don t need comeB. needn t to comeC. needn t comeD. don t need comingWe ll be ready to leave at eight. Well, John must back by then.A. being B. is C. be D. to be Your grandmother th

16、e newspaper without glasses.A. can still read B. cans still readC. still can reads D. can still reads二、must, need, dare的用法 Must I get up early tomorrow, Dad? No, you . Tomorrow is Sunday.A. can t B. mustn t C. needn t D. couldn t Must we finish the book today? Yes, you .A. can B. may C. need D. must

17、 You play on the road. Its dangerous.A. mustn t B. may C. can D. must You return the book now. You can keep it until next week.A. can t B. mustn t C. needn t D. dare not I a sleeping bag becausIeve already got one.A. needn t have B. didn t have C. don t need D. need not Mr Smith a pen from Jack.A. m

18、ust to borrow B. had borrowedC. must borrowed D. had to borrow三、 can, could, may, migh的用法 t The man walk fast because he is lame in the right foot.A. must B. mustn t C. can D. can t Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you .A. will B. would C. must D. can A computer think for itself, it mu

19、st be told what to do.A. might not B. may not C. couldn t D. can t That must be a mistake. I don t think so. It a mistake.A. may be not B. needn t be C. cannot be He help crying at the news of his fathers death.A. couldn t B. shouldn t C. hadn t D. didn t “Now, all smile, please”? he asked.A. may yo

20、u B. do you C. shall you D. can you I haven t brought my dictionary with me. I use yours?A. Must B. Shall C. May D. Need四、 should, would, shall, wil的用法 l Must I copy the new words in class? No, you . You do it at home.A. needn t, mayB. mustn t, mustC. mustn t, mayD. needn t, mustn t Would you please

21、 not draw pictures on the wall? Sorry. I it again.A. am not doing B. don t do C. didn t do D. won t do21 .I open the window? Its so warm here.A. Shall B. Will C. Would D. Must22 .you like some oranges?A. Would B. Can C. May D. Must23 .Tom said that he apologize to Mary.A. would B. will C. shall D. i

22、s going to24 .“Do you think we turn back?” Jane asked.A. shall B. will C. should D. would He any help. He can do it all by himself.A. needs not B. needn tC. doesn t needD. doesn t need to ask Li Fang isnt in the classroom. He be at the library. Le ts go and find him.A. can B. must C. need D. should

23、May I have a look at your new watch ? Yes, you .A. can B. must C. need D. should Must I hand in the exercise book tomorrow ? No, you. You can hand it in the day after tomorrow.A. can t B. mustn t C. needn t D. couldn t There an English test next Monday.A. maybe B. was C. may be D. may You d better a

24、sk someone, or youget lost.A. may B. mustn t C. are going to D. can7.“Come on!” Peter called. “We stay here any longe” r.A. couldn t B. can t C. hadn t to D. mightn t8.Must Tom write it now? No, he .A. needn t B. can t C. must D. mustn t9.“ Have you seen Li recently?”“No, I think he must away on vac

25、ation”.A. being B. is C. be D. to be10.“All right. You if you don t want to.”A. don t need stayB. needn t stay C. needn t to stay D. dont need staying1： She to see documentarie（記錄片）s.A、 do want B、 don't wantC、 doesn't wantD、 not want2： Look at that picture on the wall. you like it?A、 Do B、 C

26、anC、 CouldD、 Are3： He like pears.A、doB、 isC、 doesn'tD、 not4： Do you often go to the cinemaSunday? No, we.A、 on, don'tB、 on, aren'tC、 in, do D、 in, don't5：Can you see a light on the table? Yes, .A、 I amB 、 I m notC、 I can D、 He isn6： Does the boy want to be an actor? .A、Yes, he isB、 N

27、o, he doesC、 Yes, he doesD、 No, he isn't7： he have any apples ?A、 Do B、 DoesC、 IsD、 Are8： She want to be a policewoman, because she thinksi t s kind of dangerous.A、isn tB、 aren tC、 don tD、 doesn t9： Why he have brown hair?A、do B、 doesC、 is D、 has10： What timehe get home every day?A、 is B、 doesC、

28、 do D、 am11： Whatyou see in the picture?A、 is B、 areC、 canD、 have12：Jacklike flying kitesthrowing a frisby.A、don't,or B、 doesn't, andC、 don't, andD、doesn't, or13： A： Jim a ball?B ： No, he.A、 Do, have, don't B、 Does, has, doesn'tC、 Is, have, isn't D、Does, have, doesn't

29、14： I have a watch.A、am notB、 doesC、 don't D、 doesn't15：you a good time on your vacation?A、 Did; have B、 Did; hadC、 Were; haveD、 Were; had16： Simon likes football, but he doesn t it well.A、play, plays B、 to play, plays C、 plays, playing D、 playing, play17： She have to wash the dishes now.A、

30、don't B、 notC、 doesn't D、 can't18： Colin Chinese history? Yes, he does.A、 Do; likeB、 Does; likesC、 Do; likes D、 Does; like19： Li Lei lunch at home.A、 hasn tB、 haven tC、 don t have D、 doesn t have20：Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick? John.A、 cleaned B、 doesC、 didD、 is21： you usually come to school by bike?A、 Don't B、 Doesn'tC、 Aren't D、 Isn't22：Wherelions come from? I think they come from Africa.A、 a