1、Module 1Wordsacross ancient architect boot continental face gallery France French Athens Greece Greek Rome Italy Italian landmark Lisbon Portugal Portuguese mountain range sculpture Madrid Spain Spanish (加單詞表里的詞)Phrases on/in/to the south of (接壤/在內部/強調方向)on/off the coast of 在海岸線上/遠離海岸的across the Cha

2、nnel 橫穿海峽/在海峽的另一面 be situated/located +地點 位于one of the most beautiful cities(名詞復數)the symbol of 的標志 the second largest city of Spainwork on 從事于 of all time 有史以來be known as/for/to 作為/由于/為所熟知ever since 自從一直 in terms of 就來說，據the head of state 國家元首 on the other hand 另一方面little by little 一點一點地，逐漸地 Gramma

3、r:1. 現在和過去時態的被動語態Eg: About a million tourists visit Florence each year. Florence is visited by a million tourists each year.2. 主謂一致1） 集合名詞 有family, team, class 等詞。 指個體或成員時，謂語用復數；指整體時，謂語用單數。2） 代詞either 只能指兩者中的一個；each 指兩者或兩者以上中的任一個； every 指三者以上中的每一個。Eg: There are trees on _ side of the street. 可填 eith

4、er / eachThere are trees on both sides of the street. There are trees on _ side of the square. 只能填everyThere are trees on all sides of the square. 3) 特殊結構 Neither nor (謂語選擇根據就近原則) Neither of （謂語用單數） None of (如of后的名詞是復數可數名詞，謂語可單可復；如名詞是不可數名詞，謂語只能用單數)Module 2Wordsattractive climate construction develop

5、ed country dirty education developing country fascinating freeway goal huge human development report hunger income industrial vast inhabitants measure polluted pollution population poverty reduce similarity tourism transport unfortunate Oceania medium-sized town twinning(加單詞表里的詞)Phrasesat the top of

6、 at the bottom of make efforts be connected withbe close to up to life expectancy in the middle of increase by/to (增加了/增加到) Sentence patternsWater is now mostly safe to drink.作比較的句型：much/little 修飾不可數名詞；many/few 修飾可數名詞more/fewer/less 分別是many, much/few /little的比較級Eg: Beijing has a lot more inhabitants

7、 than Sydney and is much more crowded.Grammar1）表轉折意思的詞有： but/however/whilebut是并列連詞，連接并列分句或并列的句子成分； however是個副詞，需用逗號將其同其他部分隔開，和but意思相同； while是個并列連詞，翻譯為“而”，常表示前后的對比。2）表讓步意思的連詞：although引導讓步狀語從句，翻譯為“雖然，盡管”，不能和but連用，但是可以和yet, still連用。Module 3Wordsash bury current disaster erupt feather flow fur lava lati

8、tude occur tidal wave tornado tropical volcano(加單詞表里的詞)Phaseson the same latitude a column of air pick up (卷起/撿起/收聽/習得/接人) take off (脫下) on average end up (以結束)set fire to sth=set sth on fire(使著火) catch fire（著火） manage to do（設法做到） put out(撲滅) take place(發生) a total of (總共) in total(總共) Sentence patt

9、ernsA tornado is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground.Hurricanes are strong tropical storms, and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.Grammar1.過去完成時的被動語態（ppp）判定原則是“過去的過去”。標志性詞有by the end of +過去的時間點2間接引語1） 時態的變化引語的句子的時態要根據主句

10、的時態往前推一個時態。如直接引語句子描述客觀真理，則間接引語的句子時態不變。2) 地點、時間和代詞的變化come-go here-there last week-the week before in the last twenty years- in the previous twenty years3) 語序變化（陳述句語序） Module 4Wordsatmosphere blow carbon dioxide chemical citizen coastal concerned cycle damage dig dust earthquake environment expert for

11、ecast frightening garbage last major melt pollution process recycle sandstorm sign situation survive the Poles urgent (加單詞表里的詞)Phrasescut down be caught in one after another have a bad effect on take in give out in a nutshell look through a mass campaign Inner Mongolia wake up to(意識到)Sentence patter

12、ns表達強烈的觀點的句型：I couldnt agree with you more.I think you are absolutely right.Its extremely serious.I have no idea.It couldnt be worse.Its absolutely hopeless.Grammar1. 不定式to do 一般式 to be done （發生在主句動詞后或同時發生）to be doing 現在式 （主句動詞發生時該動作正在發生）to have done 完成式 to have been done （發在在主句動詞之前）2. but的特殊結構but d

13、oI cant help but doI cant but do I cant choose but do can do nothing but + 動詞原形have no choice but to doModule 5Wordsa sense of responsibility afford bark belief chemist contribution duty equal found honesty spread justice kindness leaf leather look after material monk order philosopher philosophy pr

14、inciple print printing respect ruler spread teachings thinker war stress(加單詞表里的詞)Phrasesbe at war with bring up become interested in be proud of in conclusion for the first time from state to state be similar to follow sbs advice resign the position be different from in some ways follow sbs teaching

15、s to give an example if soSentence patternsThe reason why I is that Grammar限制性定語從句當一個從句充當定語修飾前面的名詞或代詞時，就被稱為定語從句。定語從句中有兩個關鍵概念：先行詞和關系詞（關系代詞和關系副詞）。關系代詞和關系副詞的選用根據先行詞在定語從句中的成分來確定。1. 當先行詞是人時， 關系詞可用who , whom , that. 其中，who, that可做主語，不可省略；三者都可做賓語，不能省略。Eg： Mr. Sun is the teacher who/that teaches me English.

16、 I dont believe the person whom/who/that I dont like. 2. 當先行詞是物時， 關系詞可用which, that. 兩者主語賓語都可做，但是做主語時，不可省略關系詞；做賓語時，可以省略關系詞。Eg: This is the book which/that interests me lot.This is the book which/that /( )I am interested in a lot. 注：當先行詞是以下情況時常用that作為關系詞：1） 當先行詞是all, everything, anything, nothing等不定代詞

17、或被first, last , only, few, much等詞以及形容詞最高級修飾時，關系代詞不用which，Eg:Is there anything that needs to be done now? 2) 當先行詞由人和物共同充當時，關系代詞一般只用that， Eg: We talked about the people and things that we remembered in middle school.3. 如果先行詞和定語從句中關系詞后的詞形成所屬關系，則選用whose 做關系詞。The girl whose hair is brown speaks good Engl

18、ish. 4. 如果關系詞在定語從句中做地點狀語、時間狀語、原因狀語時，關系詞分別用where, when, why 來充當。Eg: This is the house where the inventor lived.I will never forget the days when we visited the country.This is the reason why he was late for school.5. 在“介詞+which/whom”結構中，前者的先行詞是物，后者的先行詞是人，不能用that引導。Module 6Wordscanal carving civil cli

19、ff dam dream dynasty engineering generate gorge harness historical hydro-electric narrow power power station relic reservoir site structure submerge temple terminal suggest (建議/表明) freezing delighted fascinating exhausted ridiculous boiling astonished excellent enormous wonderful remove(移開/去除)(加單詞表里的詞)Phrasesdate from/date back to hold back come true make sense bring an end to end =bring sth to an end dream of the Grand Canal generate electricity global warming equal to live a life historical relics in the 1990s crash into Sentence patternsIt took six years to build and