1、Module 1 Unit 1 Grammar -Attributive clause（一）- 由關系代詞引導的定語從句學習目標：了解定語從句的含義，特點，分類，引導詞并掌握由關系代詞引導的定語從句教學步驟：Step I定語從句的含義及定語從句的特點：定語從句的含義：在含有主從句的復合句中，用來修飾限制句中的名詞或代詞的從句就是定語從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞，引導定語從句的詞叫做關系詞，關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞。定語從句的特點：定語從句通常緊跟先行詞，如果定語從句和先行詞之間被單詞，詞組，句子隔開，就稱為分隔性定語從句。Step 2 定語從句的分類：分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語

2、從句限制性定語從句對先行詞起到限制的作用，通常與主句緊密相連，譯為漢語時譯為“的”。非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的附加說明，它和主句往往用逗號分開，譯為漢語時定語從句和主句通常構成兩個并列句。Step 3 定語從句引導詞 關系代詞所指代（即先行詞）在定語從句中所作句子成分who人主語，賓語whom 人賓語which物主語，賓語that 人/物主語，賓語，表語whose人/物定語as人/物主語，賓語關系副詞所指代（即先行詞）在定語從句中所作句子成分when 時間狀語where 地點狀語why原因狀語Practice找出下面句子中的關系代詞和定語從句1. The woman who can spea

3、k Russian got the job.2. The woman whom we saw on the street got the job.3. As we all know, our school is 9 years old.4. This is the factory that I visited.5. His film which won several awards was about the life of Gandhi.6. He is the boy whose English is very good in our class.Step 4關系代詞的用法1. who指人

4、,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省 The man (whom/who I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.3. which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省 These are the trees which were planted last yea

5、r.This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?4. that 指人/物，作主語，賓語，表語(作賓語可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man (that I told you aboutHe is no longer the boy that he used to be .注意：首先

6、特別注意，that只能用在限定性定語從句中，在非限定性定語從句中永遠不能選用that, 另外介詞后邊也不可用that, 而是跟which。Is this the library from which you borrow books?注意點：that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。i. 先行詞是最高級形容詞或者它前面有最高級形容詞的時候This is the best that has been used against pollution.English is the most difficult subject that you

7、 will learn during these years.ii. 先行詞是序數詞，或者它前面有一個序數詞的時候He is the last person (that I want to see.It is the first American movie of this kind that Ive ever seen.iii. 主句已有疑問詞who或者which的時候Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?iv. 先行詞既有人又有物，宜用thatDo you know

8、the things and persons that they are talking about?The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.v. 先行詞是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing,none, the one等不定代詞時You should hand in all that you have.We havent got much that we can offer you.

9、I mean the one that you talked about just now.vi. 先行詞前面Only, any, few, little, no, all,one of, the same, the very 等詞修飾的時候The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher.Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.vii

10、. 有兩個定語從句，其中一個關系代詞已用which, 另外一個宜用that.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.that和which在指物時一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用which而不用that在非限定性定語從句中，只宜用which, 不宜用that.Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.在限定性定語從句中which和that在指代物的時候常常可以通用，但是有時只宜用w

11、hich而不用thati. 關系代詞前面有介詞的時候 This is the hotel in which you will stay.ii. 如果有兩個定語從句，其中的一句的關系詞是that, 另一句宜用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.who，that在很多情況下可以通用，但是有些情況只能用who:1.先行詞是one, ones, anyone的時候宜用who.One who has nothing to fear for oneself d

12、ares to tell the truth.The ones who flatter me dont please me.Dont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.2. 先行詞為those的時候，宜用who為關系代詞Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cl

13、oth.Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.3. 當先行詞有比較長的后置定語的時候I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese.4. 一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關系代詞為that,另一個則用who.The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.5. 在there be 開頭的句子中There i

14、s an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.5. 關系代詞whose的用法whose是代詞的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。當代物的時候，它相當于of which.I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Ill call a person whose father knows you.Which is the car whose owner you know? (Which is the car the owner of which you know?

15、Please show me the book whose cover is red. (Please show me the book the cover of which is red6. 關系代詞as 的用法as引導限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such, the same, so, as 修飾，即構成suchas , the same as, soas, 結構，做題時容易忽略。as在定語從句中應充當成分如：主語、賓語或表語。as 與which引導定語從句都能指代整句內容，但定語從句位于句首時，只能用 as, 意為“正如、恰如”。 It is such a big stone as nobo

16、dy can lift.As is known to all, he is the best studentStep 5 Consolidation一、用關系代詞填空1.  This is the man( _ wants to see you.2.  The student (_ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.  The man( _ you went to see has come.4.  The man (_ I met yesterday lent me some mone

17、y.5.  The woman (_ you saw is our geography teacher. 6.  The runner (_ you are asking about is over there.7.  The person (_ you should write to is Mr. Ball.8.  The man( _ was passing by saw what happened.9.    Here is the pen (_ _ you lost the day be

18、fore yesterday. 10.  These books (_ you lent me were very useful.11.  The storybook (_ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.  A dictionary is a book( _ gives the meaning to the word.13.  The book( _is on the tableis mine. 14.  The film (_ they are talking about is

19、very interesting.15.  Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer.16.  This is the person _ story surprised everybody.17.  Please pass me the book _ cover is black.18.  The student _ shoes are dirty played basketball so well.19.  Mr Lee _ son is my classmate is my English teacher20. He did all / everything _ he could to help me.21. This is the very thing _ I a