1、形容詞 / 副詞比較級最高級變化形式歸納大多數形容詞和副詞有比較級和最高級的變化，即原級、比較級和最高級，用來表示事物的等級差別原級即形容詞的原形，比較級和最高級有規則變化和不規則變化兩種。規則變化：單音節以及少數雙音節的詞后面直接加-er , -est原級比較級最高級如： tall-taller-tallest以不發音的e 結尾只加 -r ， -st“以輔音字母+y”結尾的詞改y 為 i ，再加 -er, -est如： easy-easier-easiestpretty-prettier-prettiest以一個元音加一個輔音字母結尾的單音節詞（即重讀閉音節詞），雙寫結尾的輔音字母er ，

2、-est如： Thin-thinner-thinnesthot-hotter-hottest特別提醒： new, few, slow, clean等詞含有字母組合，且發的是長元音，不用雙寫。大部分雙音節詞和多音節的詞( 即音標中含有三個或三個以上元音音素的詞) ，要在前面加more，most如 :beautiful -more beautiful-most beautiful特別提醒：以形容前綴un 構成的三音節形容詞不適合上述情況，如： unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest以形容詞 +ly 構成的副詞要在前面加more

3、 ， most如： Slowly-more slowly-most slowlyquickly-more quickly-most quickly特別提醒： early -earlier-earliest由 ing 分詞和 -ed 分詞演變過來的形容詞 ( 包括不規則動詞如 know known) 只能加 more 或 most 來表示它們的比較級和最高級。interesting-moreinteresting-mostinterestingexcited-moreexcited-mostexcitingtired-more tired-mosttiredboring-more boring-

4、most boring不規則變化原級比較級最高級good/well-better-bestbad/badly/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther/further -farthest/furthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldest特別提醒： further不僅可以指“距離更遠”，還可指“程度更深”。記住以下三個詞組：furtherstudy( 進修 )further education(繼續教育 )further information (進一步的信息)1 elder僅用于同輩之

5、間的排行，如: elder sister(姐姐 ) elder brother (哥哥 ) less 作為“更少”僅用來修飾不可數名詞，修飾可數名詞表示“更少”要用fewer 。以下內容不作為初中英語教學內容，僅供拓展之用。少數單音節詞前面加 more, most 構成比較級和最高級，這類形容詞一般為表語形容詞和由過去分詞變成的形容詞afraid -more afraid, most afraidtired - more tired , most tiredfond - more fond , most fondglad -more glad , most gladbored - more b

6、ored , most boredpleased- more pleased , most pleased 下 列 形 容 詞 和 副 詞 的 比 較 級 和 最 高 級 有 兩 種 形 式 ， 即 ： 既 可 加 -er/-est也 可 加more/moststrict, often, friendly, clever下列形容詞和副詞沒有比較級和最高（即表示“最高程度”或“絕對狀態”的形容詞和副詞沒有比較級和最高級）如：empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite,true, right, correct, extr

7、emely .比較應在同類事物之間進行。誤： Your English is better than me.正： Your English is better than mine.比較級前可以有一個表示程度的狀語，最常見的三大修飾詞是：a little, much, even。以下單詞也可用來修飾：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。My sister is a little taller than me.Their house is much larger than ours.另外，名詞短語也可修飾比較級，說明程度。I m three years olde

8、r than he.特別提醒： very, quite, too不可修飾比較級。避免重復使用比較級。誤： He is more kinder to small animals than I.正： He is much kinder to small animals than I.誤： He is more cleverer than his brother.正： He is cleverer than his brother.比較要符合邏輯，在同一范圍內比較時，避免將主語含在比較對象中，這時需使用 other 來排除自身。誤： China is larger that any country

9、in Asia.正： China is larger than any other country in Asia.誤： John studies harder than any student in his class.正： John studies harder than any other student in his class.正： John studies harder than any of the other students in his class.正： John studies harder than anyone else in his class.比較要遵循前后一致的

10、原則，注意前后呼應。2The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.序數詞通常只修飾最高級。Africa is the second largest continent.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson.為避免重復，我們通常用that, those

11、, one, ones代替前面出現的名詞。that代替可數名詞單數和不可數名詞，those 代替可數名詞復數。one 既可指人又可指物，只能代替可數名詞。The weather in China is different from that in America.The book on the table is more interesting than that(或 the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.誤： In winter, the weather of Beijing is

12、colder than it of Shanghai.正： In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.“否定詞+比較級”相當于最高級。-Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you?-I couldn't agree more. The idea sounds great to me.Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiestthin

13、g.比較級前一般不加冠詞。但表示兩者中較突出者，且比較級后又有名詞或出現了 of the two ，這時比較級前一定要加 the 。He is the taller of the two.Of the two jobs， he chose the harder.Which is the younger one, Lily or Lucy?試比較：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters.She i

14、s the taller of the two sisters.不含 than 的比較級前可加不定冠詞修飾，構成“ a/an+ 比較級 +單數可數名詞”表示“一個更的人 / 物”。Why dont you use a sharper knife?你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢？比較級than后應用人稱代詞的主格，但非正式語體中常用賓格。He is taller than I/me.為避免重復，比較級中同樣的動詞用助動詞do, does, did替代。I spend less time doing homework than John does.She tells more funny jokes

15、 than we do.以下內容不是初中教學的重點，僅供拓展之用。形容詞most 前面沒有the ，不表示最高級的含義，只表示“非?！?。It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.3倍數表達法 A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大（高）/ 這座新樓比那座舊樓大（高）三倍。

16、 A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大/ 亞洲比歐洲大三倍。 A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學校比我們的學校大三倍。用 times 表倍數通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或 double.形容詞副詞比較級最高級重點句型歸納句型一：

17、形容詞或副詞比較級+than 注意事項：該句型為比較級的最基本句型。只要看到than ，即可確定前面使用比較級。He is taller than I am.The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl.句型二： less +形容詞的原級+ than注意事項：該句型表示“不如、不及”，特別需要注意的是，less本身就是little的比較級，后面必須跟形容詞的原級，否定就造成了比較級的重復使用。This computer is less expensive than that one.句型三： as + 形容詞或副詞的原級+ as注

18、意事項：該句型表示對比的兩者程度相當，as 之間必須跟形容詞或副詞的原級，決不能使用比較級。此外，還要確定使用形容詞還是副詞。確定的依據就是根據第一個as 前的動詞，如果是系動詞（如 be，感官動詞look, sound, smell, taste, feel等），那么就用形容詞的原級，如果前面的動詞是一般的實義動詞，那么就必須用副詞的原級修飾動詞。This lesson is as easy as that one.Lucy talks with old people as politely as her sister.特別提醒： as as 之間也可以跟名詞，句型如下： as + 形容詞

19、+ a/an +單數名詞 +asHe is as kind a person as his father.他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。 as + many/much+ 不可數名詞 / 可數名詞復數+asI can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少紙，我也能。I have as many books as you do.我的書和你的一樣多。We ll give you as much help as we can.我們將盡我們所能給你幫助。其它幾個關于as as 的句型： as as one can：盡其所能He began to run as fast

20、as he could. as as possible：盡可能4Please helpusas quickly as possible. as soon as 一就He will call me as soon as he comes here.句型四： not as/so +形容詞或副詞的原級+ as注意事項：該句型表示“前者不如后者”，往往可以與句型一和句型二替換。第一個as 可以換為so。This classroom is not as bright as yours.I cannot run as fast as you.句型五： the + 形容詞或副詞最高級+ in / of /

21、among +比較范圍注意事項：如果這里為副詞最高級，前面的the 常常省略。介詞in 和 of 的用法完全不一樣。in 表示“在某一范圍內”，如：in the classroom， in the world。 of 表示“在同類之間”，of 后面的詞與主語同類，另名詞前一般有冠詞the 。 among表示“在（三者或三者以上）之間”，among后接代詞或沒有修飾語的名詞。The Changjiang River is the longest river in our country.Peter is the tallest of the six students.This picture i

22、s the most beautiful among these.句型六： one of +形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數形式注意事項：one of 有三大考點： 1. 后跟形容詞最高級； 2. 后接可數名詞復數形式； 3. 作主語時主語為one，謂語動詞用單數形式。One of the smallest dinosaurs was about one metre long.句型七：比較級+and + 比較級 / more and more +多音節詞的原級注意事項：該句型表示“越來越”，如果該形容詞比較級構成形式加er ，則用前面的句型；如果該形容詞比較級加more 構成，則用后面的句型。It

23、is getting hotter and hotter.The girl is becoming more and more beautiful.句型八： the + 比較級 + , the +比較級 +注意事項：該句型意思為“越就越”，表示兩種情況同時變化。The more you eat, the fatter you will be.In the test, the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.句型九： be different from注意事項：該句型沒有運用比較級，但也是對兩者事物進行比較。注意前后比較需在同類事物中進行。My schoolbag is di