1、Unit5 被動語態(一)一般現在時的被動語態語態是用來表示主語和謂語之間的關系。英語中有兩種語態，一種是主動語態，表示主語是動作的執行者；另一種是被動語態，表示主語是動作的承受者。試比較下面的例句：1. The English teacher often praises Lisa for her excellent work.(該句為主動語態，主語the English teacher是動作praise的執行者，賓語Lisa是動作praise的承受者。)2. Lisa is often praised for her excellent work by the English teacher

2、.(該句為被動語態，主語Lisa是動作praise的承受者，動作的執行者the English teacher由介詞by引出。)被動語態通常由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成，主要用于以下幾種情況：1.強調動作的承受者。如：The English-Chinese dictionary is used by most students.2.不知道動作的執行者。如：The book was published (出版) last year.3.沒有必要提及執行者。如：Such things are not done twice.4.被動語態的使用往往受上下文和語境支配。在一個句子中有時為了避

3、免中途變更主語而不得不使用被動語態。如：Jack played Mike at ping-pong and (Jack) was easily beaten.5.有些動詞習慣上常用被動語態。如：Tim is thought to be the best student in our class.被動語態可用于多種時態，本單元我們先學習一般現在時的被動語態。一、一般現在時被動語態的構成：be (am / is / are) +及物動詞的過去分詞如：The book is written in Chinese.The book isnt written in Chinese.Is the book

4、 written in Chinese?Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.What language is the book written in?二、如何將主動句(含“主+謂+賓”句型的句子)變為被動句主動句： John helps me.被動句： I am helped by John.這一基本句型變為被動句時，先將主動句中的賓語變成被動句中的主語(賓語如為人稱代詞，須將賓格變為主格)，然后根據這個主語選用相應的助動詞be (am / is /are)，然后將主動句中的謂語動詞變成它的過去分詞形式，再將主動句中的主語置于介詞by之后(如為人稱代詞，須將主格變為賓格)，最后

5、將句中的其他成分加上即可。【運用】.改為被動語態。1. My parents grow vegetables every spring._2. Does Linda water the flower every day?_3. My uncle keeps a cat and a dog._.單項選擇。1. Claudia, are you going to Jeff s birthday party on Saturday? (2014湖北黃岡)Unless I _.A. will be invited B. am invitedC. was inviting D. invited2. Th

6、e pet dog is warm and loving. It _ as a daughter of my family.(2014河北)A. treats B. treatedC. is treated D. was treated3. Every day, too much water _ in our school. We should save it. (2014陜西)A. is wasted B. wastesC. was wasted D. wasted4. Good news! Self-driving cars will come into use in one or two years. (2014湖北宜昌)Really? Were expecting to see how they _.A. are making B. are madeC. make D. will make答案. 1. Vegetables are grown by my parents ever