1、附錄外文參考文獻(xiàn)Modern logistics development City is the concentration of modern logistics, is the commodity distribution and processing center, and logistics facilities and infrastructure is complete, the circulation of human capital in high concentration, consumption and demand, transportation and informa

2、tion developed, therefore, the modern logistics is bound to the city as the center, by the corresponding multistage regional market space formed by the market structure, superior market space structure on industry configuration in order to produce huge attraction. City development can drive circumja

3、cent area prosperity to development, thus forming an organic commodity circulation system.The construction of small and medium-sized city modern logistics system's important meaningOne, improve the investment environment of the city, better participate in international division of labor. In the

4、global industrial transfer process, more and more enterprises to realize, any enterprise can not in all business is one of the world's most outstanding enterprises, only complementary advantages in order to enhance competitive actual strength. Therefore, some international outstanding enterprise

5、s strategic alliance. This alliance is around core business, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, the end-user in a chain-like structure, integrated logistics management to all enterprises in the supply chain as an integral whole, promote each enterprise group procurement, production a

6、nd sales of coordinated development. Therefore, the logistics has become the globalization of production and sales in the process of an important value-added services, logistics management has become the domestic and international two markets, two kinds of resource coupling together an indispensable

7、 key link, constructing efficient international logistics system has become the city of comprehensive intervention in international division of labor of the bridge and catalyst.Two, optimize the supply chain management, establishes the enterprise development the cornerstone of battle. As consumption

8、 level rise ceaselessly, the diversification of products and product updates speed to be accelerated ceaselessly, enterprise production organization flexibility, flattening, network trend more obvious. With competitive price, at the right time, place, provide the right products to the enterprise dev

9、elopment is essential. Manufacturers through distributors, retailers and timely understanding of user needs, comprehensive, accurate, dynamic grasp the product flow condition, and to adjust marketing strategy. Through the inventory cost, transportation cost and management cost balance optimization,

10、with the lowest total cost of supply of market demand, already became an enterprise to develop the market, occupational market premise and safeguard.Three, expand the city radiation range, forming the center city function. Along with our country opening to the outside world deepen further, to small

11、and medium-sized city as the center of the region economy has entered the international division of labor in the inner potential. At the same time, the modern logistics system building process is essentially circulation system, circulation channel to build process. Modern logistics system will chang

12、e the traditional manufacturing enterprises - distributors - retailer of traditional circulation mode, and turned to the production of Enterprises - the new circulation mode of retailers, this will greatly promote the new commercial city such as goods shopping malls, shopping centers, supermarket ca

13、binet, chain operation, agent system, distribution system and other industry arisen with development, make the city commercial radiation scope gradually expanded, and the logistics development will bring tremendous business opportunities; capital flow, logistics, information flow, as the center city

14、 function have important guiding role.To the city for modern logistics center constructionCity Logistics Center 's service area is divided according to the principle is" economic area" rather than on" Administrative Region", although the two may appear some kind of coincidenc

15、e and consistent, but it is two different concepts. Unlike the administrative division of economic region has a specific limits, economic regional boundaries are fuzzy, is a transition zone, which formed the economic openness. Another difference between them is an administrative division in the natu

16、ral terrain, population, rich products, transport conditions and administrative effect of such factors as the basis, has a relatively long term stability, and the economy development of the region is very active. Logistics center according to the administrative area division, strengthen the administ

17、rative intervention force, often against the laws of the market action, market operation will be restricted badly. According to the regional economic development of logistics center is to adapt to the development of productivity, reflects the natural resources endowments, economic development and la

18、yout condition, commercialize degree and other aspects of development, but also reflects the logistics center of the integrity and openness.In the" Nine Five" plan and 2010 distant view target, the government on how to further speed up the logistics development has put forward specific pla

19、nning and requirements, mainly: to build a batch of global sex, the key of logistics infrastructure, transform and build a batch to have the modernization level of the warehouse and distribution center, strengthen content to shed level of management. In the layout, the government should make logisti

20、cs city function is an organic part of overall planning, avoid to repeat construction, waste of resources or because of unreasonable selection caused traffic transport" bottleneck" phenomenon.According to the traditional classification methods, logistics center can be divided into circulat

21、ion distribution center, processing and distribution center distribution center three major types: (1) circulating distribution center. Often used to provide inventory replenishment, therefore, should give full consideration to market factors, geographically located close to the main customer sites,

22、 their size depends on the required delivery speed, average size of the order and the unit cost of land use. (2) processing and distribution center. As the assembly processing and centralized transportation production material base, the distribution center is the basic reason to support manufacturin

23、g plant, in order to concentrate transport rates will mix the product to the customer. (3) storage distribution center. In buyer's market, there is a strong function of the distribution center storage generally have larger inventory support enterprise product sales; in a seller's market, ent

24、erprises of raw materials, spare parts supply have larger inventory support, this supply distribution center also has a strong storage function. Our country at present the distribution center, mostly adopts centralized inventory, inventory of larger, more storage type. The logistics distribution cen

25、ter for an extensive inventory of varieties to provide centralized transportation, with the minimum total cost of the method for determining the location of. Small and medium-sized city modern logistics system framework One, logistics park should be intensive variety of logistics facilities, logisti

26、cs line intersection; with intensive, regulation, transport, concentration inventory, the integrated function such as information hub. It established the main requirements are: close to the port, airport, railway marshalling station, around the expressway network, there must be more than two modes o

27、f transport are connected; price low, appropriate setting away from the downtown area. Two, logistics center is the city logistics two level system. Commercial distribution logistics and distribution logistics is the main carrier of industry. It established the main should be close to large industri

28、al, commercial enterprises. The highway is the main way of freight logistics center should be near the traffic, the main entrance. In three, city logistics distribution center is the three level system. It established the main requirements are: reasonable position, assume the urban district and exte

29、rnal transport of goods distribution, formation and transfer function, to be built in the city and developing zone, so conducive to retail, small industry and other related services and civil life. Logistics is the soul of the system, should pay attention to the different transport modes meet to for

30、m the integrated logistics park construction, and to provide land, funds, tax policies, establishing a customs, high, maritime, taxation and other departments of the government of collaborative work mechanism, logistics park 's development to create a favorable policy environment. On the logisti

31、cs center especially for small distribution center, to prevent overheating due to logistics form new round of repeat construction, cause excessive competition. To consider the distribution in the city many water, public, iron freight stations and their loading and unloading points are concentrated,

32、considering the function of each alternative, for the city development space. According to the enterprise logistics management mode, set up logistics park - Logistics Center - distribution center logistics information switching platform, promote the conversion between classification of logistics sys

33、tem, at home and abroad for the development of the third party logistics to provide a good foundation.Small and medium-sized city modern logistics system of policy measuresOne, the government unified, rational planning of city logistics system. At present our country logistics management system of t

34、he existence of independent longitudinal, compartmentalization of malpractice, it and modern logistics cooperation, integration of resources concept with a larger conflict. It reminds us to pay attention to the coordination of various modes of transport, key construction with water, public, iron, av

35、iation and other transport modes of integrated logistics park, on the other hand, according to the city logistics system radiation range, attention and the rest of the city logistics infrastructure convergence, it is city logistics system hub conversion function key.Two, develop modern logistics dev

36、elopment policy, standardize logistics market management. Modern logistics industry policy 's goal is to create a good environment for the development of modern logistics, including the good market environment, good government coordination and management mechanism. Accelerate the integration of

37、resources, promoting the advantages of the concentration of capital, encourage the logistics infrastructure, logistics information platform construction, supporting a number of key logistics enterprises; at the same time to establish a unified, open market, prevent forestall and excessive competitio

38、n, adhere to the market allocation of resources as the basic means, to ensure that the market competition vigor, in respect of market mechanism and under the premise of the law, make accord with WTO regulation and international convention of the road transport industry regulation, distribution enter

39、prises to access and excessive competition regulation policy.In three, the logistics parks, logistics center, logistics enterprises to formulate preferential policy. Integrated logistics park construction of large scale of investment, long construction period, economic and social benefit is very obv

40、ious, apply all sorts of policy measures to cultivate and promote the construction of logistics park, the logistics park to play agglomeration and scale benefit. In land, capital, the respect such as taxation take the relevant supporting policies, promote the construction of logistics park; customs

41、inspection and other departments to study and formulate corresponding park directly for the international trade business and other supporting policies and measures; attract transnational corporation to logistics park based storage center and overseas assembly center.Four, advance content to shed sys

42、tematic standardization, informatization. First of all, should promote the standardization of transport, encourage pallet transportation. Standard pallet transportation route of logistics and regional logistics speed conversion tool, is also a logistics hub conversion function in the formation of th

43、e main driving force. To encourage industrial and commercial enterprises adopt the standard tray, and the tray manufacturing, leasing, recycling of the professional company to give policy support. Secondly, to speed up the logistics information technology standard. To track the relevant internationa

44、l standards, at the same time to carry out the national existing standards, to build logistics information classification coding and standardization of information technology as the main content of logistics standardization system, to ensure that the logistics information platform in efficient, unif

45、ied, orderly environment to normal operation.Five, to speed up personnel training and the introduction of. The development of modern logistics industry depends on the logistics personnel, the need for international trade process, international regulations, the circulation system, market distribution

46、, enterprise management and network information technology, with comprehensive abilities and talents. To increase the logistics of professional and technical personnel training inputs, the introduction of preferential policies to develop the logistics talents.外文參考文獻(xiàn)譯文：加快中小城市現(xiàn)代物流的發(fā)展城市是現(xiàn)代物流的匯聚地，是商品集散和

47、加工的中心，而且物流設(shè)施和基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)齊全，流通人力資本高，消費(fèi)集中而且需求量大，交通與信息發(fā)達(dá)，因此，現(xiàn)代物流必然以城市為中心、由相應(yīng)的多級(jí)市場(chǎng)區(qū)域構(gòu)成的空間市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)，優(yōu)越的市場(chǎng)空間結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)配置以產(chǎn)生巨大的吸引力。城市的發(fā)展可以帶動(dòng)周邊地區(qū)的繁榮交發(fā)展，從而形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的商品流通體系。構(gòu)建中小城市現(xiàn)代物流體系的重要意義： 一、改善城市投資環(huán)境，更好介入國際分工。在全球產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)移過程中，越來越多的企業(yè)認(rèn)識(shí)到，任何一個(gè)企業(yè)都不可能在所有業(yè)務(wù)上成為世界上最杰出的企業(yè)，只有優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)才能共同增強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)力。因此，國際上一些優(yōu)秀企業(yè)結(jié)成戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟。這種聯(lián)盟是圍繞核心企業(yè)，將供應(yīng)商、制造商、分銷商、零售商、最終

48、用戶連成一個(gè)鏈狀結(jié)構(gòu)，全程物流管理把供應(yīng)鏈上的各個(gè)企業(yè)作為一個(gè)不可分割的整體，推動(dòng)各個(gè)企業(yè)分組的采購、生產(chǎn)和銷售的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。因此，物流已經(jīng)成為全球化生產(chǎn)與銷售過程中的一項(xiàng)重要的增值服務(wù)，全程物流管理已成為將國內(nèi)外兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)、兩種資源聯(lián)結(jié)在一起的必不可少的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，構(gòu)建高效的國際物流體系已成為城市全方位介入國際分工的橋梁和催化劑。 二、優(yōu)化供應(yīng)鏈管理，奠定企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)斗基石。隨著顧客消費(fèi)水平的不斷提高，產(chǎn)品的多樣化和產(chǎn)品更新速度不斷加快，企業(yè)生產(chǎn)組織的柔性化、扁平化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化趨勢(shì)愈加明顯。以有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的價(jià)格，在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，提供恰當(dāng)?shù)纳唐穼?duì)企業(yè)發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。制造商通過分銷商、零售商及時(shí)了解用戶需

49、求，全面、準(zhǔn)確、動(dòng)態(tài)地把握產(chǎn)品流動(dòng)狀況，并以此調(diào)整市場(chǎng)策略。通過庫存成本、運(yùn)輸成本及管理成本的平衡優(yōu)化，用最低的總成本及時(shí)供應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需求，已成為企業(yè)開拓市場(chǎng)、占領(lǐng)市場(chǎng)的前提與保障。 三、拓展城市輻射范圍，形成中心城市功能。隨著我國對(duì)外開放的進(jìn)一步深化，以中小城市為中心的地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)客觀上己具備進(jìn)入國際分工的內(nèi)在潛能。同時(shí)，現(xiàn)代物流體系的建立過程本質(zhì)上是流通體系、流通渠道的再建過程。現(xiàn)代物流體系將改變傳統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)分銷商零售商的傳統(tǒng)流通模式，而轉(zhuǎn)向生產(chǎn)企業(yè)零售商的新型流通模式，這將極大的促進(jìn)城市新型商業(yè)業(yè)態(tài)如貨柜式商場(chǎng)、購物中心、超市、連鎖經(jīng)營、代理制、經(jīng)銷制等業(yè)態(tài)的興起與發(fā)展，使城市商業(yè)的輻射范圍逐

50、步擴(kuò)大，而物流的發(fā)展將帶來巨大商機(jī)；資金流、物流、信息流的集中，為中心城市功能的發(fā)揮產(chǎn)生重要的先導(dǎo)作用。以城市為中心的現(xiàn)代物流建設(shè) 城市型物流中心的服務(wù)區(qū)域劃分原則是按“經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域”而不是按“行政區(qū)域”進(jìn)行，雖然二者可能出現(xiàn)某種重合和一致，但這完全是兩個(gè)不同的概念。經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域不像行政區(qū)域劃分有著明確具體的界限，經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域的界限是模糊的，是一條過渡帶，這形成了經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域的開放性。它們之間的另外一個(gè)差別是行政區(qū)域的劃分常以自然地勢(shì)、人口數(shù)量、物產(chǎn)富饒程度、交通運(yùn)輸條件以及行政管理作用等因素為依據(jù)，具有相對(duì)長(zhǎng)期的穩(wěn)定性，而經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域的發(fā)展則表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)活躍。物流中心如果按行政區(qū)域進(jìn)行劃分，強(qiáng)化了行政干預(yù)力量，往

51、往會(huì)違背市場(chǎng)規(guī)律的作用，市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作會(huì)受到嚴(yán)重制約。按經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域發(fā)展物流中心則適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，體現(xiàn)了自然資源稟賦狀況、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和布局條件、市場(chǎng)化程度等方面的發(fā)展，同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了物流中心的完整性和開放性。 在“九五”計(jì)劃和2010年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)中，政府對(duì)如何進(jìn)一步加速物流發(fā)展已經(jīng)提出了具體規(guī)劃和要求，主要是：繼續(xù)建設(shè)一批全局性、關(guān)鍵性的物流基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，改造和籌建一批具有現(xiàn)代化水平的倉庫和配送中心，加強(qiáng)物流管理水平。在規(guī)劃布局上，政府應(yīng)把物流作為城市功能的有機(jī)組成部分進(jìn)行統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，避免出現(xiàn)重復(fù)建設(shè)、浪費(fèi)資源或因不合理選址造成交通運(yùn)輸出現(xiàn)“瓶頸”現(xiàn)象。 根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)分類方法，物流中心可以劃分為流通型配送中心、加工配送中心與儲(chǔ)存型配送中心三大類型：（1）流通型配送中心。通常用來向客戶提供庫存補(bǔ)充，因此，應(yīng)充分考慮市場(chǎng)因素，在地理上定位于接近主要的客戶地點(diǎn)，其規(guī)模大小應(yīng)取決于被要求的送貨速度、平均訂貨的多少以及單位用地成本。（2）加工配送中心。作為裝配加工與集中運(yùn)輸生產(chǎn)材料的基地，這種配送中心存在的基本原因是支持制造廠，以可以集中運(yùn)輸?shù)馁M(fèi)率將