1、黃姜綜合利用關鍵技術研究摘 要本研究應用循環經濟理論和清潔生產原理，引進先進的加工工藝及設備，通過實驗室小試及中試生產試驗驗證，實現了黃姜加工的資源化利用和清潔生產。所開展的工作及取得的結論或成果包括以下幾個方面：1. 黃姜淀粉和纖維素的提取 以傳統提取紅薯淀粉的方法為基礎，經歷了手工提取分離，實驗室提取分離和機械法提取分離三個階段，完成了黃姜中淀粉和纖維素提取分離的研究，最終優選確定了針磨，帶式壓榨，沉降式臥螺離心，氣流烘干等設備使纖維素、淀粉、皂素三者完全分離和提取，纖維與木質素回收率達到85%90%，淀粉回收率達90%左右，皂素損失在2以下。2. 黃姜漿料的膜濃縮 采用膜濃縮技術減少了進

2、入水解過程的漿料量，從而降低用酸量和廢水排放量。通過實驗室規律性研究和中試生產試驗驗證，通過膜濃縮，可以將漿料濃縮57倍，使固形物含量達到7%。與傳統工藝相比，酸解物料量減少了50%。 3. 黃姜廢水的資源化利用 酸解廢水酸性大，糖度高，生化性差是導致廢水處理成本高的重要原因，本實驗將酸解廢水通過加入石灰乳中和酸度，得到石膏產品，每噸廢水可回收利用二水石膏95 kg。廢水經中和回收石膏后采用抗污染膜進行濃縮回收水解糖，濃縮倍數可達到十倍，每噸廢水可回收水解糖100 kg。分離出的清水通過二級ESPA1膜處理，COD值僅為30.5 mg/L，達到了國家一級排放標準，可以循環利用。4. 經濟可行性

3、分析 采用黃姜資源化利用技術后，90%以上的淀粉和纖維素得到了回收利用，并大幅度減少了酸解物料量和耗酸量，降低酸解廢水的濃度和數量，提高皂素回收率，從源頭治污，實現了資源多元化綜合利用，每年可為年產100噸皂素企業增加564萬元的綜合經濟效益，創造了顯著的經濟效益，環境效益和社會效益。關鍵詞：黃姜；綜合利用；淀粉；纖維素；膜濃縮；黃姜廢水ABSTRACTBased on the cycle economic theory and clean production principle, the resource utilization and clean production of Diosco

4、rea zingiberensis C. H. Wright processing was achieved by imported processing and verified by equipments lab experiment and Pilot production. The conclusions and achievements were summarized as follows:1. Starch and cellulose extraction of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright Based on traditional me

5、thod of sweet potato extraction, the starch and cellulose of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright were extracted through three stages, manual, laboratory and machinery extraction & separation. The mulling, belt-pressing, centrifuging and gas flow drying equipments, by which the cellulose, starch

6、 and disogenin could be completely extracted and separated, were finally determined. The recovery rate of cellulose and lignose reached 85- 90%, and that of starch was about 90%. And the loss rate of disogenin was under 2%.2. Membrane concentration of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright slurry The

7、hydrolization slurry amount was reduced by adopting membrane concentration technology and thus the adding amount of acid and discharge amount of waste water could be decreased. The lab experiment and pilot production showed that the slurry could be concentrated by 5-7 times, the content of solid sub

8、stance could reach 7% through membrane concentration, and the adding amount of acid was reduced by 50% compared with traditional method.3. Resource utilization of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright waste waterThe treatment of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright waste water is of high cost because

9、 of high acid content, sugar content and poor biodegradability. In this paper, the lime cream was added in the acidrolysis waste water to neutralize the acid, and 95kg dihydrate per ton wastewater could be recycled. And the hydrolysis carbohydrate in the waste water was concentrated by anti-pollutio

10、n membrane, and the concentration rate could reach to 10 times. 100kg hydrolysis carbohydrate per ton wastewater could be recycled. The COD of the final water was 30.5 mg/L after secondary ESPA1 membrane treatment. The water reached the highest national emission standard and can be reused.4. Economi

11、c Feasibility AnalysisMore than 90% starch and cellulose were separated and reused before the acidrolysis by resource utilization of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright. The acidrolysis materials and adding amount of acid greatly reduced, the concentration and amount of acidrolysis wastewater decreased, and the recovery rate of disogenin increased, thus comprehensive utilization of resources achieved. The technique would help an annul-100-ton-disogenin producing enterprise to increase 5,640,000 yuan and create prominent economic, environm