1、東北石油大學本科生畢業設計(論文)Automatic fire alarm systemThe traditional electron safe alarm system mainly is through the sensor automatic detection, produces the alarm, sends out the alarm from the scene or reports to the police through the special electric cable near distance, thus causes people's vigilanc

2、e. Through man-years research and the development, the present alarm apparatus may say is the class is multitudinous. As a result of the alarm apparatus rapid development and the social each domain anxious need, can the application domain be more and more many, specially is rapidly develops in the c

3、ivil domain. In recent years, the infrared alarm apparatus already became reports to the police a domain hot spot, because it used was not the obviously infrared acquisition, therefore had the hiding to be good, characteristic and so on security. The infrared sensor is different according to the mec

4、hanism may divide into the light survey and the hot survey. The light acquisition sensor is uses the photon effect the infrared acquisition aid. This kind of sensor speed of response quick, the sensitivity high, the examination characteristic is good, but needs to cool, uses not conveniently. Moreov

5、er the component examination sensitivity and the infrared wave length concern. The hot acquisition sensor is uses hotly releases the electricity effect the infrared acquisition aid. After receives the goal the infrared radiation temperature increment, the temperature elevates causes the sensor inter

6、ior certain physical quantities changes, through examination physical quantity change definite infrared emission. This kind of sensor works under the room temperature condition, examination sensitivity also very high, speed of response also very quick, moreover has nothing to do with the infrared em

7、ission wavelength, may survey the power only to receive the background radiation the limit, the application is very convenient. This article designs is the passive form hotly releases the electricity infrared acquisition aid. In the article mainly elaborated has hotly released the electricity the pr

8、inciple, hotly releases content and so on many alarm circuit which the electric detector the characteristic, the BISS0001 signal processor, 555 timers composed. Finally designed completes has hotly released the electricity infrared detection alarm apparatus the hardware electric circuit.With the mod

9、ern family use of fire, electricity consumption increases, the frequency of home fires is getting higher and higher. The family of fire, it is easy to fight does not occur promptly, the lack of fire-fighting equipment and the presence of panic-stricken people, to escape unfavorable factors, such as

10、retardation, which eventually led to a significant loss of life and property. Explore the characteristics of the family of fire and fire prevention measures. For the prevention of domestic fires, reducing the fire losses have practical significance . In the modern urban family, because of lot of peo

11、ple do not understand common sense home security caused by fire, so that the happy family Google ruined blink of an eye, and some lead to destruction, but the event of household fires, improper disposal, alarm delay is caused so that people should get to know more about the main causes of household

12、fires, master to prevent the fire of knowledge and in case of fire to protect his or her own way, timely elimination of The United Kingdom each year more than 50000 families of serious fires, most of them fire casualties and significant loss of household assets, and some result in the neighbors, mor

13、e heavy fire losses. Investigate the causes of fire in time, the vast majority of home fires happen parties said that the fire always feel that things are other people with their own far away, did not think this will happen even in the top of his head. Home fires are the main reason for negligent no

14、t to take timely preventive measures .In some of our large and medium-sized cities, almost every day family fires, fire prevention is so each family must always pay attention to. If your home based on the actual situation in advance to take simple fire prevention measures, a number of tragedies are

15、entirely avoidable.Automatic fire alarm system is in order to inform the early detection of fire, and take effective measures to control and fight fires, and set in a building or other place of an automatic fire facilities, is that people with a powerful tool to fight the fire. Fire alarm system, fi

16、re detectors generally, regional centralized alarm and composition; also be required under the project with various fire-fighting facilities and communication devices linked to form a central control system. From automatic alarm, automatic fire fighting, evacuation guidance, system process shows tha

17、t, fire up a complete file management, fire control system.Fire detectors are fire detection devices, as in the stage of fire will produce smoke with high temperature flame cells. The smoke, heat and light into electrical signals through the detector alarm or automatic fire extinguishing system to s

18、tart fighting the fire in time. Area where the floor of alarm detector can send the signal into sound and light alarm, and fire on the screen showing the room number; while also monitoring the concentration of certain floors of alarm (if the monitor is located in the building fire Control Center) ou

19、tput signal or control automatic fire extinguishing system. Concentration of alarm signal is received by way of sound and light show, and the screen also shows the specific fire floor and room number, the plane stopped taking the first alarm clock to record the timing, use of the machine-specific ph

20、ones, but also quickly to the fire alarm to give directions and. In addition, you can control the fire extinguishing system or signal transmission to the fire control room.Automatic fire alarm system is by the trigger devices, fire alarm, fire alarm devices and other auxiliary functions of the devic

21、e with the composition of a button fire alarm system fire alarm system. It can fire early stages of burning smoke, heat and light radiation and other physical quantities, by temperature. Photographic and other smoke and fire detectors into electrical signals, transmitted to the fire alarm controller

22、, and also shows the site of the fire, the fire record of the time. General fire alarm system and automatic sprinkler system, fire hydrant systems, smoke control systems, ventilation systems, air conditioning system, fire doors, fire shutter, smoke screen and other related equipment interaction, aut

23、omatically or manually issue commands to start the corresponding device.(A) of the trigger devices in automatic fire alarm system, automatic or manual fire alarm signal devices generate called trigger conditions, including fire detectors and manual fire alarm button. Fire detector is able to fire pa

24、rameters (smoke, temperature, flame radiation, gas concentration, etc.) response, and automatically generate a fire alarm signal devices. Fire response parameters according to different fire detectors into heat detectors, smoke detector, sensitive fire detectors, combustible gas detectors and fire d

25、etectors five basic types of composite. Different types of fire detectors for different types of fires and different places. Manual fire alarm button fire alarm signal generated manually start the automatic fire alarm system devices, automatic fire alarm system is an indispensable component of the.(

26、B) the fire alarm device in automatic fire alarm system to receive, display and transmit fire alarm signals, and can send control signals and control functions with other auxiliary equipment as the fire alarm device instructions. Fire alarm control is one of the most basic kind. Charged with the fir

27、e alarm control fire detectors provide a stable working power; detector and the working status of the system itself; the reception, conversion, processing a warning of fire detectors Shuchu; Jinxing sound and light alarm; Zhishi specific location and alarm time; the same time supporting the implemen

28、tation of appropriate control and many other tasks. Fire alarm system is a core component. In the fire alarm devices, some devices such as break, regional monitors, fire shows and other functions can not complete disc alarm device, which can be regarded as the evolution of fire alarm controller or s

29、upplement. Under certain conditions applied, and the fire alarm device fire alarm control belong.The basic function of fire alarm control are: the main power, backup power automatically converted, standby power charge function, power failure monitoring function, power functions working status indica

30、tor, power supply for the detector circuit function, control sensors or system failures, sound and light alarm, fire sound, light alarm, fire alarm and memory function, clock function unit, with priority being given fault function fire alarm, sound alarm sound audible alarm mute and again. (C) fire

31、alarms in automatic fire alarm system to send different from the environment, sound, light the fire alarm signal device called the fire alarms. It sound, light and sound approach to the issue of fire alarm signals alarm area to warn people to adopt safe evacuation, fire fighting and rescue measures.

32、D) Fire control equipment in automatic fire alarm system, when receiving the fire alarm, automatically or manually start the related fire-fighting equipment and display devices of their state, known as the fire control equipment. Include fire alarm control, automatic fire extinguishing system contro

33、l device, fire hydrant system control devices, smoke exhaust system and air conditioning and ventilation system control device, normally open fire doors, fire shutter control device, the lift back down control equipment, and fire emergency radio, fire alarms, fire communications equipment, fire evac

34、uation signs and emergency lighting control devices, control devices in some or all. Fire control equipment normally installed in the fire control center to facilitate the implementation of centralized control. While others set fire control equipment, fire fighting equipment is located in the charge

35、d field, but its actions must be returned fire control signal, combined with the implementation of centralization and decentralization of control. (E) fire alarm system power supply electrical equipment belonging to the fire, the main power should be in the fire power, standby power use of battery.

36、In addition to fire alarm system power controller, power supply, but also related to the system for the fire control equipment such as power supply.火災自動報警系統傳統電子安全報警系統主要是通過傳感器自動檢測，產生報警信號，從現場發出報警信號或通過專門電纜近距離報警，從而引起人們的警覺。通過多年的研究和發展，現在的報警器可以說是門類眾多。由于報警器的飛速發展和社會各個領域的急切需要，能應用的領域越來越多，特別是在民用領域更是急速發展。近年來，紅外線

37、報警器已經成為報警領域的一個熱點，由于其采用的是不可見的紅外線探測，所以具有隱蔽性好、安全等特點。紅外線傳感器按機理不同可以分為光探測型和熱探測型。光探測傳感器是利用光子效應的紅外探測器。這類傳感器響應速度快、靈敏度高、檢測特性好，但需要冷卻，使用不方便。而且器件的檢測靈敏度與紅外波長有關。熱探測傳感器是利用熱釋電效應的紅外探測器。在接收到目標的紅外輻射后溫度升高，溫度的升高又引起傳感器內部某些物理量的變化，通過檢測物理量的變化來確定紅外線輻射。這類傳感器在室溫條件下工作，檢測靈敏度也很高，響應速度也很快，而且與紅外線輻射波長無關，可探測功率只受背景輻射的限制，應用很方便。本文設計的是被動式熱

38、釋電紅外探測器。文 中主要論述了熱釋電的原理、熱釋電探測器的特性、BISS0001傳感信號處理器、555定時器組成的多諧振蕩報警電路等內容。最后設計完成了熱釋電紅外探測報警器的硬件電路。隨著現代家庭用火、用電量的增加，家庭火災發生的頻率越來越高。家庭火災一旦發生，很容易出現撲救不及時、滅火器材缺乏及在場人驚慌失措、逃生遲緩等不利因素，最終導致重大生命財產損失。探討家庭火災的特點及防火對策， 對于預防家庭火災，減少火災損失具有現實意義 在現代城市家庭里，許多人因不懂家庭安全常識引起火災事故，使好端端的幸福家庭轉眼間毀于一旦,有的導致家破人亡,而且一旦發生居民家庭火災，處置不當、報警遲緩,是造成人

39、員受害的原因。人們應該積極了解家庭火災的主要起因，掌握防止發生火災的知識和萬一發生火災時保護自己的方法,及時消除隱患。 英國每年發生50000起以上的嚴重家庭火災，其中大部分火災造成人員傷亡和重大的家庭財產損失，有的還連累左鄰右舍，火災損失更加慘重。在調查火災起因的時候，絕大多數發生火災家庭的當事人說，以前總覺得火災是人家的事情，與自己離得很遠，沒有想到這一次竟然會發生在自己的頭上。 家庭火災的主要原因是麻痹大意，沒有及時采取預防措施。在我國的一些大中城市，幾乎每天都發生家庭火災，所以防火是每個家庭必須時刻注意的問題。假如能根據您家的實際情況預先采取簡單的防火措施，一些悲劇是完全可以避免的。火

40、災自動報警系統是人們為了早期發現通報火災，并及時采取有效措施，控制和撲滅火災，而設置在建筑物中或其它場所的一種自動消防設施，是人們同火災作斗爭的有力工具。 火災報警系統，一般由火災探測器、區域報警器和集中報警器組成；也可以根據工程的要求同各種滅火設施和通訊裝置聯動，以形成中心控制系統。即由自動報警、自動滅火、安全疏散誘導、系統過程顯示、消防檔案管理等組成一個完整的消防控制系統。 火災探測器是探測火災的儀器，由于在火災發生的階段，將伴隨產生煙霧、高溫格火光。這些煙、熱和光可以通過探測器轉變為電信號報警或使自動滅火系統啟動，及時撲滅火災。 區域報警器能將所在樓層之探測器發出的信號轉換為聲光報警，并在屏幕上顯示出火災的房間號；同時還能監視若干樓層的集中報警器（如果監視整個大樓的則設于消防控制中心）輸出信號或控制自動滅火系統。 集中報警是將接收到的信號以聲光方式顯示出來，其屏幕上也具體顯示出著火的樓層和房間號，機上停走的時鐘記錄下首次報警時間性，利用本機專用電話，還可迅速發出指示和向消防隊報警。此外，也可以控制有關的滅火系統或將火災信號傳輸給消防控制室。系統組成火災自動報警系統是由觸發器件、火災報警裝