1、.The iceberg model of culture implies that it is very difficultto understandaculture thoroughly.TCulture is innate as soon as a person is born.FPeople may sometimes get confused about his or her cultural identity.TScholars prefer the term subculture to co-culture in describing a culture whichexists

2、within a dominant culture.FA person could be a member of severaldifferent subgroups at the same time.TCommunication and culture are inseparable and strongly connected.TIntracultural communicationoccurswhen thesender andthereceiverexchanging messages are from different races.FThe sender must choose c

3、ertain words or nonverbal methodstosend anintentional message. This activity is called decoding.FThe process of communication has nine components: sender, encoding, message,channel, noise, receiver, decoding, feedback, and context.TAn exacting style of communicationcan be found in Japan, China, and

4、someNative American cultures.FThe self-effacement verbal style emphasizes the importance of boasting aboutones accomplishments and abilities.FDialect refers to geographic variation, while sociolect refers to variation in termsof social group.TAn elaborate style of communication can be seen in Arab c

5、ultures.T.Speaking is the only mode of effective communication.FThe elaborate, exacting, or succinct communication style deals with the quantityand/or volume of talk that is preferred across cultural groups.TThe Thais like to touch babies or small children, especially they like others to pattheir ch

6、ildren s head.FSaudi Arabs belong to touch cultures.FThe appropriateness of eye contact varies with different cultures.TParalanguage may imply the connotation of the actual words.In Finland, firm handshakes are the normal greeting for men and women.TAmericans might regard gift giving as a form of br

7、ibery.TSimilarity of culture does not affect acculturation.FSuccessful managementof cultureshockdepends onan awareness ofitssymptoms and the degree of its severity.TThe second stage of intercultural adaptation is called honeymoon stage or initialeuphoria stage.FAll the activities of learning one s c

8、ulture are called acculturation.FInsomnia can be one example of the physical symptoms of culture shock.FFinancial matters can result in culture shock.TWhat is the nature of culture?1. Culture is like an iceberg.2. Culture is our software.3. Culture is like the water a fish swims in.4. Culture is the

9、 grammar of our behavior. What are the characteristics of culture?1. Culture Is Learned2. Culture Is DynamicActivity: Exploring IdeasDo you know anyother events that havegreat influence on culture? Tell yourpartner how the following events changed culture.1. Chinas policy of reform and opening-up2.

10、The United States entering WWII3. The atomic bombing in Japan in WWII3. Culture Is PervasiveLike the air we breathe, culture penetrates into every aspect of our life and influences the way we think, the way we talk, and the way we behave.4. Culture Is IntegratedWe sometimes break down andisolate var

11、ious parts of culture andtalk aboutthem as if they are separate parts. However, in reality, culture functions as anintegrated whole and it is systemic.5. Culture Is AdaptiveHistory abounds with examples of how cultures have changed because of laws,natural disasters, wars, or other calamities.3，What

12、are the components of communication?.4，What are the characteristics of communication?Communication is dynamicb. Communication is systematicc. Communication is symbolic符號性的d. Communication is irreversible不可逆轉的e. Communication is transactional交互式的f. Communication is self-reflectiveg. Communication is

13、contextual5，What are the categories of nonverbal communication?1. ocuelsics (目光語 )2. olfactics (嗅覺 )3. haptics (觸覺行為 )4. kinesics (身勢語行為 )5. chromatics ( 色彩學 )6. attire (服飾）6，What are the verbal communication styles?7，What are the differences between direct and indirect verbal communicationstyles?In

14、 the direct verbal style, statements clearly revealthe speakers intentions.Eg. U.S. Americans tend to use a straightforward form of request.In the indirect verbal style, on the other hand, verbalstatements tend to hide the speaker s actual intentions.Eg. Chinese tend to ask for a favor in a more rou

15、ndabout and implicit way.8， How to distinguish elaborate, exacting, and succinct styles?An elaborate style emphasizes flashy and embellishedlanguage. This style of communication can be seen inmany Arab, Middle Eastern, and Afro-American cultures.An exacting style, where persons say no more or less t

16、han is needed, is used byAmericans.A succinct style is characterized by the use of concisestatements, understatements,and even silence. A succinct style can befound in Japan, China, and some Native American cultures9，What are the components of cultural patterns?10，How to distinguish High context VS Low context and High context culture VSLow context culture12，What are the business etiquette norms?13，What are the four modes of acculturation?SeparationIntegrationAssimilationMarginalization14，What are the forms of culture shock?Language shockRole shock.Transition shockCultural FatigueEduca